Scipedia: Documents published in 2018

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:55 +0200

Congresos,

Uses and applications of georeferencing and geolocation in old cartographic and photographic document management

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:45 +0200

The contemporary application of georeferencing and geolocation technologies has enabled the review and revitalisation of the method of presenting, disseminating, and making accessible cartographic and photographic documentation stored in archives, libraries, map libraries, museums, geographic institutes, and other key institutions. This article evaluates the interest and scope of document management of both technologies, analyses its contemporary application in cartographic and photographic management, and offers a systematised review of a significant number of practical cases from public and private institutions that have recently implemented their documentary heritage with success.

Uses and applications of georeferencing and geolocation in old cartographic and photographic document management

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:35 +0200

La aplicación contemporánea de tecnologías de georreferenciación y geolocalización ha permitido revisar y revitalizar la forma de mostrar, difundir y hacer accesible a la ciudadanía la documentación cartográfica y fotográfica almacenada en archivos, bibliotecas, cartotecas, museos, institutos geográficos y otras instituciones afines. El presente artículo evalúa el interés y el alcance para la gestión documental del uso de ambas tecnologías, analiza su aplicación contemporánea en la gestión cartográfica y fotográfica antiguas, y ofrece la revisión sistematizada de una serie significativa de casos prácticos de georreferenciaciación y geolocalización implementados recientemente con éxito por parte de instituciones públicas y privadas a su patrimonio documental.AbstractThe contemporary application of georeferencing and geolocation technologies has enabled the review and revitalisation of the method of presenting, disseminating, and making accessible cartographic and photographic documentation stored in archives, libraries, map libraries, museums, geographic institutes, and other key institutions. This article evaluates the interest and scope of document management of both technologies, analyses its contemporary application in cartographic and photographic management, and offers a systematised review of a significant number of practical cases from public and private institutions that have recently implemented their documentary heritage with success.

The programatic ecosystem. The new digital advertising that connects data with people

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:25 +0200

Programmatic advertising as a process capable of offering advantages for companies, combining audience data management with automation/technology and the human factor is analyzed. The starting premise is that in order to solve the problem of advertising saturation, contents has to be connected with the individuals, one by one and in real time. This work brings together the academic and professional knowledge to analyze the keys to this new form of digital advertising and its main challenges. There is also a focus on synergies between the information sciences and the future of programmatic advertising.

Unification of personal data protection in the European Union: Challenges and implications

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:18 +0200

The European Union faces the fourth industrial revolution and the digital single market with the unification of the legal status for personal data protection sought by the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679. This legal unification is more theoretical than real, since formal aspects of the regulation and the content materials of the fundamental right to data protection make this process difficult. The entry into force of the GDPR in May 2018 provides the first legal reference framework for the implementation in companies of a true culture of privacy, and the protection of personal data and normative compliance in the EU.

Unification of personal data protection in the European Union: Challenges and implications

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:33:07 +0200

La Unión Europea afronta la cuarta revolución industrial y el mercado único digital con la unificación del régimen jurídico sobre protección de datos personales pretendida por el Reglamento (UE) 2016/679 General de protección de datos. Esta unificación es más teórica que real, toda vez que aspectos formales del reglamento y los materiales del contenido del derecho fundamental a la protección de datos dificultan este proceso. La entrada en vigor del Reglamento en mayo de 2018 proporcionará el primer marco legal de referencia para la implementación en las empresas de una verdadera cultura de la privacidad, de la protección de datos personales y el cumplimiento normativo en la UE. Abstract The European Union faces the fourth industrial revolution and the digital single market with the unification of the legal status for personal data protection sought by the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679. This legal unification is more theoretical than real, since formal aspects of the regulation and the content materials of the fundamental right to data protection make this process difficult. The entry into force of the GDPR in May 2018 provides the first legal reference framework for the implementation in companies of a true culture of privacy, and the protection of personal data and normative compliance in the EU.

