Scipedia: Documents published in 2021

On the Use of Flux Boundary Conditions in FE2 Procedures with Seamless Scale-bridging

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:11:02 +0200

Advances in Model Order Reduction for Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:10:51 +0200

Contribution on the state of the art on reduced order modelling for FSI problems Digital Abstract: https://www.dropbox.com/s/uzdi1rlz9y7chrb/ADMOS_Rozza_short.mp4?dl=0

Bounds on the Smallest Eigenvalue of Finite Element Equations with Adaptive (anisotropic) Meshes without Regularity Assumptions

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:10:36 +0200

Highly adapted or misshaped meshes can have a strong influence on the conditioning of the finite element (FE) equations, which, in turn, has an impact on convergence properties and accuracy of iterative methods for solving the resulting linear systems. In most of the available work, some local or global mesh regularity properties are required in order to bound the constants during the derivation of the estimates, which causes degeneration of these estimates in case of extreme mesh geometries or strong irregular anisotropic adaptation. The provided bound for the smallest eigenvalue of the FE equations has a similar form as the one by Graham and McLean [SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 44 (2006), pp. 1487–1513] but doesn't require any mesh regularity assumptions, neither global nor local. In particular, it is valid for highly adaptive, anisotropic, or non-regular meshes without any restrictions.

Metric-Based Adaptive Mesh Refinement and Flux Error in CFD Problems

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:10:04 +0200

Adaptive Finite Elements with Large Aspect Ratio for Aluminium Electrolysis

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:09:48 +0200

Computational Homogenization of Unsteady Incompressible Flows with Obstacles

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:09:33 +0200

Numerical Model Reduction of the Electro-Chemically Coupled Multi-Scale Transport of Electroactive Species

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:09:22 +0200

The focus of this presentation is on the multi-scale and multi-physics Finite Element Analysis of the structural battery composite. We are particularly interested in predicting the electro-chemical performance of the Structural Battery Electrolyte (SBE) by utilizing computational homogenization, and numerical model reduction (NMR).

Goal-Oriented hp-Adaptive Finite Element Methods: A Painless Multi-level Automatic Coarsening Strategy

Scipedia content — Mon, 21 Jun 2021 19:00:58 +0200

In many engineering applications, the global energy of the problem may be a quantity of limited relevance. This motivated the design of goal-oriented adaptive finite element methods (see e.g. [1,4-6]). They intend to approximate a particular Quantity of Interest (QoI) using an error estimator based on the solution of the adjoint problem to guide the refinements. In this framework, Darrigrand et al. [3] presented an alternative dual operator for the representations of the error in the QoI. In the context of hp-adaptivity, Darrigrand et al. [2] proposed an algorithm for symmetric and positive definite (SPD) problems based on performing global refinements followed by optimal unrefinements. This algorithm marks the basis functions with the lowest contributions to the energy of the solution and remove them. The resulting automatic hp-adaptive strategy employs a multi-level hierarchical data-structure proposed by Zander et al. [7]. In this presentation, we extended Darrigrand et al. [2] algorithm to non-SPD problems in the framework of goal-oriented adaptivity. To do so, we evaluate the contribution to the energy in the alternative dual operator proposed by Darrigrand et al. [3], thus, considering both the direct and the adjoint problem. As a result, we obtain an hp-adaptive algorithm for SPD and non-SPD problems in the context of goal-oriented adaptivity. We test and analyze our algorithm on two-dimensional (2D) Laplace, Helmholtz, and convection-dominated problems. We also describe the main features and limitations of the proposed method. In particular, our algorithm is robust and simple to implement; therefore, it can be used for industrial applications.

Sports Industry Management Survey in Demak Regency

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:34:02 +0200

The purpose of the research to know the description of management includes planning, organizing, driving, and supervision of sports industry management in Demak regency. Methods This research is a survey research using qualitative descriptive approach. The result of this research is 1) The planning process done by sports industry in Demak Regency has been run in accordance with the management function, 2) The management of sports industry in Demak Regency is still lacking, because the whole of sports industry does not have organizational structure so there are many double function to the owner and employees, 3) The management of sports industry in Demak Regency is quite good, because the communication between owner, manager and employee is good, employees also execute manager's orders well in accordance with their duties, 4) Sports industry supervision management in Demak Regency is good, because all owners always supervise their employees.

Analysis of Aggression Tendencies Elite Athletes Karate in Turkey

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:31:02 +0200

The aim of this study is to examine the aggression tendencies of elite karate athletes according to some variables. The sample group of the study was composed of 160 karate athletes selected voluntarily among 400 karate athletes who reached the level of nationality. In the study, the participants were asked to fill in the socio-demographic information form and the Buss and Perry Aggression scale. The analysis of the data was done in computer environment. The arithmetic, mean and standard deviation of the scores the participants got from the scale are presented as x±sd. For paired comparisons, t-test for independent variables and anova were used for more than two comparisons. LSD test was applied to reveal a significant difference in more than two comparisons. The level of significance was accepted as p <0.05. As a result, karateists aggressive tendencies are above average, A statistically significant difference was found among the subtitles in physical aggression, physical aggression and aggression total scores according to nationality of according to gender. It is thought that this situation is caused by the physical and psychological influences of elite athletes are exposed to before, during or after the competition.

Survey of Taekwondo Sports Equipment Business Management in Semarang City

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:28:03 +0200

The purpose of this study is to figure out the existence of the taekwondo supply business in Semarang. This study approach uses descriptive method. Techniques of collecting data using purposive sampling. Sources of data in the form of primary data and secondary data. The primary data obtained by interview and observation while secondary data obtained by documentation. Source triangulation and technique triangulation are used to examine the validity of the data. Data analysis obtained by reduction, display data, and conclusion. Based on the research in Semarang, there is a taekwondo supply business that has distributed their goods to several regions in Indonesia. In the operational level, these two companies still use manual methods in the production process and the human resources used are taken from the local community. Basically, these two companies have carried out the management process, while the financial aspects of these two companies differ in capital and objectives. For the information systems, ZAO makes better use of them. The company has a fairly good management system because it has fulfilled its four management functions, namely planning, organizing, implementing and controlling. Suggestion the taekwondo supply company in Semarang should develop their marketing management in order to maintain its stability in the field of the taekwondo supply business.

Management Industry of Shuttlecock Sport Equipment in Tegal District

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:25:03 +0200

The purpose of this research is to know how the management function that applied by each shuttlecock craftsman in Lawatan Village. This research uses qualitative methode. The data source for this research are primary and secondary. The primary data is taken by observation and interview, meanwhile the secondry data is taken by documentation. There are four interviewees. The research is condusted in two different shuttlecock companies, they are UD. Tri Sakti and Gramedia. The purpose of the research is to know the management of shuttlecock industry in Lawatan Village. The verification of data validity in this research used credibility test, transferability test, dependability test, and confirmability test. The result of this research found that the management in 2 shuttlecock companies have been applied well. The planning is well planned by each manager of shuttlecock companies. The orginizing from each company have been stated by the manager with some criterias. The briefing is well performed by each manager, so that the employee is be able to work according to the direction. Then controlling from each company need to be improved to minimilize error in working. The conclution is management of Sport Equipment Industry Shuttlecock in Lawatan Village implements well four management functions, that are planning, orginizing, briefing, and controlling.

Implementation of Small Sided Game in Improving Aerobic Capacity of Futsal Women Players at STKIP Muhammadiyah Kuningan

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:21:02 +0200

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of small sided game training on aerobic capacity in futsal. This research method is an experimental method with a one-group pretestposttest design research. The sample used is 12 futsal players in the Women's Futsal UKM STKIP Muhammadiyah Kuningan. The instrument used in this study was the bleep test. Data analysis techniques in this study using prerequisite test analysis and hypothesis testing. The results obtained by researchers from the results of the calculation of the T test paired sample test explained that there is a significant difference in the effect of the aerobic capacity level using the small sided game method.

Investigation of Teachers' Attitudes Towards Sports in Turkey

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:04:03 +0200

This research was conducted to examine the Attitudes of Teachers working in public schools towards Sports in terms of Different Variables. The data of the research were obtained from 403 teachers working in Aydın during the 2020-2021 academic year. As the data collection tool, "Attitude Scale towards Sports" made by Halil Evren Şentürk (2012) was used. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric tests were used to analyze the data. Mann Whitney U-test was used for comparisons of two groups, and Kruskal Wallis H was used for comparing more than two groups. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.97. As a result of the research, a statistically significant difference was found as a result of the analysis made between the sub-dimensions of the attitude towards sports in the variables of the teachers' Gender, Education and Branch (p <0.05). In the gender variable, it was concluded that the Attitudes of Female Teachers towards Sports were higher than male teachers in all sub-dimensions of the scale. When the Educational Status Variable is examined, it is seen that in the dimension of Interest in Sports, Graduate Teachers' Attitudes towards Sports are higher than Undergraduate teachers. In the Active Sports dimension, it is concluded that the Graduate Teachers' Attitude towards Sports scores are higher than the Undergraduate Teachers. It was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference between the sub-dimensions of age, marital status, education level and attitude towards sports (p> 0.05)

Dynamism of Instructional Aids on Teaching Physical Education Among Secondary School in Kogi State, Nigeria

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 04:01:02 +0200

This study examined dynamism of instructional aids on teaching of physical education among secondary school in Kogi State, Nigeria. Descriptive research design of survey type was used. The population for this study consist all Secondary School students within the study area. Purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select 394 respondents. Researcher– structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The instrument was validated by three lectures in the department of Human Kinetics Education, University of Ilorin and tested for reliability. A correlation coefficient of 0.85 was obtained. The administration of the instrument was done by the researchers. The data collected were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and percentage count. The results revealed that, there was a significant relationship between behavioural benefits and cognitive benefits of instructional aids on teaching of Physical Education among Secondary Schools. The study concluded that uses of instructional aids are significant to quality teaching of physical education in schools. The study recommends that effective uses of instructional aids plays a significant role in teaching and learning of physical education in schools which also enhance the behavioural and cognitive benefits of the students.

Relationship Between Leadership Styles of Sports Administrators and Orgranisational Development in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria

Indonesian Journal of Sport Management — Fri, 18 Jun 2021 03:56:03 +0200

The research employs descriptive survey design of correlation type which is very important as the study tries to find out the relationship between leadership styles of sports administrators and organization performance in Ilorin. Populations for the study are 62 sports personnel in the sports council Ilorin which comprised of Director of Sports, Stadium manager, organizing secretaries and coaches of the existing 20 sports in the Kwara State Sports Council. Researcher questionnaire designed in a modified four points likert rating scale was used to collect data from the respondents which was validated by a Professor of sports management and a season sports administrator, ministry of youth and sports, Abuja and tested for reliability using split half method and Cronbach alpha was used to determine the result with a coefficient of 0.80 obtained. Inferential statistic of multiple regressions was used to test the null hypotheses formulated at 0.05 level of significance. The findings reveal that leadership styles of sports administrators have significant relationship with organization performance, each leadership style has significant contribution to organization performance and all the leadership styles significantly contributed to organization performance. Among the recommendations suggested include: Sports administrators must be able to employ variety of leadership style is the best among others.

FIBRE4YARDS Poster June 2021

Dominika Behrendt — Thu, 17 Jun 2021 14:34:03 +0200

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N^o 101006860.

FIBRE4YARDS Leaflet June 2021

Dominika Behrendt — Thu, 17 Jun 2021 14:33:02 +0200

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N^o 101006860.

LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA: MODELOS Y TENDENCIAS DE USO

EDITORIAL EIDEC — Wed, 16 Jun 2021 23:02:03 +0200

LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA:

MODELOS Y TENDENCIAS DE USO

COLECCIÓN RESULTADO DE INVESTIGACIÓN

Primera Edición 2021 Vol. 1

Editorial EIDEC

Sello Editorial EIDEC (978-958-53018)

NIT 900583173-1

ISBN: 978-958-53018-7-0

Formato: Digital PDF (Portable Document Format)

DOI REPOSITORIO: https://doi.org/10.34893/1hfp-y566

Publicación: Colombia

Fecha Publicación: 2021-05-31

Coordinación Editorial

Escuela Internacional de Negocios y Desarrollo Empresarial de Colombia – EIDEC

Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional - ITFIP. Colombia

Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET

Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES

Revisión y pares evaluadores

Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET

Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES

Entidad Financiadora

Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional - ITFIP. Colombia

AUTORES

Ana Angélica Casara Palivoda Wilske[1],

Ana Belem Soberanes-Martín[2],

Anthony Bautista-Pariona [3],

Armando Guillermo Antúnez Sánchez[4],

Brenda Luz Colorado Aguilar[5],

Bruno Eliseo Ramírez Rengifo [6],

Catalina Rondón Oyuela[7],

Cindy Jiménez-Picado^{^[8]},

Fernando Pari-Tito[9],

Edgar de Jesús Ramírez Ramírez^{^[10]}

Fredery Fabían Polanias Soto[11],

Gloria Concepción Tenorio-Sepúlveda[12],

Irma Pianucci^{^[13]},

José Cabrejo-Paredes[14],

Juan Zarate-Yépez[15],

Karla Yanitzia Artavia-Díaz^{^[16]},

Libardo Cartagena[17],

Lupe Esther Graus Cortez[18],

María Guadalupe Ñeco Reyna[19],

María Guadalupe Venteño Jaramillo[20],

María Laura Manzi^{^[21]},

Marta Tenutto Soldevilla^{^[22]},

Melissa Rivera Guzmán[23],

Nayibe Soraya Sánchez León[24],

Osbaldo Turpo-Gebera[25],

Raúl Alberto Irigoyen^{^[26]},

Roció Diaz Zavala[27],

Tanya Lizeth Báez Jiménez [28],

Yolanda Coral Martínez Dorado[29] ,

Yudi Castro Blanco[30]

Yusselfy Márquez Benítez[31]

[1]Estudiante de maestría en Prácticas Transculturales - UNIFACVEST / Brasil / Santa Catarina. Especialista en educación especial. Licenciada en Letras.

[2]Licenciada en Sistemas de Computación Administrativa, Universidad del Valle de México, Maestra en Educación, Universidad de las Américas, Doctora en Ciencias de la Educación, Colegio de Estudios de Posgrado de la Ciudad de México. Profesora de Tiempo Completo, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, correo electrónico: asoberanesm@uaemex.mx.

[3]Pregrado, Universidad Nacional del Santa, Médico Cirujano, Universidad Nacional del Santa, correo electrónico: anthonybautistapariona@gmail.com.

[4] Docente de Pregrado y Posgrado en la Universidad de Granma, Cuba, antunez@udg.co.cu

[5]Doctorado en sistemas y ambientes educativos, Universidad Veracruzana, Profesor-investigador en la Benemérita Escuela Normal Veracruzana “Enrique C. Rébsamen”, brendaluzcolorado@gmail.com

[6] Ingeniero agrónomo, Universidad del Tolima. Magister en Administración y Dirección de Empresas MBA, UNIR de la Rioja España. Docente, Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional ITFIP, Espinal Tolima, Colombia. Docente de tiempo completo, bramirez@itfip.edu.co

[7] Tecnóloga en Gestión Informática. Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional ITFIP, Espinal Tolima, Colombia, Estudiante de Ingeniería de sistemas, crondon11@itfip.edu.co

^{^[8]}Graduada en Enseñanza de Inglés y Negocios Internacionales, Maestrando en Administración con énfasis en Gerencia de Proyectos, Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), Investigadora y Docente, UNED, cjimenezp@uned.ac.cr.

[9] Investigador Junior, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, correo electrónico: fpari@unsa.edu.pe

[10] Estudiante de doctorado en Educación, de la Universidad San Buenaventura, Cali.

Docente de inglés de la IE. Agustín Nieto Caballero, en Cali. edgarramirezramirez@gmail.com

[11] Doctor en robótica y automatización. Ingeniero Electrónico. Actualmente docente de catedra del ITFIP, frederyps@yahoo.es

[12] Licenciada en informática administrativa, Universidad Tecnológica Americana, Maestra en Tecnología Educativa, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Profesora investigadora, Tecnológico Nacional de México / Tes de Chalco, correo electrónico: gloria_cts@tesch.edu.mx

^{^[13]} Lic. en Cs. de la Computación, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Especialista en Entornos Virtuales de Aprendizaje, OEI, Prof. Adjunto, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, correo electrónico: pianucci@unsl.edu.ar

[14] Pregrado, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Posgrado, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Docente Universitario, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, correo electrónico: Jcabrejo@unitru.edu.pe.

[15] Tesista de posgrado, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, correo electrónico: jzaratey@unsa.edu.pe

^{^[16]}Graduada en Docencia, Universidad San Marcos (USAM), Máster en Administración de negocios con énfasis en Gerencia de Proyectos, Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED), Investigadora y Gestora de proyectos, UNED, kartavia@uned.ac.cr

[17]Ingeniero Electrónico, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Magister en Ingeniería Universidad Libre Bogotá, Magister en Gestión de Proyectos Tecnológicos Universidad Internacional de la Rioja “UNIR”. Ocupación: docente, Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional “ITFIP”, correo electrónico: lcartagena@itfip.edu.co.

[18] Magister en Educación de la Universidad del Tolima. Licenciada en Ciencias Sociales Universidad de Cundinamarca UEDC. Actualmente Vicerrectora Académica del Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional ITFIP del Espinal Tol. iortiz@itfip.edu.co.

[19] PhD. En Educación. Mención en Estudios Interculturales. Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia-UNED-Madrid- España. - Universidad Veracruzana- Docente. Red Iberoamericana de Estudios Interculturales e Interdisciplinarios. ORCID: org/0000-1915-386X GOOGLE ACADEMICO: http://mariagpe.edu/%C3%B1eco Correo electrónico Institucional: mneco@uv.mx Correo electrónico Personal: mariaguadalupeneco@gmail.com

[20] Dra. En Economía, Especialidad en Ciencias, Tecnología e Innovación – Posgrado. UNAM Docente – UNAM. Facultad de Filosofía en Letras. Red Iberoamericana de Estudios interculturales e Interdisciplinarios. ORCID: 0000-0003-4832-6221

GOOGLE ACADEMICO: https://scholar.google.com.mx/citations?user=wd9SXaMAAAAJ&hl=en

^{^[21]} Lic. en Psicología, Universidad de Palermo, Profesora universitaria, Universidad de Palermo, Diploma superior en Gestión educativa (FLACSO), docente de Universidad Favaloro y Universidad de Palermo, correo electrónico: lau_manzi@hotmail.com

^{^[22]} Dra. de educación (UNL, UNSam, UnSam, Mgter. y Espec. en educación (UdeSA), Lic. en Psicología (UBA), Lic. y profesora (UM), docente de UNLaM, UNM, Dir. de Esp. en Docencia Universitaria con Orientación. Cs Agr. (UNR), coordinadora del doctorado intensivo (UP) correo electrónico: marta.tenutto@gmail.com

[23] Ingeniera de Sistemas, Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional ITFIP, Espinal Tolima, Colombia. Docente Catedrática, mrivera71@itfip.edu.co

[24] Ingeniera de sistemas, Universidad Antonio Nariño. Magister en E-learning y Redes Sociales, UNIR de la Rioja España. Docente, Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional ITFIP, Espinal Tolima, Colombia. Docente de tiempo completo, nsanchez@itfip.edu.co

[25] Docente - Investigador, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, correo electrónico: oturpo@unsa.edu.pe

^{^[26]} Maestrando en Educación, Universidad Nacional de la Matanza (UNLaM), Lic. en Gestión Educativa (UNLaM), docente de (UNLaM), Universidad Favaloro y de AMIT, correo electrónico: irigoyenraul@gmail.com

[27] Docente, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, correo electrónico: rdiazz@unsa.edu.pe

[28] Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar, Benemérita Escuela Normal Veracruzana “Enrique C. Rébsamen”, Egresada de la Licenciatura en Educación Preescolar, baezjimenezt.bpree16@gmail.com

[29] Doctora en Pedagogía. Profesora Titular y Líder del Grupo de Investigación “Gestión del Conocimiento para la Innovación Educativa” en la Escuela Normal Superior Oficial de Guanajuato, México. coral_36@hotmail.com

[30] Docente de Pregrado y Posgrado en la Universidad de Granma, Cuba, ycastrob@udg.co.cu

[31] Bacterióloga y Laboratorista Clínico, Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca, Magister en Educación, Universidad de Pamplona N.S. Docente Investigador Universitario, Universidad de Boyacá. correo electrónico: yusselfy_1@hotmail.com

Coordinadores editoriales

Mg. Nayibe Soraya Sánchez León - Colombia

Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional - ITFIP. Colombia

Mg. Yohanna Milena Rueda Mahecha

Editorial EIDEC

Dr. Cesar Augusto Silva Giraldo

Centro de Investigación Científica, Empresarial y Tecnológica de Colombia – CEINCET – Colombia.

Red de Investigación en Educación, Empresa y Sociedad – REDIEES – Colombia.

Editores literarios

PhD. José Hugo Cornejo Martin del Campo - México

PhD. Eva Margarita Godínez López - México

PhD. Hugo Heriberto Morales del Valle - México

Lic. Bertha Amelia Soria Zendejas - México

Maestro Tiburcio López Macías - México

Mg. Nayibe Soraya Sánchez León - Colombia

El libro LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA: MODELOS Y TENDENCIAS DE USO, esta publicado bajo la licencia de Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0) Internacional (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.es). Esta licencia permite copiar, adaptar, redistribuir y reproducir el material en cualquier medio o formato, con fines no comerciales, dando crédito al autor y fuente original, proporcionando un enlace de la licencia de Creative Commons e indicando si se han realizado cambios.

Licencia: CC BY-NC 4.0.

NOTA EDITORIAL: Las opiniones y los contenidos de los resúmenes publicados en el libro LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA: MODELOS Y TENDENCIAS DE USO. Son de responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores; así mismo, éstos se responsabilizarán de obtener el permiso correspondiente para incluir material publicado por parte de la Editorial EIDEC y la entidad financiadora de la publicación Instituto Tolimense de Formación Técnica Profesional - ITFIP.

Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for the Analysis of Mechanical Property of Friction Stir Welded Joints by using Python Programming

Akshansh Mishra — Tue, 15 Jun 2021 15:24:03 +0200

In modern computational science, the interplay existing between machine learning and optimization process marks the most vital developments. Optimization plays an important role in mechanical industries because it leads to reduce in material cost, time consumption and increase in production rate. The recent work focuses on performing the optimization task on Friction Stir Welding process for obtaining the maximum Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of the friction stir welded joints. Two machine learning algorithms i.e. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Decision Trees regression model are selected for the purpose. The input variables are Tool Rotational Speed (RPM), Tool Traverse Speed (mm/min) and Axial Force (KN) while the output variable is Ultimate Tensile Strength (MPa). It is observed that in case of the Artificial Neural Networks the Root Mean Square Errors for training and testing sets are 0.842 and 0.808 respectively while in case of Decision Trees regression model, the training and testing sets result Root Mean Square Errors of 11.72 and 14.61. So, it can be concluded that ANN algorithm gives better and accurate result than Decision Tree regression algorithm.

