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		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Alapide_et_al_2013a</id>
		<title>Alapide et al 2013a - Revision history</title>
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		<updated>2026-04-25T22:46:35Z</updated>
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		<title>Scipediacontent at 13:56, 21 January 2021</title>
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				<updated>2021-01-21T13:56:38Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='2' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 13:56, 21 January 2021&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This paper illustrates two different approaches for the application of Formal Methods (FM): integrated-parallel and after-the-fact. In the first approach FMs have been applied integrated and in parallel with structured methods starting from the design phase. In the second approach FMs have been applied after the whole application code had already been developed, before the delivery, to derive an abstract specification of the S/W system and verifY that the most critical properties hold. Both approaches have been adopted in the development of a real application in the domain of the Air Traffic Control, whose purpose is to predict and detect potential air conflicts. The results show that FMs can improve the quality of the software process and products. In particular the accuracy of the final documentation improves and the number of early discovered errors increases. The paper provides general guidelines for the integration of formal and structured methods and presents the documentation outline which has been defined to comment the formal specifications, in the framework of the project applicable standards: 2I67-A military standard and ESA PSS-05-0 and PSS-OI-O. Finally the paper makes an analysis of eight software quality factors, showing also the typology of the discovered errors with the two after-the-fact and integrated-parallel approaches with respect to the traditional development approaches. One conclusion is that FMs provide a real support in developing better quality software, identifYing errors, which sometimes, with traditional approaches, remain undiscovered till and after the software delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This paper illustrates two different approaches for the application of Formal Methods (FM): integrated-parallel and after-the-fact. In the first approach FMs have been applied integrated and in parallel with structured methods starting from the design phase. In the second approach FMs have been applied after the whole application code had already been developed, before the delivery, to derive an abstract specification of the S/W system and verifY that the most critical properties hold. Both approaches have been adopted in the development of a real application in the domain of the Air Traffic Control, whose purpose is to predict and detect potential air conflicts. The results show that FMs can improve the quality of the software process and products. In particular the accuracy of the final documentation improves and the number of early discovered errors increases. The paper provides general guidelines for the integration of formal and structured methods and presents the documentation outline which has been defined to comment the formal specifications, in the framework of the project applicable standards: 2I67-A military standard and ESA PSS-05-0 and PSS-OI-O. Finally the paper makes an analysis of eight software quality factors, showing also the typology of the discovered errors with the two after-the-fact and integrated-parallel approaches with respect to the traditional development approaches. One conclusion is that FMs provide a real support in developing better quality software, identifYing errors, which sometimes, with traditional approaches, remain undiscovered till and after the software delivery.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Document type: Part of book or chapter of book&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Full document ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;pdf&amp;gt;Media:Draft_Content_493318396-beopen929-5371-document.pdf&amp;lt;/pdf&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l15&quot; &gt;Line 15:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 10:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27 http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27],&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;* [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-34869-8_27],&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: [https://www.scipedia.com/public/Alapide_et_al_2013a https://www.scipedia.com/public/Alapide_et_al_2013a],&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot;&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;: [https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2119741180 https://academic.microsoft.com/#/detail/2119741180]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Alapide_et_al_2013a&amp;diff=175755&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Scipediacontent: Scipediacontent moved page Draft Content 493318396 to Alapide et al 2013a</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Alapide_et_al_2013a&amp;diff=175755&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2020-10-14T14:04:40Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Scipediacontent moved page &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Draft_Content_493318396&quot; class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; title=&quot;Draft Content 493318396&quot;&gt;Draft Content 493318396&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;/public/Alapide_et_al_2013a&quot; title=&quot;Alapide et al 2013a&quot;&gt;Alapide et al 2013a&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan='1' style=&quot;background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:04, 14 October 2020&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan='2' style='text-align: center;' lang='en'&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mw-diff-empty&quot;&gt;(No difference)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Alapide_et_al_2013a&amp;diff=175754&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Scipediacontent: Created page with &quot; == Abstract ==  This paper illustrates two different approaches for the application of Formal Methods (FM): integrated-parallel and after-the-fact. In the first approach FMs...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.scipedia.com/wd/index.php?title=Alapide_et_al_2013a&amp;diff=175754&amp;oldid=prev"/>
				<updated>2020-10-14T14:04:37Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot; == Abstract ==  This paper illustrates two different approaches for the application of Formal Methods (FM): integrated-parallel and after-the-fact. In the first approach FMs...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Abstract ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This paper illustrates two different approaches for the application of Formal Methods (FM): integrated-parallel and after-the-fact. In the first approach FMs have been applied integrated and in parallel with structured methods starting from the design phase. In the second approach FMs have been applied after the whole application code had already been developed, before the delivery, to derive an abstract specification of the S/W system and verifY that the most critical properties hold. Both approaches have been adopted in the development of a real application in the domain of the Air Traffic Control, whose purpose is to predict and detect potential air conflicts. The results show that FMs can improve the quality of the software process and products. In particular the accuracy of the final documentation improves and the number of early discovered errors increases. The paper provides general guidelines for the integration of formal and structured methods and presents the documentation outline which has been defined to comment the formal specifications, in the framework of the project applicable standards: 2I67-A military standard and ESA PSS-05-0 and PSS-OI-O. Finally the paper makes an analysis of eight software quality factors, showing also the typology of the discovered errors with the two after-the-fact and integrated-parallel approaches with respect to the traditional development approaches. One conclusion is that FMs provide a real support in developing better quality software, identifYing errors, which sometimes, with traditional approaches, remain undiscovered till and after the software delivery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Document type: Part of book or chapter of book&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Full document ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;pdf&amp;gt;Media:Draft_Content_493318396-beopen929-5371-document.pdf&amp;lt;/pdf&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Original document ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The different versions of the original document can be found in:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-0-387-34869-8_27.pdf]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Scipediacontent</name></author>	</entry>

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