Scipedia: Documents published in 2023

Transfer Function Estimation with a Numerical Harmonic Probing Algorithm

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:57:38 +0200

Design of W2P Platform and Numerical Tools Used within FibreGy

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:57:11 +0200

Methodology for the design review of composite parts of floating offshore platforms

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:56:49 +0200

FRP Offshore Structure Connections Optimization and Validation by Classification Society standards

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:56:34 +0200

Development of a methodology to generate a digital twin of a floating offshore wind turbine platform

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:56:19 +0200

A Study on Seven-bladed Propeller for High-speed Ships by CFD

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:55:59 +0200

Assessment of Emission Reduction and Fuel Savings using Ship Speed Optimization in Realistic Weather Conditions

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:45:00 +0200

In this work, our objective is to quantify emission reductions using speed optimization considering a realistic ship route and a broad range of weather conditions. Two representative bulk carriers have been selected for the analysis. An optimization algorithm has been used to minimize voyage fuel consumption while completing the voyage on or before the expected arrival time. A constraint on engine power has been used for realistic estimates of achievable ship speeds in different weather conditions considering the available engine power. Multiple voyages at different ship speeds and in different seasons have been simulated with and without speed optimization to observe the effect of these factors on emission reduction. The effect of wind and waves on engine power has been considered by calculating wind and wave resistance along with propeller efficiency as a function of advance coefficients. Up to 11% reduction in fuel consumption was obtained by optimizing speed as compared to the constant speed profile. It was observed that a significant amount of fuel could be saved especially in seasons with a higher likelihood of heavy weather. Variation in fuel savings in different seasons has been discussed in the context of metocean conditions experienced in the selected months. Additionally, higher fuel savings were obtained for lower average ship speed which means speed reduction combined with speed optimization has greater potential to reduce emissions. Realistic estimates of fuel savings in a range of operating conditions presented in this paper would help ship owners, operators, and policymakers to assess the benefits of speed optimization among other technologies to decarbonize the shipping industry.

System Modelling and Design Optimization of Wind Sails Under Different Sea and Wind Conditions

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:44:42 +0200

Large scale 3D Lattice Boltzmann method for coastal flows: Schematic case of the Eastern English Channel

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:44:29 +0200

Steps Towards the Direct Simulation of Submerged Canopy Flows

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:44:14 +0200

Towards Reliable Performance Predictions for Stommel's Perpetual Salt Fountain

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Thu, 22 Jun 2023 09:43:54 +0200

Artificial Upwelling (AU) of nutrient-rich Deep Ocean Water (DOW) to the ocean’s sunlit surface layer is currently being investigated as a way of increasing the ecosystem productivity and enhancing the natural CO2 uptake of the ocean. AU is thus considered a marine Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) option (GESAMP, 2019) in addition to its potential in the context of open ocean fish and macroalgae farming (Kirke, 2003; Wu et al., 2023). A promising technical concept for AU was described by the oceanographer Stommel et al. (1956). Stommel proposed that the counteracting effects of typical open ocean temperature and salinity depth profiles on density can be utilized to drive a self-sustaining upwelling flow in a vertical ocean pipe. He termed this effect the ”perpetual salt fountain”. Despite several research efforts, none of the previous studies were able to reliably predict or demonstrate the potential of Stommel Upwelling Pipes (SUP)s. The growing interest in AU in light of current CDR research poses the need for reliable performance prediction methods and further development of Stommel’s concept. To fill this gap, two models have been developed in the present work. A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model and a one-dimensional numerical model. While the RANS model enables detailed modeling of the heat transfer and flow phenomena, the onedimensional numerical model allows for fast evaluation of simplified geometries for optimization and large-scale studies. This twofold approach allows for effective performance predictions while ensuring good reliability of the results. The present work shows the results of a number of studies, performed for different geometries and environmental conditions. The results of both models are compared and analyzed, and the respective potential is demonstrated. The presented results provide insight into some key aspects of the performance of SUPs and their potential for AU.