Numerical model reduction of the electro-chemically coupled multi-scale transport of electroactive species

Vinh Tu — Tue, 15 Jun 2021 12:05:02 +0200

FIBRE4YARDS: Fibre Composite Manufacturing Technologies for the Automation and Modular Construction in Shipyard_20210608

Dominika Behrendt — Thu, 10 Jun 2021 09:27:02 +0200

The main objective of FIBRE4YARDS project is to maintain European global leadership in ship building and ship maintenance, through implementation of the Shipyard 4.0 concept in which advanced and innovative FRP manufacturing technologies are successfully introduced. This project has received funding from European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement n°101006860.

Application of discretization error estimators in stepped column buckling problems

Beatriz Ferreira Souza — Wed, 09 Jun 2021 20:04:32 +0200

In order to reduce the discretization error, in this paper, Richardson’s Extrapolation and Convergence Error Estimator were used to investigating the buckling problem convergence. The main objective was to verify the convergence order of the stepped column problem and to define a consistent moment of inertia at the point of variation of the cross-section. The variable of interest was the critical buckling load obtained by the Finite Difference Method. The convergent solution obtained errors less than 10^^-8, and this work showed that the best solution is not defined by excessive mesh refinement, but by the solution convergence analysis.

High-Order Implicit Shock Tracking

Scipedia content — Wed, 09 Jun 2021 09:35:02 +0200

Shock tracking, as an alternative method to shock capturing, aims to generate a mesh such that element faces align with shock surfaces and other non-smooth features to perfectly represent them with the inter-element jumps in the solution basis. These methods have been shown to enable high- order approximation of high-speed flows and do not require extensive refinement in non-smooth regions because, once the non-smooth features are tracked by the mesh, the solution basis approximates the remaining smooth features. In previous work, we introduced an implicit shock tracking framework that re-casts the geometrically complex problem of generating a mesh that conforms to all discontinuity surfaces as a PDE-constrained optimization problem. In this talk, we present a number of extensions to the implicit shock tracking method aimed at improving robustness for complex problems.

Massively Parallel Anisotropic Mesh Adaptation Applied to Earth Land Elevation

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 18:00:02 +0200

Stabilized Space-Time Finite Element Approximations for a Class of Quasilinear Parabolic Problems

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 14:23:22 +0200

In this talk, we present continuous space-time finite element methods for solving quasilinear parabolic problems. We present a discretization error analysis. We present numerical results which confirm the theoretical convergence rate estimates.

A kernel Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (kPOD) for Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction of Parametric Problems

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 14:13:25 +0200

Oscillation in a Posteriori Error Estimation

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 14:02:03 +0200

In a posteriori error analysis, the relationship between error and estimator is usually spoiled by so-called oscillation terms, which cannot be bounded by the error. In order to remedy, we devise a new approach where the oscillation has the following two properties. First, it is dominated by the error, irrespective of mesh fineness and the regularity of data and the exact solution. Second, it captures in terms of data the part of the residual that, in general, cannot be quantified with finite information. The new twist in our approach is a locally stable projection onto discretized residuals. In the case of the Poisson problem, the approach leads to an improved standard residual estimator and allows tackling problems with sources in H^-1.

Tailored Mesh Generation for NEFEM

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:55:41 +0200

Modeling Yarn Reorientation in Woven Composites under Off-axis Tensile Loading with Cohesive Zone Based Conformal Meshing

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:44:52 +0200

A Posteriori Error Estimation via Equilibrated Stress Reconstruction for Unilateral Contact Problems

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:41:11 +0200

We present an a posteriori error estimation based on a equilibrated H(div)-conforming stress reconstruction for unilateral contact problems without friction, discretized with a Nitsche-based method. The stress reconstruction is obtained via local Neumann problems constructed on Arnold-Falk-Winther mixed finite element spaces, and it is used to compute some local and global estimators which separate the different components of the computational error. These local estimators provide a method to adaptively refine the mesh.

A Coupled HDG-FV Method for Unsteady Compressible Flows

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:36:23 +0200

Certified Computations with PGD Model Reduction in the MsFEM Framework

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:12:02 +0200

Stabilised Updated Lagrangian SPH for Fast Solid Dynamics

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 13:04:50 +0200

This work is part of the ProTechTion project funded by MSCA - EU Horizon 2020, and consists of an Incremental Updated Lagrangian Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) framework, aimed at applications in the field of fast solid dynamics, with the following highlights: - Mixed-based system of first-order conservation laws - Incremental ULF (multiplicative decomposition of the deformation) - Anisotropic updated kernel function - Entropy-stable Riemann-based stabilisation scheme.

A projection-based model reduction method for nonlinear mechanics with internal variables: application to thermo-hydro-mechanical systems

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 12:57:07 +0200

Design Tool for the Actuation Control of a Micro Fluidic Valve Using Fluid-Structure Interaction Partitioned Approach

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 12:44:25 +0200

Embedding Domain Discretization for Coupled Topology and Shape Optimization

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 12:36:41 +0200

Testing Scenarios on Geological Models: Local Interface Insertion in a 2D Mesh and its Impact on Seismic Wave Simulation

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 12:20:33 +0200

In this work, we consider a relatively simple case of fluid monitoring in a subsurface gas reservoir. Seismic wave velocities for porous rocks vary depending on fluid saturation, and our objective is to quantitatively evaluate the impact of the water/gas contact depth on elastic wave propagation. To efficiently test different contact depth scenarios and assess their impact on wave propagation, we propose to locally modify a 2D geological model and run time-dependent elastic simulations. The input model is a triangulated surface conforming to geological structures and representing physical properties. The 2D meshed model is locally updated, meaning that only a given region is modified and that the other parts of the mesh remain identical. To create several models by modifying only the reservoir layer, we insert a water/gas contact defined by a level-set at several depths with MMG. During the insertion, specific care is taken to maintain the conformity of the output mesh. As compared to global remeshing, the local modification reduces the cost of recomputing physical properties over the updated mesh. We run the numerical simulations by using Hou10ni2D code, which is based on a Discontinuous Galerkin method. Our results on a gas reservoir show a consistent behavior: we observe a correlation between the depth difference and L2-norm, the larger the distance from the reference depth contact, the higher the L2-norm. This approach could therefore be integrated into an inversion loop to determine the position of the fluid contact and reduce uncertainties in the reservoir model.

Computational Model for Large Volume Expansion and Self-Contact with Adaptive Meshing

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 12:10:36 +0200

Moving Mesh Methods for Implicit Moving Boundary Problems

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 11:33:57 +0200

This talk will present a method for achieving arbitrarily high orders of accuracy when approximating PDE-based moving boundary problems using finite element (and related) methods on moving computational meshes. Its effectiveness will be demonstrated on a nonlinear diffusion problem for which the boundary velocity is only defined implicitly as part of the PDE problem. In this situation high-order approximations can be achieved for both the movement of the boundary and the update of the evolving solution on the moving mesh.

Certification, Adaptivity, and Reduction in Non-Intrusive Model Couplings

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 11:14:54 +0200

The non-intrusive coupling method is a local analysis method that aims to separate the macroscopic and local scales both from mesh, operator, and loading viewpoints. This method has demonstrated that it can be used for a large set of problems such as those with local plasticity, and it has been implemented in an industrial code. In order to reduce the complexity of a given problem, a coarse model is defined on the total domain with its properties (geometry, connectivity, operator, solver) and a separated fine model is set locally with its different properties. The solution is obtained iteratively by exchanging data on the interface between the global and local models. However, the issue of certification and optimal driving of such a coupling method has been addressed in very few works until now. In the present work, we tackle this subject using the concept of constitutive relation error (CRE) which is a generic tool able to certify the quality of a numerical solution. The main goal is to control the solution of the non-intrusive global-local algorithm, in terms of global error or error in specific quantities of interest, and to optimally drive the coupling algorithm according to quantitative error indicators on individual error sources (discretization, modelling, iterative scheme). In this context, we will also study the coupling between a global solution raised from the well-known Finite Element Method and a local solution evaluated on-line from a virtual chart [4] constructed offline from a reduced order model in the local area of interest. Such a virtual chart is based on the PGD technique and integrates as variables (i.e. extra-parameters) some features of the local model such as boundary conditions, geometry, or material behavior. Complementing the non-intrusive global-local coupling with local ROM leads to a more flexible exchange between interface quantities, and higher performance in terms of computational efficiency and stability. The talk will start with an overview of the methodology of non-intrusive coupling methods, before presenting the error estimation procedure using the CRE concept and its decomposition into various source contributions for adaptive control. Eventually, the construction and the performance of ROM in the non-intrusive coupling method will be studied and discussed.

A New Shape Calculus for CutFEM Discretizations

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 11:13:09 +0200

On Solid-Fluid Mixture Models for High Particulate Volume Fractions

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 10:01:20 +0200

Assimilation Capabilities of the IRI-Plas Model

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 09:28:37 +0200

Proposed method to investigate the ionospheric condition during disturbances by means of assimilation of total electron content into IRI-Plas model

An a Posteriori Error Estimator for Analysis-Based Defeaturing

Scipedia content — Tue, 08 Jun 2021 09:22:22 +0200

A Weighted Shifted Boundary Method for Free Surface Flows

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 16:43:23 +0200

The Shifted Boundary Method (SBM) belongs to the class of unfitted (or immersed, or embedded) finite element methods and was recently introduced for the Poisson, linear advection/diffusion, Stokes, Navier-Stokes, acoustics, and shallow-water equations, and many additional problems [1, 2]. By reformulating the original boundary value problem over a surrogate (approximate) computational domain, the SBM avoids integration over cut cells and the associated problematic issues regarding numerical stability and matrix conditioning. Accuracy is maintained by modifying the original boundary conditions using Taylor expansions. Hence the name of the method, that shifts the location and values of the boundary conditions. We extend here the SBM to the simulation of incompressible Navier-Stokes flows with moving free-surfaces, by appropriately weighting its variational form with the elemental volume fraction of active fluid [3]. This approach prevents spurious pressure oscillations in time, which would otherwise be produced if the total active fluid volume were to change abruptly over a time step. In fact, the proposed weighted SBM method induces small mass (i.e., volume) conservation errors, which converge quadratically in the case of piecewise-linear finite element interpolations, as the grid is refined. We present an extensive set of two- and three-dimensional tests to demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the method. References [1] Alex Main and Guglielmo Scovazzi. The Shifted Boundary Method for embedded domain com- putations. Part I: Poisson and Stokes problems. Journal of Computational Physics, 372:972–995, 2018. [2] Alex Main and Guglielmo Scovazzi. The Shifted Boundary Method for embedded domain computations. Part II: Linear advection–diffusion and incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Journal of Computational Physics, 372:996–1026, 2018. [3] O Colomés, AG Main, L Nouveau, G Scovazzi. A Weighted Shifted Boundary Method for Free Surface Flow Problems. Journal of Computational Physics, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2020.109837. The support of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, the U.S. Office of Naval Research, and ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company (Houston, TX) are gratefully acknowledged.