Whistleblowing & big data: Monitoring and compliance of ethics and social responsibility

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:58 +0200

The big data revolution is a challenge and opportunity for companies. In the ethics and social responsibility domain, big data, and the increasingly more accessible and versatile data processing technology, allow companies to open up new communication channels, and to collect accurate, detailed, and constantly updated information about: their economic, social, and environmental impacts; interests and legitimate expectations involved; trust, reputation, and affinity that they arouse in their stakeholders; and the effects that their actions and decisions cause, among many other things. The objective of this study is to present a system that monitors and fulfills ethics and social responsibility which, based on whistleblowing, communication, storage, and processing of big data, along with stakeholders’ committed participation, offers companies the chance to examine their moral and emotional responsibilities in order to be able to rise to what this historic time demands.

Transparency in higher education institutions in Colombia

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:50 +0200

The level of transparency in higher education institutions in Colombia two years after the enactment of the Law 1712/2014 on Transparency and the right of access to public information in that country is analyzed. The study includes a sample of 197 public and private higher education institutions registered in the National Higher Education Information System of the Colombian Ministry of National Education in May 2015. Data observed on the websites of these institutions show a context where levels of formal and substantive transparency are low and no significant progress. The results reveal difficulties in the effective application of concepts and processes related to cyberculture.

Immersive feature through 360º video: Design of an analysis model

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:43 +0200

The evolution of recording technology for real images in 360º video has fueled adoption by some media, particularly from 2015. It is an emerging and innovative trend that offers the viewer the possibility of approaching an event with great realism. In this article we propose a model to conduct content analysis based on feature identification and basic characterization. Our model identifies which elements are influential in generating a sense of being in a represented place. The objective is to identify the factors involved in the construction of a story that generates a sensation of immersion in the reality that is being represented.

Professional profiles and work market access for graduates in Advertising and Public relations: From specialization to hybridization

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:35 +0200

The digital transformation has changed consumer habits and created global businesses over the Internet. To relate to customers and meet their needs, companies have created work structures that require professionals with an understanding the Web and today’s media ecosystem. Based on an analysis of the content of job offers on the Internet, results are presented that guide and facilitate the job placement of students with a degree in Advertising. Approaches to market labor demands are recommended to academic institutions and indicate what knowledge and skills are required for today’s workplace. The results point to a demand for increasingly hybrid and transversal professionals with multidisciplinary skills.

Redesign in Spanish print media in the 21st century

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:24 +0200

Thirteen redesigns of the top five Spanish daily newspapers (general information) during the 21st century (ABC, El país, El mundo del siglo XXI, La vanguardia, and 20 minutos) are analyzed. We try to establish the possible relationship between the crisis of print journalism and changes in design. Trends found are classified into 17 categories of changes. The results are surprising: One redesign occurs every 15 months; some newspapers only wait two years to introduce modifications; elements as sensitive as the header are affected in 62% of the cases; and redesigns of other newspapers do not seem to influence each other. Unlike what one might expect, design is not always used as a sales promotion strategy. Starting in 2008, redesigns did not boost sales. The highest frequency of changes has occurred since 2008, the year the global economic crisis began. The research is of a descriptive type (non-experimental, case study, longitudinal, and comparative design), although it suggests possible relationships among variables that should be checked with combined techniques.

The influence of journalistic design in the understanding of information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:15 +0200

An experimental method to examine the relationships between graphic design and comprehension of information published in magazines and/or print journals is presented. The method is used to observe if the graphic design in a journalistic report makes it possible to have a better understanding of the meaning of the information. The starting hypothesis is that the design, beyond guaranteeing the readability of the text, can support understanding the story more quickly and effectively, in addition to making it more attractive. This research uses a new multidisciplinary approach, and no known previous research exists in which journalistic design and reading comprehension are methodologically related. The objective of this model is to establish the fundamental role of journalistic design in quality journalism, which runs contrary to the current popularity of basic standardization.

Ethic and advertising self-regulation: A perspective from consumer associations

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:32:05 +0200

The quest to promote minimum ethical advertising standards is a concern in self-regulatory systems. This practice was introduced in Spain in 1995, the same year Autocontrol was founded. This article aims to examine how consumer associations view the functions of Autocontrol; specifically, the assessment these associations make of the Autocontrol claims system that is a key (and the only) part for any “external” actors to the association to be able to participate. The method used is a case study in which interviews with consumer associations were especially relevant.