Multi-Scale Euler-Lagrange Approach to Assess Cavitation Erosion in Hydrodynamic Flows

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:08:11 +0200

Numerical Investigation of Cavitation Bubble Dynamics Between Oblique Plates

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:07:56 +0200

Numerical Study of Cavitation on a Ship Propeller in Regular Waves of Different Headings

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:07:00 +0200

Numerical Study of Ultrasound-Driven Bubble Collapse and Solid Deformation

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:05:58 +0200

As ships operate under sea wave conditions most of time, it is desirable to consider the wave effect on propeller performance and cavitation safety in the propeller design process. In this work, unsteady cavitation simulations are carried out on a five-bladed propeller of KRISO container ship in calm water and regular waves of five different headings. Bare-hull simulations are made for estimating nominal hull wake fields by URANS solver. Cavitation simulations are made on the propeller and rudder by DES with a cavitation model and an Eulerian multiphase flow model. Nominal hull wake is numerically modelled in cavitation simulations as a propeller inflow instead of including a hull model. The maximum cavity area on the suction side of the blade is increased by 19 – 32% for beam, stern-quartering and following sea waves compared to calm water mostly due to the stronger axial hull wake. As the sheet cavity is more extended, tip vortex cavitation is intensified especially for stern-quartering and following waves. The maximum cavity area is on a similar level with less than 3% differences for head and bow waves as for calm water. The CFD investigation shows that hull wake differs depending on the wave direction and it can lead to significant changes in cavitation safety.

A Multi-scale Methodology to Assess the Cavitation Erosion Risk on a Twisted Hydrofoil

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:05:25 +0200

The aim of the current paper is to evaluate the cavitation erosion on a Delft twisted hydrofoil using a coupled Euler-Lagrange methodology. The transport equation modelling approach is introduced to handle the macroscopic liquid-vapor mixture, which is regarded as a homogeneous continuum. The Keller-Herring equation and bubble motion equation are used to track the bubble's dynamics and trajectory. A two-way coupling method is employed to describe the interaction between the mixture and bubbles. A newly developed Lagrangian erosion model is used to assess the cavitation erosion on the hydrofoil. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental test data. The statistical results reveal the evolution characteristics of cavitation erosion. The relationship between macroscopic cavitation structure and potential erosion sensitive zone indicates the cavitation erosion intensity at different stages of cloud cavitation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanism of cavitation damage from a multi-scale perspective.

Model to Full Scale Numerical Considerations and Analysis

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:05:08 +0200

Accurate Evaluation for Low-Carbon Shipping Using Wave Hindcast Database

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 14:03:41 +0200

Hydrodynamic study of a bioinspired Underwater vehicle by CFD

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:59:35 +0200

Optimisation of ship form based on seakeeping behaviour using Machine Learning

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:57:36 +0200

On the Use of Artificial Intelligence to Define Tank Transfer Functions

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:54:18 +0200

Prediction of Aerodynamic Performance for Multiple Flettner Rotors on the Oil Tanker using Deep Learning Methodology

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:50:17 +0200

Combining deep reinforcement learning and computational fluid dynamics for efficient navigation in turbulent flows

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:46:26 +0200

Seakeeping optimization of bulbous bow vessels through genetic algorithms

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:43:35 +0200

A Generalized Reinforcement Learning Based Controller for Course-keeping of Ships in Waves

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:40:31 +0200

On the Use of AIS and Meteorological Data to Identify Adrift Ships and Extrapolate their Drift Characteristics

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:37:38 +0200

Parametric roll prediction based on Machine Learning strategies

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:33:39 +0200

Development of a demonstrator for predicting the operation of unmanned vehicles on naval platforms

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 21 Jun 2023 13:30:26 +0200

The "System for Predicting the Operation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles on Naval Platforms" (SPOVENT) project aims to determine the studies and developments necessary to obtain and characterise the data required to predict ship movements in waves in real time and, therefore, to be able to predict the optimum windows for recovering/landing UAVs. The project was developed in two phases: the objective of the first one was the identification of the available technology applicable to the prediction of the 3D vessel motions during its operation plus the determination of maximum vessel motion limits in order to carry out the capture of UAVs in safe conditions; then came the development of two algorithms to predict the movements of the vessel depending on the waves that it will encounter during its navigation. After the completion of these initial phases, the validation and evaluation of the algorithms developed is carried out, followed by the development of the SPOVENT demonstrator, implementing the algorithm with best results. To determine the algorithm which best predicts the time windows in which the UAV will be able to operate, the following evaluation and validation criteria are established: accuracy of the prediction of the operation windows, range of application, input data required for its correct operation, possibility of adaptation to different types of vessels and required calculation time. Once the algorithm to be implemented in the demonstrator has been selected, a computer application is developed that shows the user the time windows to perform these operations with adequate safety. The design of the application ensures that user intervention is minimal, considering the operating conditions on a ship, including easy-to-read indicators and easily accessible buttons. Additionally, the demonstrator will be a tool to evaluate the operational criteria (STANAG) of different missions during navigation, by means of the ship's movement variables registered by an IMU sensor

The Art of Pouring and Serving Belgian Beer: Tips and Tricks

poonam sinha — Thu, 15 Jun 2023 14:24:03 +0200

Belgian beer is made using an brewing method that results in unique flavours & textures that can only be appreciated when properly served.