Industrial Application of Adaptive Grid Refinement - The Case of FINE/Marine

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 16:12:51 +0200

This paper studies the introduction of adaptive grid refinement in the FINE/Marine simulation suite, in order to analyse the aspects of a mesh adaptation method which can dissuade, or encourage, industry users to adopt it.

A New mCRE-DDM Based Approach for Model Updating in Structural Dynamics with Industrial Applications

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 15:55:10 +0200

Super-Elements and Flexibility Methods Exploiting Hybrid Equilibrium Formulations

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 15:46:02 +0200

We describe the formulation of a "super" macro equilibrium element which is free from spurious kinematic modes, and can provide a dual solution to a conforming displacement model in the context of error analysis. Details and numerical examples are given for 2D problems involving plane stress. It is intended to extend the formulation to 3D hexahedral elements for modelling solids using reduced numbers of degrees of freedom at the interfaces.

Efficient Simulation of Crack Propagation in Complex Geometries using a Phase-Field Model and the Finite Cell Method

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 15:40:13 +0200

Phase-field Modeling of Brittle Fracture and its Adaptive Moving Mesh Solution

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 15:19:31 +0200

The phase-field modeling and its adaptive moving mesh solution for studying initiation and propagation of brittle fracture will be presented. Challenges such as non-smoothness of the energy functional, violation of fracture boundary conditions, and the need for mesh adaptation, and possible remedies for these challenges will be discussed. In particular, a moving mesh finite element method will be presented for the numerical solution of the phase-field model for brittle fracture.

An Adaptive Method for the Numerical Solution of a 2D Monge-Ampère Equation

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 14:45:55 +0200

We consider a 2D parabolic Monge-Ampère equation, and aim at tracking stationary solutions. A time-stepping algorithm is advocated, together with a finite element space approximation. A mesh adaptation technique is considered to track the singularities of the solutions. The approximate error indicator is based on a linearization of the Monge-Ampère operator. Numerical experiments show the numerical efficiency of the approach on several examples.

A Real Time Variational data Assimilation Method Based on Complexity Reduction and On-the-fly Data Driven Empirical Enrichment

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 12:47:22 +0200

The Parameterized Background Data-Weak (PBDW) method is a non-intrusive, reduced basis, real-time and in-situ data assimilation framework for physical systems modeled by parametrized Partial Differential Equations for steady-state problems. The key idea of the formulation is to seek an approximation to the true field employing projection-by-data, with a first contribution from a deduced background estimate from reduced modeling and a second contribution from an update state informed by the experimental observations (correction of model bias). The present study aims at extending the PBDW formulation for time-dependent problems and proposes a sequential version to deal with sampled data. The work focuses on a time integration in the reduced order model, a data-driven empirical enrichment of the model and a state prediction for future time steps.

Goal-Oriented Inverse Analysis - Application to Building Thermal Problems

Scipedia content — Mon, 07 Jun 2021 11:47:04 +0200

Analysis of Aggression Tendencies Elite Athletes Karate in Turkey

Davi Sofyan — Fri, 04 Jun 2021 07:47:02 +0200

¿Cómo el diagnóstico temprano de la insuficiencia valvular cardiaca puede prevenir una cirugía mayor?

Emilio Guzmán — Thu, 03 Jun 2021 19:43:02 +0200

Explicando a fondo las diferentes enfermedades valvulares, su diagnóstico, tratamiento y cómo podemos prevenirlas. Efectos y riesgos de someterse a una cirugía.

A fully Lagrangian formulation for fluid-structure interaction problems with free-surface flows and fracturing solids (preprint)

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 14 May 2021 11:13:18 +0200

This paper presents a novel coupled formulation for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems involving free-surface fluid flows, fracture phenomena, solid mutual contact and large displacements. The numerical formulation combines three different Lagrangian computational methods. The Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is used to solve the free-surface fluid flow, a Finite Element Method (FEM) with smoothed isotropic damage model is employed for the solution of solid structures and debris, finally, the Discrete Element Method (DEM) is used to manage the contact interaction between different solid boundaries, including the new ones generated by propagating cracks. The proposed method has a high potential for the prediction of the structural damages on civil constructions caused by natural hazards, such as floods, tsunami waves or landslides. Its application field can also be extended to fracture phenomena in structures and soils/rocks arising from explosions or hydraulic fracking processes. Several numerical examples are presented to show the validity and accuracy of the numerical technique proposed.

Semi-Lagrangian formulation for the advection–diffusion–absorption equation (preprint)

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 14 May 2021 10:36:48 +0200

We present a numerical method for solving advective–diffusive–absorptive problems with high values of advection and absorption. A Lagrangian approach based on the updated version of the classical Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) is used to calculate advection, while a Eulerian strategy based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) is adopted to compute diffusion and absorption. The Eulerian FEM procedure is based on a Finite Increment Calculus (FIC) stabilized formulation recently developed by the authors. The most relevant features of each computational approach are outlined and the coupling scheme is explained. Several problems are solved to validate the method: the evolution of a localized concentration field in two dimensions (2D), the evolution of a spherical field in 3D and three benchmark problems from the literature with high absorption.

The Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation method for multi-scale problems in mechanics

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 14 May 2021 10:15:46 +0200

We present an overview of the Pseudo-Direct Numerical Simulation (P-DNS in short) method for the solution of multi-scale phenomena. The method can be seen as an adaptation of the variational multi-scale (VMS) method, where the fine solution is solved numerically instead of analytically. Also, from the point of view of homogenization methods it can be seen as an evolution of Finite Element square (FE2) methods, where the most expensive part of the computations is performed offline. The name of P-DNS arises from the premise that in all multi-scale simulations the numerical result obtained with a very fine discretization is correct without the need to introduce any additional model (i.e. turbulence models) or stabilization procedures for transport equation terms (as in residual-based VMS methods). What is intended here is that the P-DNS solution tends to the DNS solution of the problem, accepting as a premise that the DNS solution is a reliable result. In this paper we present first an overview of the P-DNS methodology in the context of an abstract Dirichlet problem involving a second order differential operator that could be non-symmetric and non-necessarily positive definite. Next, the P-DNS approach is applied to the fluid mechanics equations accounting for turbulent phenomena. Examples showing the applicability of the P-DNS method for solving transport problems involving different scales are then presented.

Detection and Quantification of Delamination Failures in Marine Composite Bulkheads via Vibration Energy Variations

Cristobal Garcia Pariente — Fri, 14 May 2021 09:22:02 +0200

his paper proposes a new vibration-based structural health monitoring method for the identification of delamination defects in composite bulkheads used in small-length fiber-based ships. The core of this work is to find out if the variations of vibration energy can be efficiently used as a key performance indicator for the detection and quantification of delamination defects in marine composite bulkheads. For this purpose, the changes of vibrational energy exerted by delamination defects in sandwich and monolithic composite panel bulkheads with different types of delamination phenomenon are investigated using a non-destructive test. Experiments show that the overall vibration energy of the bulkheads is directly dependent on the damage conditions of the specimens and therefore, the variations of this parameter are a good indicator of the incorporation of delamination defects in composite bulkheads. Additionally, the overall vibration energy changes also give interesting information about the severity of the delamination defect in the panels. Hence, this methodology based on vibratory energy can be used to accurately determine delamination defects in medium-sized composite bulkheads with the advantages of being a simple and cost-effective approach. The findings of this research possess important applications for the identification of delamination failures in composite components such as bulkheads, turbine blades, and aircraft structures, among others.

'''The Feasibility of Turkey’s Accession to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Response to the EU's Procrastination in Turkey’s Membership in the European Union'''

yoosef ghobadi — Tue, 11 May 2021 19:24:03 +0200

The purpose of the present study is to examine the feasibility of Turkey’s accession to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in response to the EU's procrastination in Turkey’s membership in the European Union. In recent decades, Turkey has done a great deal of work for joining European countries. The formal request of Turkey to join the European Community was presented on April 24, 1987. Turkey's accession to the European Union, on account of some contradictions and conflicts has created special complexities for the parties. A number of analysts consider its specific social and cultural structure as the fundamental barrier for accession Turkey to the European Union and with Turkey's membership, the European Union will not succeed in its identical harmonization process, and it will increase the diversity, variety and differences in the EU. The lack of necessary dynamics in Turkey's political system and society prevents it from acting as a bridge between the East and the West. Therefore, this opposition will exist as long as current variables dominate the political, cultural and social life of the two sides. Shanghai Cooperation organization as a regional organization was established in 2001. The organization, with Russia and China present, is the largest non-Western organization in the Eurasia region. The role of this organization has increased since the beginning of the third millennium in the context of regional and global developments and various analyses have been presented by experts and politicians about its goals, performance and future. Copenhagen's political criterion call for democracy, the full implementation of the rule of law, human rights, labor rights, minority rights, gender equality, participation and pluralism in Turkey. Erdogan not only distanced himself from democratic principles, but also stated that he has shared values with the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.

Preliminary Evaluation of the Dearomatization Capacity of Bacterial Isolates on a Renery Current (Light Cycle Oil)

Ciencia en Revolución — Mon, 03 May 2021 20:37:02 +0200

Light Cycle Oil (LCO) is a by-product of Fluidized Catalytic Fractionation (FCC) considered a poor-quality diesel due to its high content of sulfur (3 % by weight) and aromatic compounds (50-80 % by weight) which has been enhanced by i) aromatic saturation (ASAT), ii) mild hydrocracking, and iii) aromatic saturation followed by selective ring opening (SRO) of naphthenic structures. On the other hand, it have been reported that different bacterial genera degrade aromatic compounds in a simple and economical way. Consequently, in this work, the ability of bacterial isolates to degrade naphthalene and other aromatic compounds present in an LCO from the Puerto La Cruz refinery (Anzoátegui State-Venezuela) was evaluated. Using UV-Visible spectroscopy, a decrease in naphthalene present in the LCO was observed from 24 to 44 % approximately and by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, a decrease in aromatic compounds from 27 to 45 %. The results suggest that the bacterial isolates evaluated are capable of using the aromatic compounds present in the LCO as a source of carbon and energy, leaving their consequent effect on the quality of the LCO obtained to be evaluated.

Geothermal Energy, Minero-Medicinal Sources

Ciencia en Revolución — Mon, 03 May 2021 20:21:02 +0200

Geothermal energy is presented through different sources and has various uses, such as hot springs, which can be classified based on geological origin (magmatic and telluric), temperature and composition depending of the dissolution of different minerals, coming from the soil and rocks from which they emerge. The natural waters, with known and proven therapeutic properties, are called mineral-medicinal
sources. Its therapeutic activity varies according to the ions present in solution, this can be used in numerous pathologies and conditions But geothermal energy is not only limited to this use, it can be used as a heating source at domestic and industrial level. On the other hand, among the great applications of this type of energy is the generation of electricity.

Keywords: thermal waters; geothermal energy; mineral-medicinal sources.

Fast structural dynamic modeling and analysis for horizontally folding wing

Yingge Ni — Wed, 28 Apr 2021 03:13:48 +0200

To investigate the structural dynamic characteristics of a folding wing effectively, a fast structural dynamic modeling approach is proposed. Firstly, the interface compatible relationship of the traditional fixed interface component modal synthesis method is modified, and the internal force of the interface is completely expressed in the structural dynamic equation, so that the influence of the connection stiffness on the wing structure dynamics can be considered. Then, on the basis of the fixed interface component modal synthesis method, the main mode of fixed-loaded interface is introduced to establish the mixed-loaded interface component modal synthesis method, which makes it feasible to accurately reflect the influence of elasticity and inertia of fuselage and outer wing on inner wing. The structural dynamics modeling method based on two different kinds of component modal synthesis method analyzed and deduced in detail. The application of component modal synthesis method in the fast structural dynamics modeling of folding wing is achieved. The whole program is compiled in MATLAB. At the same time, the dynamic characteristics of the folding wing with different folding angles, different connections and different connection positions is investigated. The results of the method proposed in this paper are compared with the results of the repeated finite model established in MSC.NASTRAN to verify the effectiveness from the aspects of natural frequency and vibration mode.