Thematic centrality on Twitter: The case of #NiUnaMenos mobilisation

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:56 +0200

Despite democratizing discourse using new technologies, different studies have shown the internet and social media have limits in the public sphere when it comes to developing identities or long term collective actions. This paper analyzes the thematic centrality and participation in the hashtag #NiUnaMenos, which was part of a collective demonstration carried out in November 2016. Using screen-scraping, an analysis of 118,974 tweets was conducted. This analysis revealed Twitter can be used as a diffusion tool and a place of collective action against gender violence. However, Twitter cannot be considered a platform for building a social consensus or for changing preconceived ideas. This article concludes that Twitter can be used to expand a specific social protest event -a demonstration- through the thematic positioning of terms related to that event. Nevertheless, Twitter is not a useful tool for discussing or dismanteling the patriarchy and sexism.

Spanish universities in the foreign press. Analysis of their journalistic coverage

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:47 +0200

The presence of Spanish universities in the foreign press is analyzed. We developed a quantitative analysis of the texts published in the international press, indexed in the ProQuest® News & Newspapers database, in which appear some of the 81 universities of Spain. We analyze 37,080 texts published in 1,119 international newspapers from 80 countries. The main results show how United States of America and Mexico are the countries where Spanish universities have a greater presence in foreign press. In addition, it is observed that there is a strong correlation between the number of news and the first-class scientific production developed in the universities.

Web-based video services. A quantitative and descriptive study

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:37 +0200

Se presenta un análisis cuantitativo y descriptivo de doscientos servicios de vídeo basados en la web con el objetivo de modelar las características de estos nuevos medios audiovisuales y su relación con los usuarios. La convergencia de las características tradicionales de la televisión con las nuevas funciones de los medios se determina mediante un análisis estadístico basado en técnicas de observación. A través de un análisis estadístico se descubren las relaciones entre las variables establecidas y la forma en que moldean la muestra. Los resultados revelan que la comunicación interpersonal adquiere relevancia sólo en casos paradigmáticos, por lo que las opciones de participación son limitadas en términos de experiencia de usuario. Las funciones que permiten opciones para el intercambio interpersonal, así como el contenido generado por el usuario resultó insignificante en nuestra muestra. Por lo tanto, de acuerdo con los datos obtenidos, la interactividad no es una cualidad que defina nuestra muestra de estudio. Las redes de streaming y oferta de vídeo ya están bien consolidadas, siendo la actividad de mayor crecimiento en Internet, pero no tenemos estudios empíricos cuyo objetivo principal sea analizar sistemáticamente las iniciativas de distribución de contenidos audiovisuales en Internet. Se trata de un medio caracterizado por la convergencia de las emisoras y el contenido generado por los usuarios, y las características típicas de los medios tradicionales con las nuevas tecnologías de red. AbstractA quantitative and descriptive analysis of two hundred web-based video services is presented with an aim to shape the characteristics of these new audiovisual media and their relationship with users. The convergence of traditional television features with new media functionalities is determined via a statistical analysis based on observational techniques. Through a statistical analysis we identify the relationships between the established variables and how they shape our sample. Findings reveal that interpersonal communication acquires relevance just as it does in paradigmatic cases, so options for participation are limited in terms of user experience. Functions that allow interpersonal exchange, as well as the user-generated content, were insignificant for our sample. Therefore, according to the data obtained, interactivity is not a quality that defines our study sample. Streaming video and delivery networks are fully consolidated, being the activity of greater growing on the Internet. Currently there are no empirical studies that systematically analyze initiatives regarding the distribution of audiovisual content on the Internet. Audiovisual content is a media that is characterized by the convergence of broadcasters and user-generated content along with the typical features of traditional media and newer network technologies.

Interaction on Spanish university libraries’ Facebook pages

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:29 +0200

Participation and communication with users are the key elements that distinguish social media from regular web sites. This article analyzes the interaction on Facebook pages of Spanish university libraries both from a quantitative and qualitative focus. On the one hand, the number of followers of the page are analyzed, as well as the number of likes, shared and comments on publications. On the other hand, publications are also examined in qualitative terms according to their topic and contents. The results obtained show a low level of interaction and followers in most of the pages, which deliver mostly informative contents. These data allow to conclude that there are no conversations or virality, so it is recommended to consider interaction as a key point on libraries’ social media strategy.