Single Cell Characterization of Multiple Myeloma Driver Genes Using a Machine Learning Approach

Brandon Kim — Fri, 09 Jun 2023 03:21:04 +0200

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal cell cancer characterized by excessive cell division of plasma cells in the bone marrow, which can then overcrowd healthy cells. As a result, end organ damage to kidneys, bones, and the liver occurs. The worldwide incidence of MM amounted to 160,000 cases in 2018 and 106,000 patients have succumbed to the disease. MM is diagnosed relatively well by detecting M monoclonal protein produced from cancerous cells, yet mortality rates remain high because there is a lack of a specific treatment. By identifying upregulated genes found in malignant plasma cells, scientists can develop new and stronger therapies tailored to potential driver genes. This study takes a novel machine learning approach to identify driver genes of MM. A single-cell RNA sequencing dataset obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus containing data from 29,367 plasma cells and 22,088 genes was utilized in this study. This study evaluated the performance of three machine learning models: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), with RF achieving the highest accuracy of 95.61%.To name a few genes, the models identified ANKRD28 and HLA-DPA1 as potential driver genes that have been cross-validated with previous literature. Notably, the models identified RP5-1171I10.5–a gene not yet established to be associated with multiple myeloma which shows potential to be further studied for research. These genes show potential to be further studied for specific targeted genetic therapy.

Application of Piezoelectrics to Solar Cells to Optimize Energy Harvesting Abilities via Exposure to Varying Weather Conditions

Manav Gupta — Fri, 09 Jun 2023 02:11:16 +0200

There exists a great demand to utilize renewable energy sources instead of burning fossil fuels. Currently, power conversion efficiency of domestic solar cells is 23.6%, and further improvements are necessary. Furthermore, real-world domestic solar panels show an efficiency of just about 15 percent. Combining piezoelectric strips (harnessing vibrational energy) and solar cells can potentially enhance power generation and efficiency. Solar cells and piezoelectric strips were exposed to simulated sun, rain, and wind, and tilting angles (0o-75o), to determine optimal power output. Solar cells were tested within an enclosed testing chamber with a 100W Halogen bulb as a light source simulating the sun (30.48cm from the cells). Power generation remained constant during the trials with and without piezoelectric strips, producing 10.0 mW and 10.2 mW, respectively. To simulate wind, a fan was utilized at 8.9m/s, 8.0m/s, and 7.2m/s. When assessing wind, 8.9m/s (0o) produced the highest power (0.36mW) in comparison to 7.2m/s (0.3mW). To simulate rain, a peristaltic-pump (10mL/min and 25mL/min) dispersed water droplets onto piezoelectric strips for testing. High water droplet (diameter=1.0 cm) speed produced the highest power in comparison to low speeds, 0.058mW and 0.053mW respectively. Mixed condition testing produced 10.3 mW, an 8.3% increase in comparison to solar alone, showcasing that piezoelectric strips can effectively be implemented in conjunction with solar cells. In order to maximize power output with this combined setup, areas with higher annual rainfall and wind speeds could benefit the most.

PEDESTRIAN PERFORMANCE ON MID-BLOCK CROSSINGS USING A ROAD INFORMATION ASSISTANCE SYSTEM IN A VIRTUAL REALITY EXPERIMENT

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:52:53 +0200

The increase in crash-related pedestrian fatalities, primarily in urban streets, has promoted the development of technological innovations to mitigate this global problem. This article presents the results of an experiment that used virtual reality technology to study the performance of pedestrians at mid-block crossings of urban streets and the impact of a Road Information Assistance System [RIAS]. The RIAS was simulated as a handheld device that displays warning symbols or a combination of symbols and real-time information about the vehicles approaching the crosswalk to assist pedestrians in making the crossing decision. The experiment simulated a connected urban environment that can receive and transmit data from sensors in the infrastructure, vehicles, and pedestrians [via the RIAS]. The study evaluated the walking speeds, the vehicle gaps selected to cross the street, and the number of successful crossing events with no collisions. Three groups of twelve subjects [no RIAS, simple RIAS, and complex RIAS] were selected. The age and gender of the subjects, as well as the RIAS type used to cross the street, had significant effects on the average walking speed. The distributions of the average gap accepted by each of the three groups, based on the RIAS type, were statistically different. The group that used the RIAS device displaying symbols only had the worst performance and the highest average gap accepted when crossing the street.