Cold Fusion by Cherenkov Radiation in a Unique Ceramic

Roshdy Barsoum — Tue, 27 Apr 2021 18:04:02 +0200

Cold Fusion can be generated by a unique Ceramic of Hydrated Alkali Aluminum Silicates (Ref. 2). We have shown that a standard battery electrolyte can be used with either Lithium or Lead batteries. Some of the major application is to generate clean energy for Unmanned Vehicles, cars and many public transportations vehicles giving them unlimited range of operations.

Assimilation capabilities of the IRI-Plas model

Olga Maltseva — Mon, 26 Apr 2021 15:11:02 +0200

In studies of the ionosphere, empirical models play no less a role than experimental data. The most common is the IRI model [1], which describes well the behavior of such parameters as the critical frequency foF2 and the maximum height hmF2. The model allows assimilation of these parameters while adapting to the data of the current diagnostics. But in connection with the appearance of navigation satellites and the measurement of the total electronic content TEC, the IRI-Plas model appeared, which allows the assimilation of the TEC [2]. This can provide great advantages in studying the behavior of the ionosphere, in particular, the parameter foF2, during disturbances along the meridians. One of the possible approaches is assimilation of the IRI-Plas model to the latitudinal dependence of TEC. To test this approach, it is proposed to use a network of ionosondes along the meridian. The ionosonde data at each point is used to calculate the equivalent slab thickness τ of the ionosphere, and from its values at these points, a polynomial latitudinal dependence of τ is constructed. Using this dependence and the observational TEC values along the meridian, the foF2(rec) values calculated using τ and foF2(Plas) obtained by assimilation of the TEC into the IRI-Plas model are determined and compared. The effectiveness of this procedure is illustrated by the example of the 15° E meridian and the known disturbances of March 2012. Five ionosondes are located along this meridian: Longyearbyen, Tromso, Juliusruh, Pruhonice, Rome. According to the data of these ionosondes, it was shown that the frequencies foF2(rec) correspond to the observational values of foF2(obs) with absolute deviations |foF2(rec)| in the range of 0.3-0.4 MHz. To determine the TEC, JPL global maps are used in the range of 30° N-80° N with a step of 2.5°. These values are substituted into the IRI-Plas model and the foF2(Plas) values are calculated. To assess the efficiency of assimilation, two coefficients are introduced: η(TEC) = TEC(obs)/TEC(Plas) and η(foF2) = foF2(rec)/foF2(Plas). In the latitudinal course, the relative error can be defined as (1-1/η)*100%. The absolute TEC deviations were in the range of 0.5-1 TECU, the relative deviations were in the 3.5-6% range and increased with increasing latitude. For foF2, an additional comparison with the IRI model is given. IRI-Plas always gives better results than IRI. For latitudes exceeding 45° N, |ΔfoF2(Plas)| varies from 0.6 MHz to 0.2 MHz with increasing latitude, for IRI it is almost constant (~ 0.5 MHz), the relative deviations for foF2(Plas) decrease from 10% to 5%, for IRI, they are almost constant around 10%. A noticeable increase is observed at low latitudes. Despite the fact that the difference between the results of IRI-Plas and IRI is only 1.5-2 times, it should be noted that IRI-Plas reflects the nature of disturbances much better. The constructed successive latitudinal dependences of foF2(Plas) show day-to-day variations that are in good agreement with the behavior of foF2 in individual latitudinal zones noted in separate papers. Thus, this approach can be used to study variations in foF2 during disturbances on the meridians not provided by ionosondes.

REFERENCES

D. Bilitza, D. Altadill, V. Truhlik, et al., “IRI 2016: From ionospheric climate to real-time weather predictions,” Space Weather, Vol. 15, pp. 418 – 429, (2017).
T.L. Gulyaeva, X. Huang, and B.W. Reinisch, “Plasmaspheric extension of topside electron density profiles”, Adv. Space Res., Vol. 29(6), pp. 825-831. (2002).

Numerical prediction of the distribution of black carbon in a street canyon using a semi-Lagrangian finite element formulation

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 23 Apr 2021 10:47:19 +0200

We present a procedure for coupling the uid and transport equations to model the distribution of a pollutant in a street canyon, in this case, black carbon (BC). The fluid flow is calculated with a stabilized finite element method using the Quasi-Static Variational Multiscale (QS-VMS) technique. For the temperature and pollutant transport we use a semi-Lagrangian procedure, based on the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) combined with an Eulerian method based on a Finite Increment Calculus (FIC) formulation. Both methods are implemented on the open-source KRATOS Multiphysics platform. The coupled numerical formulation is applied to the prediction of the transport of BC in a street canyon, which can be a useful tool to lessen the impact of pollutants on pedestrians. Two test cases have been studied: a 2D simplified case and a more complex 3D one. The main goal of this study is to propose a useful tool to study the effect of pollution on pedestrians in a street-level scale. Good comparison with experimental results is obtained.

Exercise Motivation Levels on Student Activity Unit (UKM Basketball) at Universitas Djuanda

INSPIREE: Indonesian Sport Innovation Review — Thu, 22 Apr 2021 03:55:02 +0200

The purpose of the study. This study aims to determine how high the level of training motivation of athletes when carrying out training. The background of this research is the inconsistency level of achievement shown by the Basketball Student Activity Unit, Djuanda University, Bogor.

Materials and methods. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach, through descriptive methods using a survey method of the basketball team members consisting of 20 people. Data in the form of questionnaire values on the Likert scale were processed using simple statistics SPSS Version 26 to determine the value of descriptive statistics as the final result of the study. Results. The results showed that the level of motivation of athletes who took part in training at the basketball Student Activity Unit (UKM) at Djuanda University, Bogor was in the moderate majority. This result is based on the consideration that the highest frequency is in the medium criteria of 40%. Motivation of athletes in the criteria is very high by 5%, 20% high, 20% less and 15% very less. Conclusions. The percentage of motivation revealed from this study was dominated by the medium category, with a percentage that was less than the high percentage 25% <35%. This can be taken into consideration to be able to evaluate the psychological training program and mental training of the basketball club athletes for better achievement. Received: February, 26, 2021 Accepted: March 13, 2021 Published: March 19, 2021.

FIBRE4YARDS: Visión general del Proyecto_20210415

Dominika Behrendt — Tue, 20 Apr 2021 13:37:02 +0200

Epidemiological study of human rabies cases in Bangladesh through verbal autopsy

Sumon Ghosh — Sat, 17 Apr 2021 08:43:02 +0200

Identiﬁcation of risk factors is crucial to ﬁnd ways to reduce rabies deaths. We investigated the hospital records of rabies deceased through contact tracing of the relatives of the victims using enhanced verbal autopsies (VA) to identify why the people had to die from rabies in recent years in Bangladesh. Patients whose deaths were conﬁrmed by physicians based on the history of animal exposure and clinical signs were taken into account for VA. Socio-demographic proﬁle of the deceased, animal exposure, nature of the wound, and history of postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) data were obtained and analysed. The study found 256 cases in which the cause of death was attributed to rabies, most of the victims were male (71.88%), resided in the rural community (80.47%), dependent (49.22%), and children below the age of 15 years (47.27%). Dogs were the single most responsible (81.64%); however, cats (12.11%), jackals (3.91%) and mongoose (2.34%) were also found accountable for rabies incidence (P< 0.05). Signiﬁcantly, limbs were the most common (67.97%) site of exposure, and the shortest incubation period was identiﬁed in the case of bites to head and face (P < 0.05). The majority (86.72%) of the deceased did not receive any PEP; whereas, 66.80% sought treatment from traditional healers. Among the deceased (13.28%, n¼ 34) who had received PEP, only 8.82% of them completed the full course of the vaccination regimen (P< 0.01); however, none of them had history of taking rabies immunoglobulin (RIG). The study recommends extensive public health awareness programs in the rural community and establishing methods to improve healthcare-seeking behaviours, including receiving PEP instead of visiting traditional healers. Moreover, the availability and accessibility of PEP in the government hospital facilities are desirable, and laboratory-based surveillance with compatible rapid data reporting may be incorporated in the existing policy.

Socio-Economic Burden of Tuberculosis among Hospitalized Patients in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Sumon Ghosh — Sat, 17 Apr 2021 08:41:02 +0200

Tuberculosis (TB) affects the most productive age group people, resulting in economic loss to the individual and their family, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the economic burden of TB in Hospitalized patients. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among hospitalized TB patients who visited the National Institute of Chest Disease and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from June 2017 through February 2018. Most TB patients were male (95%) with the age group between 36 and 50 years (42.3%). A majority of the patients (96%) came to the hospital for retreatment of TB. Two-third of the patients went to the hospital from rural areas. The average cost for treating individual TB patients was ~600 US$ (United States dollar). The average productive days lost of a TB patient were 141 days. TB patients from rural areas spent more money than patients living in urban and semi-urban areas. More awareness is needed, particularly in rural people about the current TB burden, nearest TB treatment facilities, and the National Tuberculosis Control Program to minimize economic loss. These study findings also demand the establishment of a specialized TB hospital at the sub-district level.

Antibiotic Use Among Children Under 5 Years of Age in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh

Sumon Ghosh — Sat, 17 Apr 2021 08:40:03 +0200

Antimicrobial resistance is common in low-middle-income countries caused by inappropriate and irrational use of antibiotics in humans and animals. Bangladesh has very limited information on antibiotic use and associated resistance. This study explored the prescribing pattern of antibiotics uses among children visiting a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. We conducted a crosssectional study among 400 hospitalized children less than 5 years of age from February to April, 2019, in a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh. Among the 400 children, >50% belonged to the age group for less than 1 year and >60% were male. The average hospital stay period was 3 days (range 1–14 days). The majority of the children had a history of respiratory illnesses (32.2%) and 31% had diarrhea. Most of the children (81.7%) were prescribed one or more antibiotics. The average number of antibiotics per child was 1.17. A combined form of antibiotics was prescribed in 17.43% of children. A total of 14 different antibiotics were prescribed. The most common antibiotic was ceftriaxone (62.39%), followed by azithromycin (18.65%). The parental route was mostly preferred (74.92%) for antibiotic administration. The antibiotic prescription was common in children less than 5 years of age visiting a tertiary level hospital. Most of the prescribed antibiotics were broad spectrum that can promote bacterial resistance. The study’s finding is useful to draw attention to the public health policymakers for taking necessary actions on the appropriate use of antibiotics among children in Bangladesh.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of nontyphoidal Salmonella isolated from chickens in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Sumon Ghosh — Sat, 17 Apr 2021 08:39:02 +0200

Salmonellosis in poultry is an important disease that seriously impedes the development of the poultry industry. The increased resistance to antimicrobials against Salmonella has been a major public health concern worldwide. We conducted a study from January to June 2016 in and around the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh on the commercial chicken to isolate, identify and characterize poultryspecific Salmonella, to assess the potential risk factors and to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolates. The overall prevalence of Salmonella enterica was 41% (49/120) [95% CI: 31.95%– 50.17%] with 41.7% in broiler chicken (25/60) [95% CI: 29.06%– 55.12%] and 40% in layer chicken

