Scipedia: Gaceta Técnica

Editorial: Greater visibility of Gaceta Técnica journal

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:25:13 +0100

Editorial: Greater visibility of Gaceta Técnica journal

Correlation between the dynamic cone penetrometer and the California support relationship in the field for the sub-rasant floor of the Portoviejo-Manta road

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:25:16 +0100

The Portoviejo – Manta road is a main land communication artery in the province of Manabí in Ecuador, a fundamental axis in the country's economic, social and tourism development. The decentralized autonomous government of the province of Manabí based on studies proposes an extension of the four existing lanes to six; for this, a comprehensive analysis involving a traffic, geological and geotechnical study is important. Given that this province at superficial levels presents a uniform clay formation, the present investigation evaluates the conditions of the track support terrain, proposing two dynamic cone penetrometer methods and the California support ratio, examining at the same time if the correlation between them exists. Standardized field and laboratory work was carried out over a length of 35 kilometers with paired tests every 500,00 m. The data obtained from the field and laboratory were processed and analyzed using statistical linear regression methods, validated through hypothesis testing and significance of the p-value. At first, a direct correlation was obtained between both methods and an equation with a correlation value of 0,80, with a significance of 7,246x10-5. A second multiple regression equation was carried out in which correlation values were obtained between the methods, plus the physical parameters of the soil of 0,82 and its corresponding p-value of 0,0091, thus validating the reliability of the results.

Calculation and design of a railway bridge section of metallic structure in El Vigía, Mérida state

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:25:09 +0100

This paper refers to the design and calculation of a 30,00 m section of metal beam, for a proposed railway bridge in the city of El Vigía, capital of the Alberto Adriani Municipality of Mérida State, Venezuela. The location of the bridge corresponds approximately to a route proposed by the State Railway Institute, Maracaibo Lake Route, in the National Railway Plan. The calculation hypothesis was made using simply supported beams, however the CSI Bridge 2017 calculation tool was used. The design of the beam section was carried out using the AASHTO LRFD 2014 standard, the analysis considerations loads and combinations were based on AREMA 2004. The freight train was the AREMA COOPER E-80, which is the most common idealized locomotive in the analysis. Other designed elements were the concrete slab, elastomeric supports, diaphragms or separators and stiffeners. The design of a 30,00 m section of metal beam of section I of 1.70 m high was obtained with sheets of 5.00 cm thick at the core and 10,00 cm for each wing, with a width 80,00 cm, all in A36 steel. The slab placed was 30,00 cm thick and 250 kg/cm2 concrete.

Review: The construction camera introduce BIM in barquisimeto

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:25:03 +0100

In November 2019, the Lara State Construction Camera promoted two activities related to the introduction of Building Information Modeling BIM methodology. The first one, the workshop “BIM Three letters that will transform the construction industry”. The second one with the conference "BIM the methodology that changes the professional DNA of engineers, architects and builders" with very good acceptance by professionals related to the construction area of the State. These activities aim to sow interest in the academia, engineers, architects, urban planners and builders, in adapting to the advances that are being presented in the sector, in the search to be much more competitive and to be on par with the professionals of others countries.

Study of qualitative seismic vulnerability in armed concrete educational institutions in the Falcón State

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:25:07 +0100

The methodology for calculating the Prioritization Index for the Management of Seismic Risk in existing Buildings, came out as a result of the poor performance of structures that during the Cariaco 1997 earthquake, and the 1967 Caracas earthquake where the buildings collapsed, despite their apparent good state of conservation. In the case of four structures analyzed in this research, the Agustín Ocando Prosper School, the Agua Salobre Basic Bolivarian School, the Agustín Ocando Prosperous High School, and the Las Delicias Initial Education Center, these reinforced concrete buildings are located in the coastal zone of the Falcón State, in Venezuela, under the influence of the aggressive marine environment, and in the presence of the San Sebastian tectonic fault. The evaluation was carried out by applying the qualitative method of the Priority Index for Seismic Risk Management, verifying that the structures of the Agustín Ocando Prosperous School have a medium to high average vulnerability, however it is recommended to conduct detailed studies in modules 1 and 2 that have a very high frequency rating. For the Agua Salobre Bolivarian Basic School, the vulnerability index, corresponding to module 1, is medium high and the other group its classification is medium low; in Liceo Próspero Agustín Ocando modules 1 and 3 have a medium-high risk index and modules 1 and 3 are high. The Center of Initial Education Las Delicias, has the average risk index medium to low.