STATE OF PRACTICE IN NATURE-BASED/INSPIRED SOLUTIONS FOR COASTAL EROSION

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:42:55 +0200

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are imperative now, in view of the resulting effects of climate change and man-made alterations in coastal areas. The perspective to address coastal solutions may not be possible to be limited exclusively to ecological solutions. This article, based on a literature review, focuses on hybrid solutions for coastal erosion control. The review highlights examples from around the World that can be applied to islands, having Puerto Rico (PR) as a typical scenario. It presents a summary of how gray infrastructure commonly applied in the past decades can be re-designed and adapted to integrate natural solutions. This article provides significant facts about the merits of structural, ecological, and economical aspects that should be considered on NbS projects. This article helps understand the state of practice and possible solutions that can be implemented, especially, in tropical and sub-tropical regions.

SEISMIC SOIL PRESSURES ON EMBEDDED WALLS WITH VARYING STIFFNESS AND CONTACT CONDITIONS

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:31:08 +0200

This article evaluates how the seismic pressures developed in embedded walls are affected by different wall stiffness and various contact soil-wall conditions. Several two-dimensional numerical models of an embedded wall-soil system were developed in Abaqus® by varying the wall stiffness. One model considered the wall as very rigid with a large modulus of elasticity and the other one considered the wall as flexible with original modulus of elasticity. Wall heights of 10, 20 and 30 meters were considered on the models to obtain different wall stiffness. The contact between the soil and the wall is modified by changing the friction coefficient between 0 to 0.75. The response of the soil is validated using 1D nonlinear site response analyses. The analyses are performed using records that match a narrow-band modified target spectrum for a moment magnitude of 7.70. The results show that the rigid walls developed larger seismic pressures than the flexible walls when subjected to the same earthquake records. The seismic soil pressures in the rigid walls do not change considerably by varying the contact condition between the soil and wall. Changes in the friction coefficient have a major impact on the seismic pressure distributions on flexible walls.

REFLECTIONS ON THE DESIGN OF STEEL POLES FOR TRANSMISSION LINES IN MEXICO

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:20:24 +0200

The use of steel poles as support structures for lines in Mexico has increased in the last 30 years, mainly due to the increase in urban and suburban sprawl that demand less right of way for this type of infrastructure and less space for their foundations. To fulfill these requirements, numerous studies have been carried out related to dielectric sizing, optimization of the distance between phases to reduce electrical losses, wind hazard associated with the cable-insulator-hardware-structure-foundation system, structural design criteria based on reliability, natural-scale mechanical tests, among others. This article presents some reflections related to the different stages of the design of metal poles for transmission lines, from input data to structural designs, following the criteria of the Mexican electrical industry for a 230 kV pole, 2 circuits, located in Mexicali, B.C.

CONTRIBUTIONS AND INNOVATIONS IN THE GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE OF THE SOILS ENGINEERING OFFICE OF THE PUERTO RICO HIGHWAYS AND TRANSPORTATION AUTHORITY

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:11:58 +0200

The Puerto Rico Soil Engineering Office (OIS) was founded in 1975 and is currently under the Design Area of the Highway and Transportation Authority (ACT). In its foundation, the SEO was composed of a Soils Engineering Division and a Geology Division. Its main function was the subsoil exploration for the geotechnical structures designed and constructed by the PRHTA. Over time, the functions of the SEO evolved while soil engineering and rock engineering were evolving. Today, the SEO continues to attend to inquiries during projects’ design and construction phases. Additionally, the SEO attends several geotechnical initiatives like Geotechnical Asset Management and Unstable Slope Management. This article presents the contributions and innovations in the practice of geotechnical engineering that the OIS has attended and has had a leading role with emphasis on new analyzes and equipment that meet state and federal requirements and current codes that have potential to be implemented in geographic areas in the Caribbean and Latin America with similar geotechnical and geological characteristics.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SMART CITIES BASED ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 22:03:49 +0200

Cities have become much more complex, and public agencies are facing increasing challenges to provide efficient and inclusive services to the community. Cities are highly dependent on civil infrastructure and the technologies adopted for the management of public services including transportation, energy, security, water resources, first aid, and supply chain systems. The Smart City concept is interdisciplinary in nature and represents a new way of managing civil infrastructure by identifying problems with the support of advanced technologies. Within this concept, it is necessary to model various scenarios and analyze potential outcomes to seek the best solution for the situations raised. However, the technological components are insufficient by themselves if they do not allow interaction among the parties involved in the management process. In this context, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a tool that can improve collaboration and communication among the parties involved in the management of civil infrastructure in a city. This article describes a humanistic concept of a Smart City with emphasis on the quality of life and the role of education in its development and sustainability, integrating modern technology for an efficient interaction of health, transportation, public safety, energy, building management subsystems, among others. These interconnected subsystems must provide the services to sustain the quality of life of citizens. In this humanistic approach, practice of civic values has a fundamental role in the responsible use of resources and technological tools to transform a city into a smart one.