Major zoonotic diseases of public health importance in Bangladesh

Sumon Ghosh — Sat, 17 Apr 2021 08:33:03 +0200

Zoonotic diseases cause repeated outbreaks in humans globally. The majority of emerging infections in humans are zoonotic. COVID19 is an ideal example of a recently identified emerging zoonotic disease, causing a global pandemic. Anthropogenic factors such as modernisation of agriculture and livestock farming, wildlife hunting, the destruction of wild animal habitats, mixing wild and domestic animals, wildlife trading, changing food habits and urbanisation could drive the emergence of zoonotic diseases in humans. Since 2001, Bangladesh has been reporting many emerging zoonotic disease outbreaks such as nipah, highly pathogenic avian influenza, pandemic H1N1, and COVID19. There are many other potential zoonotic pathogens such as Ebola, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Kyasanur forest disease virus and Crimean– Congo haemorrhagic fever that may emerge in the future. However, we have a limited understanding of zoonotic diseases’ overall risk in humans and associated factors that drive the emergence of zoonotic pathogens. This narrative review summarised the major emerging, reemerging, neglected and other potential zoonotic diseases in Bangladesh and their associated risk factors. Nipah virus and Bacillus anthracis caused repeated outbreaks in humans. More than 300 human cases with Nipah virus infection were reported since the first outbreak in 2001. The highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) caused more than 550 outbreaks in poultry, and eight human cases were reported so far since 2007. People of Bangladesh are frequently exposed to zoonotic pathogens due to close interaction with domestic and peridomestic animals. The rapidly changing intensified animal– human– ecosystem interfaces and risky practices increase the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. The narrative review's findings are useful to draw attention to the risk and emergence of zoonotic diseases to public health policymakers in Bangladesh and the application of onehealth approach to address this public health threat. We conducted a narrative review of the published literature with a focus on zoonotic diseases reported from Bangladesh. Relevant research articles, review articles, abstracts, case reports, communications, letters, book chapters, conference proceedings and other relevant documents were searched in MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar. Specific

Joint optimization of condition-based maintenance and inventory ordering based on status monitoring for multi-unit system

HUAYANG DENG — Wed, 14 Apr 2021 03:05:37 +0200

In the modern industry, in order to reduce the inventory pressure, a variety of parts began to use unified kind spare parts for maintenance. However, highly integrated equipment is more difficult to use traditional RCM models, and researchers begin to steering based on state monitoring methods. Deepen a prediction of equipment failure. This paper mainly discussed the data-driven analysis method based on the Wiener process to predict the fault law of the same type. The joint model innovatively adopts the (''s''-1, ''s'') policy considering the industrial characteristic and multi-period resupply. In the end, we analyze (''s''-1, ''s'') policy in joint optimization by comparison to draw the optimal policy combination.

The volatility of natural gas prices - Structural shocks and influencing factors

Dejan Brkić — Mon, 12 Apr 2021 11:22:04 +0200

The paper examines the primary drivers and factors influencing the volatility of natural gas prices in the world from January 2007 to July 2020. In addition to the narrow dependence between crude oil and natural gas prices, the influence of renewable energy production and coal production on the price of natural gas has been studied. For that purpose, the method of multiple linear regression was used. The results show that the volatility of natural gas prices significantly depends on the type of the shock in the natural gas market and that the total production of energy from renewable sources, production of coal and natural gas and the price of crude oil have a significant impact on the price of gas.

yyy Theory

jalil gharibi — Mon, 05 Apr 2021 11:54:02 +0200

Simulação numérica do escoamento superficial por meio do método do reticulado de Boltzmann utilizando junção de sub-bacias

Vanderlei Galina — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 19:30:08 +0200

Investigou-se o escoamento superficial em bacia hidrográfica por meio da simulação numérica unidimensional utilizando o método do reticulado de Boltzmann (LBM). Desenvolveu-se um modelo computacional onde a bacia hidrográfica é representada pela junção de nove sub-bacias. Para isto, foram estabelecidas duas funções de distribuição de equilíbrio obtidas por meio da expansão de Chapmann-Enskog e utilizando o reticulado D1Q5, uma adequada para o escoamento na superfície da bacia e outra para o canal principal, obtendo a profundidade da água na superfície da bacia e a área da seção transversal nos canais. Além disso, estabeleceu-se a condição de contorno na passagem de fluxo de uma sub-bacia para outra, levando em consideração a conservação da massa e, para se obter uma simulação mais próxima da realidade, considerou-se uma vazão inicial que ocorre no rio (escoamento de base), em cada trecho de canal. Os resultados numéricos obtidos pelo LBM foram comparados com dados medidos em campo.

A Method for Accurate and Efficient Propagation of Satellite Orbits: A Case Study for a Molniya Orbit

Roberto Flores — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 17:34:02 +0200

Fast and precise propagation of satellite orbits is required for mission design, orbit determination and payload data analysis. We present a method to improve the computational performance of numerical propagators and simultaneously maintain the accuracy level required by any particular application. This is achieved by determining the positional accuracy needed and the corresponding acceptable error in acceleration on the basis of the mission requirements, removing those perturbation forces whose effect is negligible compared to the accuracy requirement, implementing an efficient and precise algorithm for the harmonic synthesis of the geopotential gradient (i.e., the gravitational acceleration) and adjusting the tolerance of the numerical propagator to achieve the prescribed accuracy level with minimum cost. In particular, to achieve the optimum balance between accuracy and computational performance, the number of geopotential spherical harmonics to retain is adjusted during the integration on the basis of the accuracy requirement. The contribution of high-order harmonics decays rapidly with altitude, so the minimum expansion degree meeting the target accuracy decreases with height. The optimum degree for each altitude is determined by making the truncation error of the harmonic synthesis equal to the admissible acceleration error. This paper presents a detailed description of the technique and test cases highlighting its accuracy and efficiency.

BEHAVIOUR OF A CRACKED GAS PIPELINE

Alejandro José Giudici — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 17:08:03 +0200

When designing systems for the transportation and distribution of gas, safety is
one of the main issues to be considered. In order to minimize potential hazards, this subject
is treated in international regulations. Manufacturing characteristics of gas pipes and their
typical defects are described in the first part of this work. Safety concerns related to the
presence of real and potential crack type defects in gas pipes are presented. An actual gas
pipeline, which has been feeding natural gas to the city of Córdoba (Argentina) for more than
forty years, is considered as a study case. In order to determine the properties of this gas
pipeline, mechanical tests from material samples were carried out. The stress state associated
with “plane” type defects is determined using a model that is based on the material toughness of
the pipe, which is appropriate for studying the behavior of cracks. This model allows computing,
depending on the dimensions of the pipe, the transition pressure which separates possible
defects into two categories: defects which cause failure by breakage of the pipe and defects
which only cause gas leaks. The pipe failure pressure for passing and non-passing defects can
also be determined using this model. The system safety conditions are defined considering the
size of the defects and the work pressure. The range of lengths of possible defects, the size of
the defects that are critical, and the size of the defects which are tolerable for a fixed safety
coefficient, are determined. Finally, the problem of determining in a quick way, the reduced
pressure acceptable for the safe operation until repairs, of a system under the presence of a
crack of “non-tolerable size”, is addressed.

DAMAGE BY CORROSION IN PIPELINES

Alejandro José Giudici — Wed, 31 Mar 2021 16:55:02 +0200

When designing systems for the transportation and distribution of gas, safety is one of the main issues to be considered. In order to minimize potential hazards, this subject is treated in international regulations. Safety concerns related to the presence of real and potential corrosion type defects in gas pipes are presented. An actual gas pipeline, which has been feeding natural gas to the city of Córdoba (Argentina) for more than forty years, is considered as a study case. In order to determine the properties of this gas pipeline, mechanical tests from material samples were carried out. The stress state associated with “volumetric” type defects is determined using a model that is based on the flux stress of the material of the pipe, which is appropriate for studying the behavior of corroded pipelines. This model allows computing, depending on the dimensions of the pipe and the length of the defect, the transition pressure which separates possible defects into two categories: those which cause failure by breakage of the pipe and those which only cause gas leaks. The pipe failure pressure for passing and non-passing defects can also be determined using this model. The system safety conditions are defined considering the size of the defects and the work pressure. The range of lengths of possible defects, the size of the defects that are critical, and the size of the defects which are tolerable for a fixed safety coefficient, are determined. Finally, the problem of determining in a quick way, the reduced pressure acceptable for the safe operation until repairs, of a system under the presence of flaws of “non-tolerable size”, is addressed.

Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic in Construction Labor Productivity: A Quantitative and Qualitative Data Analysis

Emer T. Quezon — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 21:33:02 +0100

This research aims to identify and analyze the various factors affecting construction labor productivity covering the period from December 9, 2020, to January 31, 2021, a year after it was declared Covid-19 a pandemic. Due to the pandemic effect, the local government units in four selected study areas imposed intermittent Enhance Community Quarantine on all places to control the Coronavirus spread in compliance with the health department protocol. Fifty-five questionnaires returned out of 63 distributed are tabulated according to each group-related factor. The correlation analysis resulted in the highest coefficient value of 0.89 between the CTDEO and contractor groups. Meaning, most respondents have the same perception of the factors affecting construction's low labor productivity. Besides, results depicted that the absence of health workers on the construction site ranked 1st in the health & safety provision factor group with an RII of 0.97, followed by no safety engineers on the construction project sites with an RII of 0.93. From all the seven groups of factors, the health and safety group-related factors ranked 1st with an RII of 0.81, next, the schedule compression group with an RII of 0.78. Hypothesis testing asserted that working six days per week was one of the significant factors affecting labor productivity on the contractor's side, suggested by more than 50% of the respondents. The workforce group-related factors with an RII of 0.77 demonstrated a slight difference with the schedule compression group-related factors. Thus, the Covid-19 pandemic has a significant effect on the essential factors affecting construction's low labor productivity.

Accurate Timoshenko beam elements for linear elastostatics and LPB stability

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 12:39:10 +0100

Several methods to derive accurate Timoshenko beam finite elements are presented and compared. Two application problems are examined: linear elastostatics and linearized prebuckling (LPB) stability analysis. Accurate elements can be derived for both problems using a well known technique that long preceeds the Finite Element Method: using homogeneous solutions of the governing equations as shape functions. An interesting question is: can accurate elements be derived with simpler assumptions? In particular, can linear-linear interpolation of displacements and rotations with one-point integration reproduce those elements? The answers are: no if standard variational tools based on classical functionals are used, but yes if modified functionals are introduced. The connection of modified functionals to newer methods, in particular templates, modified differential equations and Finite Increment Calculus (FIC) are examined. The results brings closure to a 50-year conumdrum centered on this particular finite element model. In addition, the discovery of modified functionals provides motivation for extending these methods to full geometrically nonlinear analysis while still using inexpensive numerical integration.