A comparison of title words for journal articles and Wikipedia pages: Coverage and stylistic differences?

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:21 +0200

Este artículo evalúa si hay vacíos en la cobertura de la información académica de Wikipedia y si existen diferencias estilísticas no obvias entre los artículos de revistas académicas que los usuarios y editores de Wikipedia deben conocer. Para ello se analizan los términos en los títulos de artículos de revistas que están ausentes de todos los títulos de las páginas de Wikipedia en inglés para cada una de las 27 categorías temáticas de Scopus. Los resultados muestran que la Wikipedia en inglés tiene menor cobertura de los temas de interés para las naciones que no son de habla inglesa, y existen lagunas probablemente causadas por la falta de editores especialistas dispuestos en algunas áreas. También se encontraron diferencias de estilo según las disciplinas, con algunos campos que utilizan sinónimos de “análisis” que fueron ignorados en Wikipedia, y otros que usan el tiempo presente en títulos para enfatizar los resultados de la investigación. Dado que Wikipedia es muy eficaz en la cobertura de temas de investigación académica de todas las disciplinas, puede ser utilizada por personas no especializadas. Por lo tanto, los especialistas deben verificar las lagunas de cobertura dentro de sus áreas para encontrar temas útiles y los bibliotecarios deben advertir a los usuarios que pueden faltar temas importantes. AbstractThis article assesses whether there are gaps in Wikipedia’s coverage of academic information and whether there are non-obvious stylistic differences from academic journal articles that Wikipedia users and editors should be aware of. For this, it analyses terms in the titles of journal articles that are absent from all English Wikipedia page titles for each of 27 Scopus subject categories. The results show that English Wikipedia has lower coverage of issues of interest to non-English nations and there are gaps probably caused by a lack of willing subject specialist editors in some areas. There were also stylistic disciplinary differences in the results, with some fields using synonyms of “analysing” that were ignored in Wikipedia, and others using the present tense in titles to emphasise research outcomes. Since Wikipedia is broadly effective at covering academic research topics from all disciplines, it might be relied upon by non-specialists. Specialists should therefore check for coverage gaps within their areas for useful topics and librarians should caution users that important topics may be missing.

Management transparency in state-run public libraries: Website information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:11 +0200

This article discusses the results of analysing management transparency in 53 Spanish´s state-run libraries based on a proposed series of indicators drawn from the libraries’ own websites. While the findings detected examples of good practice, information was observed to be scant, particularly in terms of libraries’ lines of action and objectives. The rules and procedures for using the services and contacting with librarians were the types of information most frequently provided. The authors recommend that libraries, as public institutions receiving funds and subsidies from the government, should engage voluntarily in transparency by publishing information on their indicators on their websites.

Children’s digital rights and big data. The European general data protection regulation (GDPR), 2016, and the Children’s online personal data protection act (Coppa)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:31:03 +0200

The impact of big data technologies on children’s data protection is very important. First of all because of children’s vulnerability, due their lack of knowledge about the risks of an inadequate data management and, secondly, because the immense possibilities of traceability of a child or a group of children. Consequently, the negative effects in terms of future discrimination for their social and political participation, employability, usability of services, etc., could be immense. Europe has a new Law on protection of personal data (UE 2016/679). This paper examines in which way the Law pays attention to this particular area of protection of children. In order to value the proposals of the European Law, this paper studies comparatively some of the reports of the Working Group, art. 29, and the US law Children’s online personal data protection act (Coppa).

