Contents 2016n - Revision history

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Complascontents: Created page with "==1 Title, abstract and keywords== Your paper should start with a concise and informative title. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations a..."

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==1 Title, abstract and keywords==

Your paper should start with a concise and informative title. Titles are often used in information-retrieval systems. Avoid abbreviations and formulae where possible. Capitalize the first word of the title.

Provide a maximum of 6 keywords, and avoiding general and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing with abbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field should be used. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

An abstract is required for every paper; it should succinctly summarize the reason for the work, the main findings, and the conclusions of the study. Abstract is often presented separately from the article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, references and hyperlinks should be avoided. If references are essential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself.

==2 The main text==

You can enter and format the text of this document by selecting the ‘Edit’ option in the menu at the top of this frame or next to the title of every section of the document. This will give access to the visual editor. Alternatively, you can edit the source of this document (Wiki markup format) by selecting the ‘Edit source’ option.

Most of the papers in Scipedia are written in English (write your manuscript in American or British English, but not a mixture of these). Anyhow, specific journals in other languages can be published in Scipedia. In any case, the documents published in other languages must have an abstract written in English.

===2.1 Subsections===

Divide your article into clearly defined and numbered sections. Subsections should be numbered 1.1, 1.2, etc. and then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, ... Use this numbering also for internal cross-referencing: do not just refer to 'the text'. Any subsection may be given a brief heading. Capitalize the first word of the headings.

===2.2 General guidelines===

Some general guidelines that should be followed in your manuscripts are:

:* Avoid hyphenation at the end of a line.

:* Symbols denoting vectors and matrices should be indicated in bold type. Scalar variable names should normally be expressed using italics.

:* Use decimal points (not commas); use a space for thousands (10 000 and above).

:* Follow internationally accepted rules and conventions. In particular use the international system of units (SI). If other quantities are mentioned, give their equivalent in SI.

===2.3 Tables, figures, lists and equations===

Please insert tables as editable text and not as images. Tables should be placed next to the relevant text in the article. Number tables consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text (<span id='cite-_Ref382560620'></span>[[#_Ref382560620|table 1]], table 2, etc.) and place any table notes below the table body. Be sparing in the use of tables and ensure that the data presented in them do not duplicate results described elsewhere in the article.

<span id='_Ref382560620'></span>
{| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;border: 1pt solid black;border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Thickness
| style="text-align: center;"|3.175 mm
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Young Modulus
| style="text-align: center;"|12.74 MPa
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Poisson coefficient
| style="text-align: center;"|0.25
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|Density
| style="text-align: center;"|1107 kg/m<sup>3</sup>
|}
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<span style="text-align: center; font-size: 75%;">Table 1: Material properties</span></div>

Graphics may be inserted directly in the document and positioned as they should appear in the final manuscript.

<span id='_Ref448852946'></span>
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
[[Image:Scipedia.gif|center|480px]]
</div>
<div class="center" style="width: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;">
<span style="text-align: center; font-size: 75%;">Figure 1. Scipedia logo.</span></div>

Number the figures according to their sequence in the text (<span id='cite-_Ref448852946'></span>[[#_Ref448852946|figure 1]], figure 2, etc.). Ensure that each illustration has a caption. A caption should comprise a brief title. Keep text in the illustrations themselves to a minimum but explain all symbols and abbreviations used. Try to keep the resolution of the figures to a minimum of 300 dpi. If a finer resolution is required, the figure can be inserted as supplementary material

For tabular summations that do not deserve to be presented as a table, lists are often used. Lists may be either numbered or bulleted. Below you see examples of both.

1. The first entry in this list

2. The second entry

2.1. A subentry

3. The last entry

* A bulleted list item

* Another one

You may choose to number equations for easy referencing. In that case they must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in parentheses on the right hand side of the page. Below is an example of formulae that should be referenced as eq. <span id='cite-_Ref424030152'></span>[[#_Ref424030152|(1)]].