Mathematical optimization problems for particle finite element analysis applied to 2D landslide modeling

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 12:13:07 +0100

Notwithstanding its complexity in terms of numerical implementation and limitations in coping with problems involving extreme deformation, the finite element method (FEM) offers the advantage of solving complicated mathematical problems with diverse boundary conditions. Recently, a version of the particle finite element method (PFEM) was proposed for analyzing large-deformation problems. In this version of the PFEM, the finite element formulation, which was recast as a standard optimization problem and resolved efficiently using advanced optimization engines, was adopted for incremental analysis whilst the idea of particle approaches was employed to tackle mesh issues resulting from the large deformations. In this paper, the numerical implementation of this version of PFEM is detailed, revealing some key numerical aspects that are distinct from the conventional FEM, such as the solution strategy, imposition of displacement boundary conditions, and treatment of contacts. Additionally, the correctness and robustness of this version of PFEM in conducting failure and post-failure analyses of landslides are demonstrated via a stability analysis of a typical slope and a case study on the 2008 Tangjiashan landslide, China. Comparative studies between the results of the PFEM simulations and available data are performed qualitatively as well as quantitatively.

A nodal-integration based particle finite element method (N-PFEM) to model cliff recession

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 11:42:20 +0100

Cliff recession poses a significant threat to the built environment, transportation infrastructure and land use. In this paper, a novel computational framework called the Nodal-integration based Particle Finite Element Method (N-PFEM) is developed for modelling the cliff recession resulting from weathering-induced landslides. The N-PFEM combines the nodal-integration technique with the PFEM in second-order cone programming and thus requires no variable mapping operation, which is essential in the classical PFEM for modelling history-dependent materials, for modelling large deformation problems such as landslides in cliff recession processes. To verify the developed N-PFEM, a series of benchmarks have been simulated including the cliff recession under both the weathering-limited and transport-limited conditions. Simulation results from the N-PFEM are validated in detail to these from the limit analysis method, well established geomorphologic models and the discrete element method. Additionally, measures for preventing cliff recession such as the construction of retaining wall structures are also investigated using the N-PFEM.

A review of graphene reinforced Cu matrix composites for thermal management of smart electronics

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 10:34:47 +0100

Heat dissipation remains a key challenge to be addressed, determining the performance and durability of smart electronic devices. Graphene reinforced metal matrix composites have been extensively studied as a thermal management material due to their high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion. The emphasis of this review is pivoted on the thermal conductivity enhancement of graphene reinforced Cu matrix composites developed in the recent literature. An overview of factors affecting thermal conductivity of composite namely defect processing route, density, graphene derivative, lateral size, concentration, alignment, graphene/matrix interfacial bonding and graphene modification are discussed. An extensive weightage is given to the processing route as it is the most influential factor in determining the enhancement efficiency. Furthermore, graphene based functional products such as heat spreader and heat sink developed for heat dissipation of electronic devices are also reviewed. Finally, the development and outlook for graphene based Cu composites are presented.

Methodological-technological framework for construction 4.0

María Jesús Samper — Fri, 26 Mar 2021 09:52:58 +0100

The construction industry has traditionally been characterised by the high diversity of its agents and processes, high resistance to change and low incorporation of technology compared to manufacturing industries. However, the construction sector is experiencing now a strong renovation process in methodology and tools due to the incorporation of the Building Information Modelling, Lean Construction and Integrated Project Delivery. Meanwhile, in production systems, “Industry 4.0” is a new paradigm that proposes automation, monitoring, sensorisation, robotisation, and digitalisation to improve production and distribution processes. In this context, some authors have proposed the concept of “Construction 4.0” as the counterpart of Industry 4.0 for the construction sector, although the methodological-technological implications are not clear. This research shows a methodological-technological framework adapted to the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations industry. This papers includes a detailed proposal for a reference frameworks and related technologies that could impact on this sector, responding to its complexities and specific challenges, such as the unique spaces for each work, which are difficult to standardise, arbitrary cost overruns and a productivity far below the average for other industries, increasing competitiveness and globalisation, as opposed to its traditionally local deployment, and an increasing demand to reduce the carbon footprint for all its activities.

Evaluation of the HMA performance using combined effects of marble waste dust filler and superpave aggregate gradation

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 18:15:03 +0100

During the fabrication of new products, a variety of wastes discharged and stored by causing harsh environmental problems. The marble processing plant is amongst the industrial sector that produces huge waste. Thus, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of marble waste dust filler and Superpave aggregate gradation on the performance of HMA. Based on the Marshall Mix design, seventy-two (72) specimens were produced from three below-restricted zones (BRZ) of Superpave gradation (BRZ4, BRZ5, & BRZ6) by using the 0.45 power chart. The design gradation obtained to be BRZ5 with 4.96% OBC with corresponding values 9.13 KN of stability, 2.96 mm of flow, 73.51% of VFA, 15.73% of VMA, 2.308 gm/cm3, of bulk density, and 4% of air void. The crushed stone dust filler was partially replaced by Marble Waste Dust filler (under No. 200 sieve) at a replacement rate of (1%, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, and 5%) by keeping design gradation and OBC constant. The test showed satisfactory results. The Marshall mix design parameters of all mixtures are within the specification limit under international and local specifications. Marble waste dust filler when blended with a BRZ of Superpave gradation indicated a substantial effect on Marshall stability with 10.18 KN value at 3% MWD filler content.

Evaluation of waste engine oil rejuvenation for highly short term aged asphalt binder

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 18:07:02 +0100

The aging property of the asphalt binder is time-dependent. A time-dependent short-term aging property of 80/100 penetration grade bitumen and the possibility of waste engine oil rejuvenation for the highly aged asphalt binder performance were investigated. Four specimens of equal weight from the penetration grade-80/100 bitumen are collected. The first specimen was checked for quality requirements. The other three specimens were aged using a rolling thin film oven for 85, 115, and 145 minutes to simulate the delay during hot mix asphalt production, hauling, and compaction. The highly aged bitumen was rejuvenated with 2%, 5%, and 10% Waste Engine Oil by weight. Results indicated that as the aging time increased, penetration and ductility decreased, softening point, flash point, fire point, and mass loss increased. A conventional test showed that highly aged bitumen from the trial period was 145 minutes and 10% waste engine oil obtained the optimum dosage. Further, multiple stress creeps recovery analyses indicated the rejuvenated binder is prone to pavement rutting above 70°C, and rejuvenation is effective for pavement temperature below 70°C. Hence, exposing the asphalt binder for temperature for a more extended period affects pavement performance.

Statistical Analysis on Shear Strength Parameter from Index Properties of Fine-grained Soils

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:45:02 +0100

Shear strength is the essential engineering property of soil required to analyze and design foundations, retaining walls, bridges, embankment, and related infrastructure. The laboratory equipment and field instruments are not sufficient in developing countries to obtain soil engineering properties, especially strength properties. Thus, Geotechnical engineers usually endeavor to develop statistical models that best fit a particular area and soil type, especially for analysis and design purposes. In this research, a Statistical Analysis on the Shear Strength parameter from the Index Properties of Fine-Grained Soils was studied. For predicting the undrained shear strength parameter, single linear regression (SLR) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) analyses were developed. To develop the intended statistical models for a study, SAS JMP Pro 13, SPSS v22, and Microsoft Excel-2013 software were introduced. The results of a study indicated that undrained shear strength(Cu) was significantly correlated with liquid limit(LL), plastic limit(PL), bulk density (ρbulk), dry density(ρdry), natural moisture content(NMC), and plasticity index(PI). While it was not significantly correlated with a specific gravity (Gs) and liquidity index (LI) of study area soil. Finally, a strong Model of Cu with a coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.806), good significance level, and less Std. error was obtained from multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. The developed model can figure undrained shear strength parameter and wide application in the construction industry to minimize the cost, effort, and time for laboratory tests of shear strength parameter of a study area.

Model-Based Urban Road Network Performance Measurement Using Travel Time Reliability: A Case Study of Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:37:03 +0100

In heterogeneous traffic conditions, the performance of the road network is described by vehicles and driver characteristics. Nowadays, traffic congestion, delay, and unreliability are terms that are most associated with present-day travel, in which transport users spend their precious time on long traffic queues. Due to this, late arrival at the workplace and appointment for social or business activities have become a perennial problem in the study area. In addition, during traffic queues, vehicle fuel emission increases in congested traffic segments affecting the environment, particularly the issue of global warming. This research study evaluated the performance of the road network in terms of travel time reliability in order to determine the main factors affecting travel time reliability. Ten road segments were selected to analyze the performance level and efficiency of the road network, considering the travel time probability distribution, and reliability of road segments in Addis Ababa City. From these road segments, nine were selected to formulate the model, and one road segment considered for validation of the result. The reliability of the road segments was analyzed using travel time reliability measures such as buffer time, buffer time index, planning time index, and the travel time index. It was used a multiple linear regression model to predict the travel time reliability of the road segments with R2

Performance Evaluation of Grade Separation Within the Selected Major Intersection in Addis Ababa City

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:34:02 +0100

Urban City Traffic Management introduced various remedies to decongest traffic and to reduce the severity of accidents, such as providing traffic signal controls at the intersecting roads at different levels, or grade separating the traffic movement towards different directions. One type of grade separation is Road Underpass or Flyover. The construction of Road Underpass or Flyover poses some doubts whether it is effective or ineffective from the point of view of the travelers or motorists. It is for this reason that this research sought to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the Road Underpass structure on traffic flow at the major intersection, specifically the Wellosefer intersection in Addis Ababa City. The primary data used the existing traffic volume recorded between 7:00 AM – 6:00 PM from Monday to Friday. While the secondary data obtained from the Consulting Office 'before' the improvement of Wellosefer intersection, including the previous study, which served as the control analysis for the research. From these data, the analyses provided results on vehicle travel time and delay for a case 'before' and 'after' improvement of the intersection. SIDRA Software was used to analyze the traffic conditions of the intersection. Based on the findings of the study, a case 'before' Improvement of Wellosefer Unsignalized T-Intersection indicated an average delay of vehicles of about 535.7 seconds and a travel time of vehicles of about 574.7 seconds. On the other hand, in a case 'after' Improvement of Wellosefer intersection, three alternatives considered; such as 1) Signalized T-Intersection, 2) Roundabout and 3) Road Underpass with Roundabout at the upper level. The results of the first alternative showed the Signalized T-intersection indicated an average delay and travel time of 344.3 seconds and 365.0 seconds, respectively. It means, there could be a reduction of 15.4% in average delay if signalized intersection implemented. The second alternative, a case of Roundabout using the same traffic data at current condition, the results indicated the motorists and commuters would be experiencing an average delay of about 355.8 seconds and average travel time of 390.0 seconds. The third alternative considering Road Underpass with Roundabout at the upper level, the results revealed that there was a significant reduction in an average delay of vehicles of about 42% from the Unsignalized T-Intersection. Comparing this result with the Signalized intersection using the same traffic data, showed that there was a significant decrease in average delay. Therefore, the findings of the study, a combination of Road Underpass and Roundabout at the upper level as in the case of Wellosefer intersection performed well than the other traffic control design alternatives.