Privacy concerns about information sharing as trade-off for personalized news

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:30:54 +0200

Los medios de comunicación pueden establecer un muro de pago con datos (datawall) solicitando a los lectores que compartan información a cambio de beneficiarse de servicios como recibir noticias personalizadas. Sin embargo, esto puede significar la pérdida de anonimato, y los miembros de la audiencia pueden sentir que están poniendo en riesgo su privacidad. En esta investigación, utilizando datos del Digital news report 2016, observamos que las audiencias de noticias online en España están preocupadas por los riesgos de privacidad relacionados con el acceso a noticias personalizadas. Su nivel de preocupación varía atendiendo a sus características demográficas o a cómo acceden a las noticias digitales. Los medios de comunicación deben tener en cuenta estos resultados ya que la obtención de datos personales es esencial para implementar estrategias de datos masivos (big data), pero si no se realiza adecuadamente puede suponer perder la confianza de la audiencia. AbstractIn order to personalize news, the media must collect data from the audience. Media can establish a “datawall” for this task, which requires readers to share information to benefit from these valuable services. However, this may mean the loss of anonymity, and audience members may feel they are placing their privacy at risk. In this research, using data from the Digital news report 2016, we observe that online news audiences in Spain are worried about the privacy risks related to accessing personalized news. Their level of concern varies depending on demographic characteristics or how they access digital news. Media companies should take audience concerns into account because they do not want to lose audience trust in the process of capturing personal information for big data strategies.

Use and value of personal information: An evolving scenario

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:30:46 +0200

Our modern information societies are also –and especially– personal information societies. The collection of personal data has become the key asset for the development of digital markets. Even more, the way in which now people perceive and manage their privacy totally contrasts with the situation just a few years ago. Although these social transformations have accelerated recently, the process of modification of the scenario contextualising the use and value of personal information is ongoing for half a century. By means of the analysis of academic literature on the topic, this article describes such an evolution as well as the current interests of companies, citizens and public administrations regarding the disclosure and use of personal information.

International correspondents in Spain facing Government and information sources. Evaluation of problems by analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:30:16 +0200

Correspondents have faced significant changes in the professional model of journalism and the deterioration of the profession due to the effects of the economic crisis in the journalism sector. This article proposes an approach to this reality in Spain, and does so by trying to determine what specific factors make the tasks of correspondents more difficult within the general context of the structural weakening of journalism. The methodology Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used for this purpose. This methodology is based on the idea that the complexity inherent to an evaluative decision in which multiple factors intertwine can be resolved by quantitatively ranking them, which allows identifying what is truly influential. In this study, a panel of correspondents was interviewed with open questions about hinderances to their work, next their answers were turned into a survey which was administered to the same panel. This led us to determine the relative weight of four challenges: 1. The lack of collaboration by the Government with correspondents; 2. The difficulty in accessing sources; 3. The agenda setting due to the loss of status of correspondents; 4. The clash with Spanish culture.

Evalfin: A model for the evaluation of information literacy in higher education institutions

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:29:35 +0200

Evalfin is an integral information literacy assessment model (alfin) for the higher education institutions. It measures the impact, relevance and effectiveness of alfin as well as the development of the information skills in the university community through specific competence programs. It portrays its dimensions, characteristics and components with the purpose of presenting the method used in defining the model (review of bibliography; selection and interaction of the components, validation of the components by experts; design or adaptation of various instruments to measure each of the components of the model; application of the model in selected target groups). The model shows flexibility to adapt to the characteristics of a particular institution due to the interaction of the components. Finally, the results of the application of the model in a Mexican university and future lines of research on the subject are discussed.

Access to digital lending platforms: Integration vs. atomization

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:29:10 +0200

Spanish public libraries are faced with the scarce implementation of digital loans among their readers. The offer of this service, fragmented in several platforms, and its lack of integration with other resources such as the online catalog implies a greater effort of adaptation for users and places the libraries themselves at a disadvantage. Through a system of indicators, the 3 main Spanish e-book loan platforms [OdiloTK (from Odilo), Xebook (from Xercode), and iBiblio (from Libranda)] are evaluated through their implementation in eBiblio Galicia, Galician Catalog of GaliciaLe (CGG) and eBookVigo / eBook DiCoruña, respectively. There is evidence of the differences between them and a need to provide a unique and integrated access to the functions provided by discovery tools and APIs.

Digital editing of scholarly monographs by Spanish publishers in Library and Information Science

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:28:43 +0200

The current state of the Spanish market of the academic digital books is analyzed. To do this, a set of publishers selected by various experts as the most prestigious within the field of Library and Information Science was chosen. The analyzed parameters focus on digital production percentage in relation to the size of the publisher, existing formats, information offered and the access facilities. Results show that digital publishing is a little significant phenomenon, that has been developed without well defined strategies. This fact translates into a scarce availability of titles and formats, as well as a lack of many of the features that the new medium offers.