COMPARATIVE STRESS ANALYSIS OF ELBOWS IN PIPING SYSTEMS APPLYING THE NORMATIVE SAFETY MARGIN

Benjamin Colucci — Thu, 08 Jun 2023 21:55:28 +0200

Elbows are components in piping systems whose primary function is to achieve a change in flow direction. Their study is relevant, since they present higher stress levels than those observed in straight sections. Early investigations determined that this effect is caused by the ovalization effect and the presence of external moments. The capacity of a cross section to ovalize when external loads are applied results in increased flexibility of the elbows by decreasing the moment of inertia compared to a straight pipe. In this work, stress levels in elbows caused by external moments and internal pressure are studied. As a case study, a series of elbows of various diameters and thicknesses with suitable characteristics for understanding the phenomenon of ovalization and the comparison of different calculation methodologies is proposed. The stresses obtained by applying the ASME B31.1 and ASME B31.3 codes are compared with those obtained by a numerical model of finite elements, through a novel indicator called the Normative Safety Margin. This indicator considers the admissible stresses established by the specifications for the materials of the accessories. Applying B31.1 Code, higher normative safety margins are obtained than those obtained with B31.3. For the entire series under study and all types of applied loads, lower normative safety margins were obtained when the accessories are more flexible.

Smart manufacturing approach for developing shipyard 4.0 strategy.

Andrés Rodríguez Antuñano — Mon, 05 Jun 2023 10:12:04 +0200

TSI is currently, among other activities, developing and managing smart manufacturing in the framework of the FIBRE4YARDS project, which has as one of its main objectives to increase the production capacity of shipyards for ships made of composite materials through the implementation of highly automated methods and the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. Within the project, several demonstrators of different parts of a catamaran and a patrol boat will be built using new manufacturing processes that will have the industry 4.0 philosophy implemented. For this, TSI has designed and built 6 monitoring systems, one for each manufacturing process, and collaborated in the development of the IoT platform for the Shipyard4.0. The objective of TSI is to improve the knowledge of the state of the manufacturing processes and to visualise in real time the parameters of interest of the different manufacturing processes.

This research has been carried out in the framework of the FIBRE4YARDS project, composed of relevant stakeholders from the shipbuilding and FRP sectors. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 101006860.

Optimal motion planning of hopping robot based on pseudospectral method during flight phase

Yingge Ni — Mon, 05 Jun 2023 08:47:13 +0200

The energy optimal motion planning of a hopping robot with three links is investigated in the flight phase. Firstly, the conservation equation of angular momentum of the hopping robot in the flight phase is established which is a nonholonomic constraint. Then the energy consumption of the robot in the flight phase is selected as the optimization goal. Given the initial and terminal positions, the Gaussian pseudospectrum method is used to solve the optimal control problem. The simulation results show that the initial angular momentum has a great influence on the performance of the hopping robot. With the zero initial angular momentum, although the flight time can be selected arbitrarily, the greater the flight time, the smaller the energy consumption, the force required by the robot is greater. Thus, it is necessary to select an appropriate value.

Discussion of “Explicit Solution for Pipe Diameter Problem Using Lambert W-Function”

Dejan Brkić — Wed, 31 May 2023 17:14:03 +0200

A graph based deep learning technology application in degenerative polyarthritis associated genes prediction

Zhenggeng Qu — Mon, 29 May 2023 15:41:03 +0200

Degenerative polyarthritis is the most common joint disease and affects millions of people worldwide. However, there is currently no cure for degenerative polyarthritis and no effective methods to prevent or slow down its progression. Gene regulatory relationships are vital for understanding disease mechanisms and developing treatment and novel drugs. Gene regulatory networks can be obtained from the RNA sequencing. Although various single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data are available, an effective method to integrate the data for molecular diagnosis and treatment of degenerative polyarthritis has not yet been carried out. Here, we propose a novel deep learning-based method to efficiently capture the gene regulatory features of degenerative polyarthritis. First, we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing data-based gene regulatory network to model the gene regulatory relationships between genes and transcription factors as node feature aggregation. Second, we propose a graph convolutional model named dpTF-GCN on gene regulatory graph to transmit and update the node feature for potential associated genes predicting. According to the results, dpTF-GCN achieved the best performance among represented network-based methods. Furthermore, case studies suggest that dpTF-GCN can identify potential associated genes accurately. Our research not only provides theoretical and methodological support for the study of degenerative polyarthritis, but also provides a research case for the application of graph neural network-based identification of associated genes in other diseases.