{| style="width: 100%;"
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;"| <math>{\nabla }^{2}\phi =0</math>
| style="text-align: right;"|<span id='_Ref424030152'></span>
(1)
|}

===2.4 Supplementary material===

Supplementary material can be inserted to support and enhance your article. This includes video material, animation sequences, background datasets, computational models, sound clips and more. In order to ensure that your material is directly usable, please provide the files with a preferred maximum size of 50 MB. Please supply a concise and descriptive caption for each file.

==3 Bibliography==

<span id='_Ref449344604'></span>
Citations in text will follow a citation-sequence system (i.e. sources are numbered by order of reference so that the first reference cited in the paper is [<span id='cite-1'></span>[[#1|1]]], the second [<span id='cite-2'></span>[[#2|2]]], and so on) with the number of the reference in square brackets. Once a source has been cited, the same number is used in all subsequent references. If the numbers are not in a continuous sequence, use commas (with no spaces) between numbers. If you have more than two numbers in a continuous sequence, use the first and last number of the sequence joined by a hyphen (e.g. [<span id='cite-1'></span>[[#1|1]], <span id='cite-3'></span>[[#3|3]]] or [<span id='cite-2'></span>[[#2|2]]-<span id='cite-2'></span>[[#4|4]]]).

<span id='_Ref449084254'></span>
You should ensure that all references are cited in the text and that the reference list. References should preferably refer to papers published in Scipedia. Unpublished results should not be included in the reference list, but can be mentioned in the text. The reference data must be updated once publication is ready. Complete bibliographic information for all cited references must be given following the standards in the field (IEEE and ISO 690 standards are recommended). If possible, a hyperlink to the referenced publication should be given. See examples for Scipedia’s articles [<span id='cite-1'></span>[[#1|1]]], other journal articles [<span id='cite-2'></span>[[#2|2]]], books [<span id='cite-3'></span>[[#3|3]]], book chapter [<span id='cite-4'></span>[[#4|4]]], conference proceedings [<span id='cite-5'></span>[[#5|5]]], and online documents [<span id='cite-6'></span>[[#6|6]]], shown in references section below.

==4 Acknowledgments==

Acknowledgments should be inserted at the end of the paper, before the references section.

==5 References==

<span id='_Ref449083719'></span>
<div id="1"></div>
[[#cite-1|[1]]] Author, A. and Author, B. (Year) Title of the article. Title of the Journal. Article code. Available: [http://www.scipedia.com/ucode. http://www.scipedia.com/ucode.]

<div id="2"></div>
[[#cite-2|[2]]] Author, A. and Author, B. (Year) Title of the article. Title of the Journal. Volume number, first page-last page.

<div id="3"></div>
[[#cite-3|[3]]] Author, C. (Year). Title of work: Subtitle (edition.). Volume(s). Place of publication: Publisher.

<div id="4"></div>
[[#cite-4|[4]]] Author of Part, D. (Year). Title of chapter or part. In A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title: Subtitle of book (edition, inclusive page numbers). Place of publication: Publisher.

<div id="5"></div>
[[#cite-5|[5]]] Author, E. (Year, Month date). Title of the article. In A. Editor, B. Editor, and C. Editor. Title of published proceedings. Paper presented at title of conference, Volume number, first page-last page. Place of publication.

<div id="6"></div>
[[#cite-6|[6]]] Institution or author. Title of the document. Year. [Online] (Date consulted: day, month and year). Available: [http://www.scipedia.com/document.pdf http://www.scipedia.com/document.pdf]. [Accessed day, month and year].