Traffic Safety Evaluation at Unsignalized road Intersection using Proactive Approach

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:27:02 +0100

Deaths and injuries as a result of road accidents are a recognized global problem and authorities are aware of the consequences this global phenomenon might lead to. Because of the rapid development of urbanization and motorization in developing and transitional countries, like Ethiopia, actions to improve traffic safety conditions are urgently needed. Highway intersections are among the greatest safety challenges because they are some of the most common highway features. Improving the safety level of the urban intersection is an important way to increase safety. Safety evaluations can help to develop effective safety countermeasures to lower crash rates and reduce crash severity. So how to diagnose safety problems and improve urban road intersection safety effectively becomes an important issue. Now, there have been quite a number of safety analysis methods and theories in the city intersection, but these methods and theories are formed on the basis of traffic accidents. However, the data on traffic accidents is not accurate enough, these theories are not appropriate for our country. Also, it is impractical and unethical to wait for accidents to occur before being able to draw statistically sound conclusions regarding safety improvement. Hence there is a need to develop a proactive approach, a non-accident-based approach, to evaluate urban road Unsignalized intersection safety performance. A proactive approach (indirect and non-accident based approach) was attempted to that of traditional reactive approach (direct and accident based approach) which is purely based on the existing conditions that have direct relationships or impacts to traffic safety such as the geometric, traffic control & engineering, road Surface and environment characteristics. The non-accident-based approach is based on field surveys under the conditions mentioned previously, summarizes the intersection safety diagnosis in a safety index to indicate the safety performance of the intersection. The study indicates that the proposed methodology and intersection safety diagnosis technique can be used to perform an evaluation of traffic safety and improvement at an intersection even when there are few resources available. Also, the use of intersection safety diagnosis is a more resource-efficient and ethically appealing alternative for fast, reliable, and effective safety assessment.

Investigation of Pedestrian Safety Problems and Its Countermeasures: A Case Study in Nekemte City, Ethiopia

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:12:02 +0100

The actual growth of urban economic activities and simple movements of peoples and goods measured through its primary transport system. The requirements of the pedestrian should be considered in the design of the urban environment and transportation facilities. Since road infrastructure improvements and designed pedestrian environments are an essential part of road safety enhancements that increase walking and decrease fatalities. This study investigated the pedestrian safety problems and its countermeasures on road segments in Nekemte city. This study examined the existing issues affecting the safety of pedestrian movement, evaluates the service quality of walking facilities, and finally identified the most significant factors affecting pedestrian safety with engineering countermeasures in the city. For the data analysis, the study used both objective measurements and subjective assessments to model PLOS using Australian methods. As per field study indicates 60% of the respondents' think the sidewalk is not user-friendly. In the city, the built road infrastructure is lacking pedestrian facility management and appropriate maintenance activities. Since the walkways in Nekemte city, in general, have almost the same problems like non-continuous, crack, and non-covered utility holes which are difficult especially for pedestrians with disabilities. The current sidewalk is encroached either by vendors, utility poles, parking carts or illegal construction materials in different places, and crosswalk facilities are not visible and not enough provided at a logical distance. The Pedestrian LOS analysis indicates that poor pedestrian conditions exist and the factors that negatively affect pedestrian LOS are wide-ranging in this city road segment. It concluded that Pedestrian facilities and all the concerned factors should be provided and maintained to more efficient for both encouraging people to walk and improve pedestrian safety.

Analysis of StressStrain and Deflection of Flexible Pavements Using Finite Element Method Case Study on Bako-Nekemte Road

Emer T. Quezon — Wed, 24 Mar 2021 17:03:02 +0100

In Ethiopia, the failure of roads is before the handover period. Most roads found in Ethiopia are flexible pavements. Nowadays, the failure of the surface of flexible pavement roads is common before the expected design period. For example, the Bako-Nekemte road/ has become a critical issue in our country. The most common parameters that cause stress, strain, and deflection of the roads are loads and pressures that come from vehicles. Moreover, the modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, and thickness of each layer need to be characterized. Further, the load magnitude, contact pressure (or load radius), and location are defined for each load (wheel) considered. The finite element method (FEM) is a numerical analysis technique to obtain the stress-strain and deflection of each pavement layer. The analytical method usually uses layers thickness, loads, elastic modulus, and Poisson’s ratio of the pavement materials as design parameters. The objective of this research was to study the sensitivity of the road parameters in analyzing the major causes of failure in asphalt pavement layers fatigue cracking and rutting deformation which came due to the critical tensile strains at the bottom of the asphalt layer and the critical compressive strains on the top of subgrade using the finite element method by relating the standard specification of ERA and laboratory test result. This thesis studied the analysis of stress-strain and deflection of flexible pavements using the Everstress finite element method. The Ever stress program will take into account any stress-dependent stiffness characteristics. This thesis dealt with ways to reduce deflections by varying the design configuration, such as increasing the HMA modulus, the base modulus, sub-base modulus, the subgrade modulus, and increasing the thickness of each layer. Based on the type of materials to use the value of elastic modulus and poison’s ratio are various in each layer, in layer 1 is varied from 1500 to 3500 MPa, in layer 2 is varied from 200 to 1000MPa, in layer 3 is varied from 100 to 250 MPa and in layer 4 is varied from 20MPa to 150MPa.

Efficiency Assessment of the Complex Process of Variable Cutting Parameters

Diamond20210 — Tue, 23 Mar 2021 15:31:19 +0100

Saving energy and low carbon strategy has becoming the future trend of manufacturing industry. Cutting process in mechanical manufacturing has the characteristics of heavy energy consumption and complex process. The estimation and evaluation of energy consumption and energy efficiency of cutting process are hot topics in research groups and industry. The energy consumption of cutting process is determined by the load, which is related to the cutting parameters under fixed cutting systems, while the cutting parameter might change with the cutting process and material. Based on the relationship between energy consumption and cutting characteristics and the quality requirements, the cutting specific energy u(t) = P(t)/M(t), which is varies with time is proposed to evaluate the energy consumption of various cutting parameters under complex machining processes. The influence of cutting parameters on cutting energy consumption is studied by experiments and a calculation method is proposed to calculate cutting energy consumption. Finally, a case study of complex curve machining in mold manufacturing is illustrated to prove the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation method.

Offshore Oil and Gas Safety: Protection against Explosions

Dejan Brkić — Mon, 22 Mar 2021 13:55:03 +0100

Offshore oil and gas operations carry a high risk of explosions, which can be efficiently prevented in many cases. The two most used approaches for prevention are: (1) the “International Electrotechnical Commission System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Explosive Atmospheres” (IECEx) and (2) European “Atmosphere Explosible” (ATEX) schemes. The main shortcoming for the IECEx scheme is in the fact that it does not cover nonelectrical equipment, while for the ATEX scheme, it is due to the allowed self-certification for a certain category of equipment in areas with a low probability of explosions, as well as the fact that it explicitly excludes mobile offshore drilling units from its scope. An advantage of the IECEx scheme is that it is prescribed by the US Coast Guard for protection against explosions on foreign mobile offshore drilling units, which intend to work on the US continental shelf but have never operated there before, with an additional requirement that the certificates should be obtained through a US-based Certified Body (ExCB). Therefore, to avoid bureaucratic obstacles and to be allowed to operate with minimized additional costs both in the US and the EU/EEA’s offshore jurisdictions (and very possibly worldwide), all mobile offshore drilling units should be certified preferably as required by the US Coast Guard.

Simplified Indirect Estimation of Pump Flow Discharge: An Example from Serbia

Dejan Brkić — Mon, 22 Mar 2021 13:41:02 +0100

In the absence of a flowmeter or due to its inaccuracy, the flow rate at the discharge section of the pipeline following the observed pump can be roughly estimated if the pressure can be measured instead. To use the proposed procedure two main conditions should be achieved: (1) a manometer should be installed at the discharge pipeline between the pump and the flow regulation valve, and (2) the actual curve that relates pressure and flow for the observed pump unit should be known in advance. The described example is from Serbia, but it is of interest for any water pumping station with a submersible pump (installed in wells or tanks) where a limited number of adequate places for the measuring of flow are available (if any are available at all), but where the pressure at the discharge pipe of the observed pump can be measured. This simplified method can find applicability in installations in remote rural regions where limited resources are available. The results show that the calculated values of the flow obtained by the presented method deviate greatly in relation to the measured values provided by the portable ultrasonic flowmeter, up to 60% at one of the measuring points. However, in relation to the measured values provided by the permanently installed flowmeter the discrepancy is significantly lower (0.6–6.8%).

Calcined Termite Hill Clay Powder: As Partial Cement Replacement in Production of C-25 Grade Concrete

Emer T. Quezon — Sun, 21 Mar 2021 12:53:02 +0100

Cement is one of the components of concrete plays a great role in the construction industry. Nevertheless, it is the most expensive and environmentally unfriendly material. Therefore, requirements for economical and more environmentally-friendly cementing materials have extended interest in other cementing materials that can be used as partial replacement of the ordinary Portland cement. This research was, conducted to examine the suitability of calcined termite hill clay powder as a cement replacing material in the production of C-25 grade concrete as a relief for this problem. The Termite Hill Clay sample was collected from Bokuluboma vicinity. The sample was calcined at the temperature of 650°C using muffle furnace, ground to the fineness of 150 µm and its chemical composition was investigated. Normal consistency and setting time of the paste having Ordinary Portland Cement and calcined termite hill clay powder from 0% to 40% replacement in 5% increment percentage investigated. The compressive strength of eight different concrete mixes with the CTHCP replacing the ordinary Portland cement prepared for 22MPa and 34MPa (i.e., for 7th and 28th days targeted compressive strength) concrete with water cement ratio of 0.5 and 360kg/m3 cement content. The properties of the mixture assessed both at the fresh and hardened state. Results revealed that calcined termite hill clay powder found pozzolanic and can partially replace cement. It has shown that up to 11.3% replacement of the ordinary Portland cement by CTHCP, the cubes achieved a target mean compressive strength of C-25 grade concrete at 28th day 34Mpa. Although, the replacement percentage greater than 11.3% of the cement of calcined termite hill clay powder in the concrete has shown a slightly lower compressive strength. Moreover, the mix indicated workable up to 25% replacement percentage and also the setting time of the paste containing calcined termite hill clay powder found faster than that of the control mix. Hence, it is concluded that CTHCP was suitable to replace cement partially with 11.3% replacement of cement by calcined termite hill clay powder as the optimal percentage of the production of C-25 grade concrete. The fresh concrete mix was workable up to 25% replacement, and the mineral admixture served as an accelerator which is suitable for cold weather concreting works.

Evaluation of the Performance of Brick Dust as a Filler Material for Hot Asphalt Mix Design A Case Study in Jimma Zone

Emer T. Quezon — Sun, 21 Mar 2021 12:48:02 +0100

A bituminous paving mixture is a mixture of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and bitumen mixed in suitable proportion to result in a strong and durable mix in order to withstand traffic load. In this paving mix, ordinary stone dust, and cement used as filler material. One of the main problems in the construction of a bituminous paving mixture is the insufficient amount of filler from crushing stone aggregate, and cement supply is low. A study has been carried out in this research to explore the use of Brick dust as filler material for the bituminous mixture. The objective is intended to evaluate the performance of brick dust as fillers in Hot Asphalt Mix design, according to the test procedure specified by ASTM. Several specimens of hot asphalt mixture were prepared according to ASTM D 1559 using an aggregate blend with brick filler and aggregate blend without brick filler. The aggregate blending made by using Job mix formula to obtain the percentage of mixed material. For aggregate blended without brick G-1 32%, G-2 23%, and G-3 45% for Aggregate blended with brick filler G-1 30%, G-2 18%, G-3 45% and G-4 7%; where G-1 Coarse Aggregate 3/4, G-2 Coarse Aggregate 3/8, G-3 Fine Aggregate, and G-4 brick filler. It concluded that the results of the Marshall test of mix design showed satisfactory when hot asphalt mixed with these brick fillers. The Specimens blended with brick filler lead produce asphalt mixture with higher Marshall stability, lower flow, a less void filled with asphalt. Hence, brick dust can replace stone dust and cement filler in the bituminous paving mix. It is recommended to use brick dust as filler material in a bituminous paving mix may save considerable investment; as well as a reliable performance of the in-service highway can be achieved.