Thermoset prepreg materials to act as local thermal barrier for the main CFRP structural laminate

Carlos Saleiro — Mon, 29 May 2023 14:27:02 +0200

Carbon fibre polymer composites (CFRP) are widely used in the aeronautical industry thanks of their excellent properties. However, they also have some limitations mainly due to the polymeric nature of their matrix. One of the most significant is their poor resistance to high temperatures

The Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Root Extract on Parkinson Inflicted Caenorhabditis elegans

Jun Lin — Sat, 27 May 2023 23:29:03 +0200

The effect of Astragalus membranaceus on Caenorhabditis elegans was assessed in this experiment. Parkinson’s Disease directly causes dopamine depletion and other related symptoms. Astragalus contains complex carbohydrates linked to dopamine neuron protection, which could be used to treat Parkinson’s. In this experiment, C.elegans inflicted with Parkinson’s were treated with different concentrations of Astragalus. C.elegans are free-living nematodes that can be genetically engineered to model or stimulate various diseases caused by genetics, Parkinson’s being one of them. The concentrations of astragalus solution were 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, and 8 mg/mL, which were added to the agar that the C.elegans inhabited. Mechanosensory tests included tap reflex and gentle and harsh touch assessment. M9 Buffer was used to inhibit the egg-laying behaviors of C.elegans, and the thrashing rate was assessed for each group. The results indicate that 4 mg/mL is the optimal concentration to treat disease-inflicted C.elegans and had the best results out of the 3 trials. The 4 mg/mL group constantly had the highest tap reflex, gentle, and harsh touch scores that were similar or greater than the wild-type control group. Additionally, the 2 mg/mL also had high scores in trials 2 and 3 in both the gentle and harsh touch assessments. No definite conclusions can be determined from thrashing rate data. The results imply that lower and intermediate concentrations of Astragalus may treat the symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease.

Surrogate Models of Geometrically Parameterized Flow Systems

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:16:24 +0200

Adaptive mixed isogeometric analysis of a highly convective benchmark problem for the Boussinesq equations

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:16:08 +0200

High Continuity Basis’s Impact on Continuous Global L2 (CGL2) Recovery

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:15:51 +0200

Generating Near-Optimal Meshes Using Green AI

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:15:33 +0200

Adaptive and Parallel Local Mesh Generation Method and its Application

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:15:21 +0200

Goal-Oriented Mesh Adaptation based on Optimization Approaches

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:15:07 +0200

Dimensionality reduction and physics-based manifold learning for parametric models in biomechanics and tissue engineering

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:14:37 +0200

Enforcing boundary conditions for finite elements in problems requiring continuity higher than C⁰

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:14:27 +0200

Fast Simulation of Wheel-Rail Contact Using Proper Generalized Decomposition

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 11:14:04 +0200

A ”ROM+DDCM” framework for thermo-mechanical simulations

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:56:17 +0200

Relaxation of an over-constrained thermal problem for the determination of a geophysical temperature distribution

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:56:06 +0200

A Reduced Order Approximation for Identification of Non-linear Material Parameters using Optimal Control Method

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:55:55 +0200

Assessment of tailings dams using Model Order Reduction

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:55:41 +0200

SEC4TD Project To Improve the Safety of Tailings Storage Facilities

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:55:30 +0200

Tailings storage facilities (TSFs) are structures designed to contain tailings (a byproduct of extracting valuable minerals and metals from mined ore) and to manage associated water. Despite all the data collected and a basic understanding of the mechanisms resulting in tailings dam failures, these large structures have consistently failed over the past 50 years, causing human and economic losses and huge environmental consequences to ecosystems and local communities. Therefore, the day-to-day management of these structures is a very challenging task. One needs to focus not only on keeping the tailings discharge plan but also on the construction (the constantly raised embankments) and the structural safety of the TSFs. The operational controls comprise inspections, surveys, installation of the monitoring instrumentations, interpretation of the monitoring readings, and safety analysis of the structure. The article presents the SEC4TD project as a tool to assist the engineering and management staff in day-to-day operations related to keeping the safety of the facility structure.