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Abstract==
-In civil engineering, and more particularly in structural mechanics, computational tools are used to understand and predict the behaviour of complete structures (bridges, buildings, …) or their individual components (cables, floors, …) in several limit states. A major complexity lies in the fact that many civil engineering structures, if not all, are in direct contact with the surrounding soil domain. The dynamic interaction between the structure and its environment often plays a crucial role and should be accounted for in numerical models. An efficient solution of dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is indispensable, for example, for the assessment of damage to structures (buildings, nuclear power plants, bridges, tunnels) caused by earthquakes, the evaluation of annoyance in the built environment due to vibrations originating from road and railway traffic, or the design of offshore structures (wind turbines, oil and gas platforms) subjected to wind and wave loadings. These problems are of large societal and economic importance but are challenging from a computational point of view. Despite the advance of high performance computers, the numerical solution of large scale dynamic SSI problems remains very challenging and in many cases beyond current computer capabilities.
+In civil engineering, and more particularly in structural mechanics, computational tools are used to understand and predict the behaviour of complete structures (bridges, buildings, …) or their individual components (cables, floors, …) in several limit states. A major complexity lies in the fact that many civil engineering structures, if not all, are in direct contact with the surrounding soil domain. The dynamic interaction between the structure and its environment often plays a crucial role and should be accounted for in numerical models. An efficient solution of dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is indispensable, for example, for the assessment of damage to structures (buildings, nuclear power plants, bridges, tunnels) caused by earthquakes, the evaluation of annoyance in the built environment due to vibrations originating from road and railway traffic, or the design of offshore structures (wind turbines, oil and gas platforms) subjected to wind and wave loadings. These problems are of large societal and economic importance but are challenging from a computational point of view. Despite the advance of high performance computers, the numerical solution of large scale dynamic SSI problems remains very challenging and in many cases beyond current computer capabilities [<span id='cite-1'></span>[[#1|1]]].
-This talk gives an overview of computational techniques that have been developed within the frame of the first author’s doctoral research for solving large dynamic SSI problems. A domain decomposition approach is employed, where finite elements for the structure(s) are coupled to boundary elements for the soil, accounting for the soil’s stratification. A fast boundary element method is developed, resulting in a significant reduction of the required memory and CPU time with respect to traditional formulations. This allows for an increase of the problem size by at least one order of magnitude. Furthermore, innovative algorithms for an efficient coupling of finite and boundary elements are presented, considering three–dimensional as well as two–and–a–half– dimensional formulations. The computational performance of the proposed procedures is assessed and their suitability is illustrated through numerical examples.
+This talk gives an overview of computational techniques that have been developed within the frame of the first author’s doctoral research for solving large dynamic SSI problems [<span id='cite-2'></span>[[#2|2]]]. A domain decomposition approach is employed, where finite elements for the structure(s) are coupled to boundary elements for the soil, accounting for the soil’s stratification. A fast boundary element method is developed, resulting in a significant reduction of the required memory and CPU time with respect to traditional formulations. This allows for an increase of the problem size by at least one order of magnitude. Furthermore, innovative algorithms for an efficient coupling of finite and boundary elements are presented, considering three–dimensional as well as two–and–a–half– dimensional formulations. The computational performance of the proposed procedures is assessed and their suitability is illustrated through numerical examples.
-The novel techniques are subsequently employed for the solution of challenging problems related to the prediction of railway induced ground vibrations. In particular, the efficiency of a stiff wave barrier for impeding the propagation of Rayleigh waves from the railway track to the surrounding buildings is studied in detail, providing fundamental insight in the underlying physical mechanism. The numerical results are validated by means of a full scale experimental test, confirming the efficacy of the proposed type of barrier.
+The novel techniques are subsequently employed for the solution of challenging problems related to the prediction of railway induced ground vibrations [<span id='cite-3'></span>[[#3|3]]]. In particular, the efficiency of a stiff wave barrier for impeding the propagation of Rayleigh waves from the railway track to the surrounding buildings is studied in detail, providing fundamental insight in the underlying physical mechanism. The numerical results are validated by means of a full scale experimental test, confirming the efficacy of the proposed type of barrier.
 == Recording of the presentation ==
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 * [//congress.cimne.com/complas2015/frontal/default.asp Complas XIII] Official Website of the Conference.
 * [//www.cimnemultimediachannel.com/ CIMNE Multimedia Channel]

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 | Date: 1 - 3 September 2015, Barcelona, Spain.
 |}
 == General Information ==
 * Location: Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.
 * Date: 1 - 3 September 2015
-* Secretariat: [//www.cimne.com/ CIMNE] Centre Internacional de Metodes Numerics.
+* Secretariat: [//www.cimne.com/ International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE)].
 == External Links ==
 * [//congress.cimne.com/complas2015/frontal/default.asp Complas XIII] Official Website of the Conference.
 * [//www.cimnemultimediachannel.com/ CIMNE Multimedia Channel]

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