Sensitivity analysis of the hydrological and hydraulic parameters of the SWMM model and its application in urban drainage systems

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 09:55:57 +0100

Simulation models are widely used for the design and management of urban drainage systems, such as the SWMM Stormwater Management Model. However, the quality of its results is directly related to the quality of the data provided, since an incorrect estimate of these may lead to a different behavior than expected in the real case. There is uncertainty in many hydrological and hydraulic input parameters of the model, since most of them are estimated and there are no measured data to calibrate it. In this work a sensitivity analysis is carried out to various parameters to detect the most influential in the simulation of urban drainage systems. It consisted of locally varying each of the parameters and assessing their influence on the variation of the flows and maximum levels at a point in the Copacoa Urbanization, Palavecino municipality of the Lara State, Venezuela. From the results obtained, it is concluded that for simulations of urban watersheds where impervious areas predominate, the least sensitive method for the generation of the rain hietrogram is that of alternate blocks, while the one with the greatest variability is the triangular hietrogram. Regarding the basin component, the most sensitive parameters are the percentage of impermeable area, the slope of the basin and the Manning coefficient assigned to the impermeable area. In relation to the duct, the Manning coefficient parameter also presented an appreciable sensitivity, but of a lesser magnitude compared to those obtained for the basin component.

Review: Course in structural engineering. Regional center for technological developments for construction, seismology and seismic engineering CeDeReTec

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 13 Feb 2020 10:00:03 +0100

This is the review of the Structural Engineering Update course carried out at the Regional Center for Technological Developments for Seismology and Seismic Engineering Construction (CeDeReTec, Mendoza, Argentina) at the end of the year 2019. The presentations are shown and also reports on the activities carried out within the framework of the Project “Destructive Potential Generated by the Earthquake of Ecuador of April 16, 2016” are reported.

Editorial

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 08 Oct 2020 22:28:16 +0200

Analysis of traffic congestion for the improvement of a main road in Guayaquil-Ecuador

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 08 Oct 2020 22:28:06 +0200

In Guayaquil-Ecuador, Av. Pedro Menéndez Gilbert is a main road with a designed capacity of 9000 vehicles/h, currently presenting traffic congestion problems, which affects its users. In order to propose possible solutions to the mobility problem, the research carried out aimed to analyze alternatives that would improve the level of service. The data collection method consisted of observation, with fieldwork at the entrance and exit intersections of a 900-m-long section. Manual counts and vehicle categorization were carried out for one week, as well as counting the distribution times of the traffic lights. The intersections were characterized in their geometry, traffic flows and traffic light system. Based on a previous study, a 5-year increase from 135,170 vehicles to 190,424 vehicles was projected. It was found that the main causes of congestion are the distribution of the alternating times of the signal cycle, and the blockage that occurs by the Metrovía feeder and collector buses. It is concluded that the main solution is the updating and proper adjustment of the traffic light system, as well as the opening of a pre-existing exit road, prior to the intersection, and control of the blockage produced by the Metrovía units.

Assessment of displacements in reinforced concrete buildings for the operation of 5G antennas in Chile

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 08 Oct 2020 22:28:09 +0200

The imminent emergence of 5G networks in the Chilean telecommunications market has made it essential to anticipate the possible imbalances that these could reach when any of the earthquakes that repeatedly strike the country occurs. To do this, a methodology based on conventional linear elastic analysis, both spectral modal and time-history, has been formulated to estimate the induced displacements for two different levels of strong ground movements, based on seismic records obtained in the subduction zone. The results obtained have served to obtain fairly adjusted analytical expressions, formulated from a single system variable, the height of the level, so that they can be used to quickly estimate the lateral displacements of the 5G antennas that will be networked, by personnel who has no training in structural dynamics, but who will be in charge of making the adjustments in the 5G network nodes.

Proposal of a special urban plan for the Macrosector zone in the Center of Barquisimeto, Lara State

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 08 Oct 2020 22:28:02 +0200

This article is about the elaboration of a special plan for a zone of the Macrosector Center of Barquisimeto, derived from a situational analysis of the urban structure, social organization, resident population, roads and requirements of urban equipment. Elements of both traditional and strategic planning were combined in a complementary way. In order to create an urban, organized, planned and sustainable space, where the needs and requirements of its inhabitants are covered in the economic, social and cultural aspects, and where their rights and duties as citizens are promoted both today and in the course of the next ten years. The proposed strategic guidelines seek to promote the execution of the action program over time and identifying the public, private or social organizations that will lead each action. This study ends with a proposal that is specified in two housing projects in accordance with the urban environment and current urban regulations.

Proposal for Barquisimeto´s historical center´s connectivity with other sectors of the city

Luisa Casadei — Thu, 08 Oct 2020 22:28:13 +0200

A series of urban proposals is presented below, designed to connect the historic center of the city of Barquisimeto in Venezuela, with other sectors of the city. Large buildings where different legislative, administrative and judicial bodies of the Lara State operate in an area surround Works of great architectural and historical value dating from the 19th century stand out, with touches of modernity since it. The proposals involved correspond to the design of super blocks, a network of bicycle lanes, a university transportation system called UCLA University Route, and a large historical library. All this in order to achieve connectivity not only from a spatial point of view through mobility systems, but also through the emotional connection of the citizen to that sector, achieving that attachment or sense of belonging.