Goal-Oriented Adaptive Finite Element Multilevel Monte Carlo with Convergence Rates

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:55:15 +0200

Segmentation of Inhomogeneous Noisy Images via a Bayesian Model Coupled with Anisotropic Mesh Adaptation

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:55:02 +0200

Comparing FE2 procedures with seamless scale-bridging using a primal and dual formulation

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:54:51 +0200

A Piggyback-Style Algorithm for Learning Improved Shearlets and TGV Discretizations

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:54:43 +0200

This work demonstrates how to use a piggyback-style algorithm to compute derivatives of loss functions that depend on solutions of convex-concave saddle-point problems. Two application scenarios are presented, where the piggyback primal-dual algorithm is used to learn an enhanced shearlet transform and an improved discretization of the second-order total generalized variation.

The use of IoT technologies for advanced risk management in tailings dams

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:54:34 +0200

Efficient unstructured mesh deformation using randomized linear algebra in Fluid Structure Interaction

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:30:32 +0200

Goal oriented error adaptivity for dynamic stress concentration With a Symmetric Boundary Element Galerkin Method

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:30:23 +0200

Gravity Load Effects on Inelastic Simulation of Buildings Subjected to Wind Loads

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:30:12 +0200

Reduced-order (single-degree-of-freedom) models of buildings subjected to wind loads were analyzed to determine the effect of gravity loads on inelastic behavior. The lateral wind loads were based on data from atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel tests to capture the temporal and spatial variation of wind pressure on a building envelope. The lateral load resisting system of the building was idealized using a bilinear relationship, and gravity load effects were introduced using a stability coefficient. Nonlinear response history analyses were solved using direct implicit integration of the equation of motion, and an energy balance was used to assess the quality of the numerical solution. The resulting response histories were used to interrogate the relationship between inelastic displacement, ductility, period of vibration, and gravity loads. The results indicate that inelastic displacements were approximately equal to the elastic displacements even in the presence of gravity loads for cross wind excitation. For along wind excitation, the inelastic displacements were approximately equal to the elastic displacements regardless of gravity loads. The findings suggest that the equal displacement concept may have application to the wind design of high-rise buildings where cross-wind loads control the design of the lateral system

Machine Learning Assisted Mesh Adaptation for Geophysical Fluid Dynamics

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:29:59 +0200

Sparse recovery problem in a hierarchical Bayesian framework

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:29:46 +0200

Dimension Reduction of Dynamic Superresolution and Application to Cell Tracking in PET

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:29:33 +0200

Towards patient-specific modelling of Atherosclerotic Arterial Sections

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:29:07 +0200

Digital Volume Correlation techniques for patient-specific simulation of vertebrae with metastasis

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:28:50 +0200

Clustering-based Parametric Surrogate Modeling of Vibroacoustic Problems Assisted by Neural Networks and Active Subspace Method

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:28:33 +0200

This contribution presents a combined framework to perform parametric surrogate modeling of vibroacoustic problems that enables efficient training of large-scale problems. The proposed framework combines the active subspace method to perform dimensionality reduction of high-dimensional problems and thereafter a clustering-based approach within the identified active subspace region to yield smaller training clusters. Finally, a trained neural network assists the cluster classification task for any desired parameter point so as to query the parametric system response during the online phase.

Mesh- and model adaptivity for elasto-plastic mean-field and full-field homogenization based on downwind and upwind approximations

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Fri, 26 May 2023 10:28:17 +0200

Materials such as composites are heterogeneous at the micro-scale, where several constituents with different material properties can be distinguished like elastic inclusions and the elasto-plastic matrix with isotropic hardening. One has to deal with these heterogeneities on the micro-scale and then perform a scale transition to obtain the overall behavior on the macro-scale, which is often referred to as homogenization. The present contribution deals with the combination of numerically inexpensive mean-field and numerically expensive full-field homogenization methods in elasto-plasticity coupled to adaptive finite element method (FEM) which takes into account error generation and error transport at each time step on the macro-scale. The proposed adaptive procedure is driven by a goal-oriented a posteriori error estimator based on duality techniques. The main difficulty of duality techniques in the literature is that the backwards-in-time al gorithm has a high demand on memory capacity since additional memory is required to store the primary solutions computed over all time steps. To this end, several down wind and upwind approximations are introduced for an elasto-plastic primal problem by means of jump terms [1]. Therefore, from a computational point of view, the forwards-in time duality problem is very attractive. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive approach based on forwards-in-time method in comparison to backwards-in-time method.