The use of chatbots for information automation in Spanish media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:28:18 +0200

Chatbots developed on private messaging platforms are a simple tool that allow direct and personalized communication with the public. They have many advantages thanks to the possibility of automating the process of production and distribution of content, and even to follow real time events or live news. Progressively, media are adapting their strategies to use chatbots. This research presents the results of a focus group with professional experts from seven major Spanish media that aims to learn about the bot phenomenon. Results reveal that the media are at an early stage in the adoption of this technology, although they have successful experiences on specific issues or linked to specific events such as the coverage of elections or sports events. Chatbots are addressed to millennials from 25 to 35 years old, very active, who demand specific contents.

Quality criteria and presentation standards in book-apps: The children’s content sector

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:27:39 +0200

To facilitate digital reading for children it is necessary to offer content that meets quality criteria. The problem lies in the lack of systematized criteria that serves as a guide to defining quality. The aim of this article is to select and systematize criteria or standards that serve to evaluate children’s book-apps. We take the criteria used both in the selection of children’s books on paper and those specific to the digital world. The elements have been grouped according to the form and content; within the form dimension, paratexts are taken into account (which in turn are divided into peritexts and epitexts) and usability are discussed. As for the content: text, image, sound, and interactivity should be evaluated.

Ebook lending services for public libraries. The eBiblio Madrid experience

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:27:21 +0200

With the launch in September 2014 of the project eBiblio to lend ebooks, promoted by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport in collaboration with the autonomous communities, began a new phase in the Spanish public libraries. The digital loan was incorporated into the rest of the services offered by the libraries and represented a number of management challenges. The changes have affected librarians who have had to be technologically trained to use a new service and users who also need to acquire a range of technological skills to access readings. In this article all aspects that converge in the digital loan will be described and the evolution and future prospects of the service will be analysed, focusing some of these aspects on the specific case of eBiblio Madrid.

Press citation: The impact of scientific journals and research articles on news media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:26:48 +0200

The news media’s citations of journals, authors, and papers have been used avant la letre to study the impact of science in the lay press and some characteristics of scientific journalism. In this paper, the concepts of press citation and media impact are outlined by analogy to those of scientific citation and scientific impact, establishing their similarities and differences. Some possibilities of study using press citations counts are also outlined, as well as the development of new bibliometric indicators to measure the media impact of science. The analysis of press citations has advantages over alternative metrics (altmetrics) because the press is the main news producer and offers a more consolidated product with a professional filter. However, press citations also have some limitations, mainly the lack of a database of press citations from scientific journals in the international lay press.

Local public sector big data communication on social media. A sentiment analysis in Twitter

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:26:16 +0200

The rapid adoption of social media by public administrations deserves attention from the side of institutional information and communication. One of the points recently identified is the tone used by public sector organizations to deliver their messages, as it may encourage citizen collaboration and participation. This paper explores the tone that Spanish city councils with more than 50,000 inhabitants are using in their social media profiles. This paper is based in two research questions: (a) What is the general tone used by the city councils in their use of social media?; (b) What explanatory factors are behind the adoption of one tone or another? Studying Twitter through big data techniques and statistical analysis, this study finds a positive general communicative tone. Traditional organizational, institutional and environmental factors do not seem to have a statistical significant influence over the tone. This article concludes with proposals for improvement on future research derived from the research results.

Scientific mobility indicators in practice: International mobility profiles at the country level

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:25:50 +0200

This paper presents and describes the methodological opportunities offered by bibliometric data to produce indicators of scientific mobility. Large bibliographic datasets of disambiguated authors and their affiliations allow for the possibility of tracking the affiliation changes of scientists. Using the Web of Science as data source, we analyze the distribution of types of mobile scientists for a selection of countries. We explore the possibility of creating profiles of international mobility at the country level, and discuss potential interpretations and caveats. Five countries —Canada, The Netherlands, South Africa, Spain, and the United States- are used as examples. These profiles enable us to characterize these countries in terms of their strongest links with other countries. This type of analysis reveals circulation among and between countries with strong policy implications.

