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		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Chavez_et_al_2021b</id>
		<title>Chavez et al 2021b - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-04-16T12:19:28Z</updated>
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		<title>Move page script: Move page script moved page Draft Content 531359256 to Chavez et al 2021b</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T15:17:09Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Move page script moved page &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Draft_Content_531359256&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Draft Content 531359256&quot;&gt;Draft Content 531359256&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Chavez_et_al_2021b&quot; title=&quot;Chavez et al 2021b&quot;&gt;Chavez et al 2021b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:17, 30 November 2021&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan='2' style='text-align: center;' lang='en'&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
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		<author><name>Move page script</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Chavez_et_al_2021b&amp;diff=233298&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Scipediacontent: Created page with &quot;== Abstract ==  The urban development of Lota city (Chile) was strongly influenced by the coal-mining industry during 19th and 20th century. Virtually, the entire city was bui...&quot;</title>
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				<updated>2021-11-30T13:37:44Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;== Abstract ==  The urban development of Lota city (Chile) was strongly influenced by the coal-mining industry during 19th and 20th century. Virtually, the entire city was bui...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The urban development of Lota city (Chile) was strongly influenced by the coal-mining industry during 19th and 20th century. Virtually, the entire city was built, initially, by Matias Cousiño’s Coal Company and, later, by the National Coal Company of Chile  (ENACAR). At the beginning of the 21st century, the city began to experience a decline because of the closure of coal mines. This situation affected not only the economy and employment of the city, but also the maintenance of its infrastructure and the conservation of historical buildings. &lt;br /&gt;
The “Anibal Pinto Building” is a 5 stories reinforced concrete and masonry structure, built in 1966. Besides of an aggressive coastal environment and poor maintenance, this building has experienced  one  major  earthquake  (Mw  8.8  in  2010).  As  a  consequence,  cracks,  concrete spalding and reinforcement corrosion is observed in several structural elements. &lt;br /&gt;
To  evaluate  the  current  state  of  the  building  and  determine  it  remaining  operation  life,  a structural  assessment  procedure  was  implemented  based  on  field  explorations,  laboratory analysis and numerical modeling. Field explorations considered tests to identify carbonation, humidity, porosity, concrete hardness. While, laboratory analysis included compression test of concrete cores extracted from the building. These investigations were developed with the aim of determine the mechanical properties of buildings materials and for identifying pathologies that affects reinforced concrete. &lt;br /&gt;
The experimental data was used to elaborate a finite element model in  SAP 2000 to estimate building performance compared to the current seismic regulation in Chile.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Full document ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pdf&amp;gt;Media:Draft_Content_531359256p727.pdf&amp;lt;/pdf&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[1]  Mark  G.  Stewart,  Xiaoming  Wang,  Minh  N.  Nguyen.  Climate  change  adaptation  for  corrosion control of concrete infrastructure. Structural Safety 35 (2012) 29–39  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[2]  Seung-Jun Kwon, Ha-Won Song. Analysis of carbonation behavior in concrete using neural  network  algorithm  and  carbonation  modeling.  Cement  and  Concrete  Research  40  (2010) 119–127. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[3]  I.  Monteiro,  F.A.  Branco,  J.  de  Brito,  R.  Neves.  Statistical  analysis  of  the  carbonation coefficient in open air concrete structures. Construction and Building Materials 29 (2012) 263–269  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[4]  P.F.  Marques,  A.  Costa.  Service  life  of  RC  structures:  Carbonation  induced  corrosion. Prescriptive vs. performance-based methodologies. Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 258–265  &lt;br /&gt;
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[5]  Sang-Hun  Han,  Woo-Sun  Park,  Eun-Ik  Yang.  Evaluation  of  concrete  durability  due  to  carbonation in harbor concrete structures. Construction and Building Materials 48 (2013) 1045–1049  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[6] Anna V. Saetta, Renato V. Vitaliani. Experimental investigation and numerical modeling of  carbonation  process  in  reinforced  concrete  structures  Part  I:  Theoretical  formulation. Cement and Concrete Research 34 (2004) 571–579  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[7] H. Kuosa, R.M. Ferreira, E. Holt, M. Leivo, E. Vesikari. Effect of coupled deterioration by  freeze–thaw,  carbonation  and  chlorides  on  concrete  service  life.  Cement  &amp;amp;amp;  Concrete Composites 47 (2014) 32–40  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[8]Dodge Woodson, R. (2009). Concrete Structures: Protection, Repair and Rehabilitation.Burlington, USA: Butterworth-Heinemann imprint of Elsevier.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[9] Talakokula, S. Bhalla, R.J. Ball, C.R. Bowen, G.L. Pesce, R. Kurchania, B. Bhattacharjee,  A. Gupta, K. Paine. Diagnosis of carbonation induced corrosion initiation and progressionin  reinforced concrete structures using piezo-impedance transducers. Sensors and Actuators A  242 (2016) 79–91  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[10] Alexander Steffens, Dieter Dinkler, Hermann Ahrens. Modeling carbonation for corrosion    risk prediction of concrete structures. Cement and Concrete Research 32 (2002) 935–941  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[11]  Astroza  M.,  S.  Ruiz  and  R.  Astroza,  2012,  Damage  Assessment  and  Seismic  Intensity Analysis of the 2010 (Mw8.8) Maule Earthquake, Submitted to Earthquake Spectra.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[12] CYTED. (2006). “4ta Edición del Manual de inspección, evaluación y diagnóstico de corrosión  en  estructuras  de  hormigón  armado”.  Programa  Iberoamericano  de  ciencia  y  tecnología para el desarrollo.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[13]  Ha-Won  Song,  Seung-Jun  Kwon.  Permeability  characteristics  of  carbonated  concrete  considering capillary pore structure. Cement and Concrete Research 37 (2007) 909–915  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[14]  M.A.  Peter,  A.  Muntean,  S.A.  Meier,  M.  Böhm.  Competition  of  several  carbonation  reactions in concrete: A parametric study. Cement and Concrete Research 38 (2008) 1385–1393  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[15]  J.  Khunthongkeaw  ,  S.  Tangtermsirikul  ,  T.  Leelawat.  A  study  on  carbonation  depth prediction for fly ash concrete. Construction and Building Materials 20 (2006) 744–753.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[16]  W.  Aperador,  R.  Mejía  de  Gutiérrez,  D.M.  Bastidas.  Steel  corrosion  behaviour  in  carbonated alkali-activated slag concrete. Corrosion Science 51 (2009) 2027–2033  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[17] In-Seok Yoon, Oguzhan C- opuroglu, Ki-Bong Park. Effect of global climatic change on carbonation progress of concrete. Atmospheric Environment 41 (2007) 7274–7285  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[18] B.G. Salvoldi, H. Beushausen, M.G. Alexander. Oxygen permeability of concrete and its relation to carbonation. Construction and Building Materials 85 (2015) 30–37  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[19] Cheng-Feng Chang, Jing-Wen Chen. The experimental investigation of concrete carbonation depth. Cement and Concrete Research 36 (2006) 1760– 1767&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

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