Parameter selection and experimental study of the rock particle crushing effect using an image-based method

Pan Peng — Thu, 25 May 2023 15:37:05 +0200

When maging is used to detect the crushing effect of rock particles, the selected characterization parameters are important factors affecting the results. The image-based detection system is composed of three parts: an image acquisition system, a storage platform, and a digital image processing system.The influence of loading mode and feeding particle size on rock crushing degree and rock morphology characteristics after crushing are analyzed respectively; The crushing ratio and sand-forming ratio of limestone, limestone and granite under shear and extrusion loads are analyzed. The experimental results show that the crushing ratio and sand formation rate play a key role in the crushing of rocks composed of different materials under shear compression loading. The effect analysis of crushing under the feed particle size of 9.5 mm to 16mm shows that there is a great correlation between edges and corners, roundness and overall contour. It provides a basis for the follow-up research on intelligent mine construction and equipment optimization, and is worthy of further popularization and application.

The stone powder wall shaping mechanism on machine-made sand

Pan Peng — Thu, 25 May 2023 13:44:50 +0200

At present, the researches on the mechanical properties of sand aggregate mainly focus on the shaping process of particles, and lack the researches on the crushing mechanism. This paper first defines the shaping process of stone powder wall, and explores the crushing mechanism of sand aggregate by adopting multiple times of small energy crushing. The effect of energy is investigated by simulation and experiment. The machine-made sand crushing mechanism is analyzed by establishing corresponding contact mathematical models. The result shows that the stone powder wall involves two mathematical models under impact: the elastic-plastic model at low impact velocity and the elastic-brittle model at high impact velocity.

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Pan Peng — Thu, 25 May 2023 10:45:51 +0200

Multiscale Finite Element approaches: error estimations and adaptivity for an enriched variant

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:16:43 +0200

Design Allowables generation by High Fidelity Models for Interlaminar damage propagation based on Uncertainty Quantification

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:16:31 +0200

Runge Kutta (ELDIRK) methods for embedding of low order implicit time integration schemes for goal oriented global error estimation

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:16:19 +0200

Modified Constitutive Relation Error for Multi-Physics Wind Turbine Calibration

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:16:07 +0200

Verifying and applying LES-C turbulence models for turbulent incompressible flow and fluid-fluid interaction problems

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:15:51 +0200

Error control and propagation in Adaptive Mesh Refinement applied to elliptic equations on quadtree/octree grids

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:15:38 +0200

Learning Viscoelastic Responses with a Thermodynamic Recurrent Neural Network with Maxwell Encoding

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:15:23 +0200

Quadrilateral Mesh Untangling and Mesh Quality Improvement Via Multiobjective Mesh Optimization

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:15:07 +0200

A posteriori error estimates for the Crank-Nicolson method: application to parabolic partial differential equations with small random input data

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:14:55 +0200

Elliptic reconstruction and a posteriori error estimates for the parabolic partial differential equations with small random input data

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:14:44 +0200

Numerical model reduction of the electro-chemically coupled ion transport

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:14:31 +0200

Moving mesh methods for implicit moving boundary problems

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:14:01 +0200

An Adaptive Trefftz Method to Analyze the Influence of the Midfield Propagation Conditions on Environmental Railway Noise

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:13:44 +0200

A posteriori error estimates of elliptic and parabolic equations for the weak Galerkin finite element methods

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:13:32 +0200

A posteriori error estimation for second-order optimally convergent G/XFEM

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:13:19 +0200

This work presents a ZZ-BD a posteriori error estimator tailored for 3-D linear elastic fracture mechanics problems that are approximated by second-order pFEM-GFEM formulations. The proposed error estimator is shown to estimate well discretization errors in the energy norm, with the estimated discretization error converging at the same rate as the exact discretization error. Also, the computed effectivity indexes are close to the optimal value of 1 for a LEFM problem that exhibits 3-D effects.

Human Brain Solute Transport Quantified by Glymphatic MRI-informed Biophysics during Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 13:13:01 +0200

Error estimation for surrogate models with noisy small-sized training sets

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:57:38 +0200

Model updating with a Modified Dual Kalman Filter acting on distributed strain measurements

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:57:25 +0200

A POD-Galerkin Model for Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Equations with Parametric Data based on Adaptive Snapshots

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:57:14 +0200

Adaptive mesh refinement procedures for the virtual element method

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:56:49 +0200

An Efficient hp-Adaptive Approach for Compressible Two-Phase Flows using the Level-Set Ghost Fluid Method

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:56:30 +0200

Assessing the performance of Data-based and Physics-based Model Order Reduction techniques for Geometrically nonlinear problems

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:56:15 +0200

A modified Constitutive Relation Error (mCRE) framework to learn nonlinear constitutive models from strain measurements with thermodynamics-consistent Neural Networks

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:55:54 +0200

A Coupled HDG-FV Method for Incompressible Flows Simulations

Jesús Sánchez Pinedo — Wed, 24 May 2023 12:55:40 +0200