Science and transmedia: A binomial for scientific dissemination. The Atapuerca case

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:25:16 +0200

The archaeological sites of Atapuerca (Burgos, Spain), declared World Heritage Site in 2000, stand out for their international repercussion due to the scientific results on human evolution. The aim of science socialization has lead to different communication policies, one for scientific dissemination and another for society dissemination. Although there is no specific transmedia communication plan, all communication resources are taken into advantage, to the extent of creating the Atapuerca Universe. This Universe works as a transmedia model, where prosumers acquire a leading role disseminating contents. The expansion generated from above by the producers is therefore complemented with the expansion from below made by the prosumers, sharing, expanding, modifying and generating new contents. This paper demonstrates that transmedia strategies are applicable to scientific projects.

Altmetrics at institutional level: Visibility on the web of the scientific production of Spanish universities from Altmetric.com

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:24:39 +0200

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Users’ management of mobile devices and privacy

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:24:15 +0200

This article aims to offer a guide of observed practices based on the main results obtained after the two-year European Feder project (April 2013-15) ‘Public and private in mobile communications’ carried out at LabCom.IFP, Beira Interior University in Portugal. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used (surveys, interviews, focus groups, content analysis, digital ethnography, observation ethnography, workshops, etc.) in order to describe how users manage their public, private, intimate and personal spheres within the mobile media ecosystem. Results obtained showed an increased awareness of the risks without a concomitant exploration of consequences, an extensively circumstantial behaviour pattern influenced by interface design and volatile policies, terms and conditions, and a lack of rational user behaviours and performances.

On the use of bibliometric indicators for the analysis of emerging topics and their evolution: Spin-offs as a case study

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:23:23 +0200

Spin-offs are one of the most attractive areas of research; associated with the phenomena of entrepreneurship, innovation, and knowledge transfer. The present study shows that the selection and use of appropriate bibliometric indicators are a highly valuable method for studying emerging topics and analyzing the development and diffusion of the topic under research, including its process of emergence and growth. The primary aspects observed in relation to the development of university spin-off research includes the boom in the number of publications on the topic after a long period of latency and the pronounced multidisciplinary nature of the research. Our approach encompasses the evolution of scientific publication activity in the area, the scientific agents involved with it, and the cooperative practices and structural characteristics of the co-authorship network at different analytical levels. Also, this research explores cited literature, the evolution of key bibliometric indicators, and adds a validating qualitative analysis of content by an expert in the field. Moreover, the emergence of the topic is shown to overlap between seminal authors’ early research contributions to the topic and the time when they become investigators of reference in the field, with their work featured among the most highly cited documents. Last but not least, the age of the cited bibliography constitutes a prominent indicator for establishing the emerging nature of a topic as well as its stage of development.

Measuring the influence of users on social networks: SocialEngagement proposal

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:22:51 +0200

The analysis of data from social media and the measurement of the influence of its users are topics of increasing importance from different points of view, including the academic and the economic. In this paper we propose a reflection towards the creation of comprehensive algorithms for the measurement of influence through the analysis of data generated in the interactions of social media users, as well as the detection of new business models on the Net. To do so, the paper reflects on the concept of influence in social media and the role of information and communication professionals in its measurement and analysis, describes several instruments used to measure influence, and presents the project SocialEngagement, a web platform for the analysis and detection of referents, opinion makers and trends.

Measuring the readability of exhibit panels in museums

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:22:06 +0200

The objective of this paper is the assessment of the comprehensibility in museum panels, considering that they are addressed to all audiences and written in standard language. The indicators proposed in the scientific bibliography on comprehensibility are compiled. Subsequently, their application to the museum panels is analyzed. A corpus is built with the texts of panels from six museums and the difficulty of the panels is evaluated by means of classical metrics and tests on users’ perception. The ability of these classic metrics to predict the difficulty for the user is computed with automatic learning methods. Linguistic and term familiarity indicators have been added to improve the accuracy of the assessment. The most effective way to predict the degree of comprehensibility is a hybrid model of classical, linguistic and term familiarity indicators.

Audience confidence in television brands: Proposal of indicators of corporate social responsibility and reputation

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:21:37 +0200

The generation of trust is a direct consequence of the assumption of social responsibility criteria in corporate governance. The ability to generate confidence can be measured through indicators. This article focuses on television entertainment programs broadcast in Spain. Based on a review of the academic and professional literature and the initiatives developed internationally, an integrated protocol of indicators is proposed to measure the generation of confidence of the consumer in these programs. The validation of this protocol, as well as the weight attributed to each of the indicators included in it, has been obtained through consultation with expert members from each one of the different stakeholders of the audiovisual value chain, following the Delphi method.

Proposal of indicators for the evaluation of media literacy competences in public administrations

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:20:47 +0200

A framework of indicators and a media competence self-assessment test for public administrations is proposed, in a field where few evaluation methods have been implemented up until now. The study is based on media literacy (ML) indicators divided in five general criteria defined by Pérez-Tornero and Celot (2009). These are: availability of media, ML context, use, critical understanding, and communication. The initial frameworks were compared with those used in in highly-regarded international media assessment systems. The article presents a test based on the qualitative comparison of international evaluation methods, as well as through in-depth interviews. The proposed tool is applied and refined through a research process that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The study concludes that competences can be assessed by means of a questionnaire, but also finds that there are others, especially those related to the critical reading of information, that present greater complexity and that demand various types of tests. The application of the survey allows us to obtain useful recommendations for the development and improvement of ML indicators within public administrations.

Project documentation in fablabs: An explanatory model

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:20:04 +0200

Current technological expansion has allowed a new generation of consumers to move from being mere users to architects of their own goods following the “do it yourself” (DIY) trend. Fabrication laboratories (fablabs) enhance this trend and complement it with the possibility of collaborating with other users (DIWO), allowing to replicate any project in another fablab, since they all share two elements: machines and free/open-source tools. Thanks to their capacities in the dissemination of knowledge through networks, these spaces expand the limits of such collaboration on a planetary scale. The diffusion of their projects –which is shown as one of the pillars of this ecology- requires an adequate documentation. This article identifies the elements that influence the diffusion process carried out in fablabs to obtain, finally, an explanatory model about project documentation.

Received citations as a main SEO factor of Google Scholar results ranking

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:19:12 +0200

The aim of this article is to analyze the web positioning factors that can influence the order, by relevance, in Google Scholar and the subsequent evaluation of the importance of received citations in this ordering process. The methodology of reverse engineering was applied, in which a comparison was made between the Google Scholar ranking and another ranking consisting of only the number of citations received by documents. This investigation was conducted employing four types of searches without the use of keywords: by publication, year, author, and “cited by”. The results were matched in the four samples with correlation coefficients between the two highest rankings, which exceeded 0.9. The present study demonstrates more clearly than in previous research how citations are the most relevant off-page feature in the ranking of search results on Google Scholar. The other features have minimal influence. This information provides a solid basis for the academic search engine optimization (ASEO) discipline. We also developed a new analysis procedure for isolating off-page features that might be of practical use in forthcoming investigations.

Development and establishment of video on demand (VOD) in Spain: The case of Filmin

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:18:31 +0200

The introduction of VOD in Spain has been a slow process. The sector has developed over the last few years with international projects like Netflix and HBO and national operators such as Movistar+ and Vodafone One. Also prominent at a national level is Filmin, a project with its origins in the Spanish film industry. In this article we examine the main elements which have enabled VOD to become established in Spain and analyze the case of Filmin as an alternative model based on three variables: a) catalogue and editorial policy; b) business model and lines; c) internationalization strategy. The most significant results deriving from the Filmin case study are: its specialization in independent film and its focus on European audiovisual content; its role as a portal and rights management company; its internationalization strategy initially associated with Media and EuroVoD; and distinguishing features such as simultaneous releases, alliance with and creation of festivals and its commitment to in-house production.

Monitoring compliance with governmental and institutional open access policies across Spanish universities

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:17:42 +0200

Universities and research centers in Spain are subject to a national open access (OA) mandate and to their own OA institutional policies, if any, but compliance with these requirements has not been fully monitored yet. We studied the degree of OA archiving of publications of 28 universities within the period 2012-2014. Of these, 12 have an institutional OA mandate, 9 do not require but request or encourage OA of scholarly outputs, and 7 do not have a formal OA statement but are well known for their support of the OA movement. The potential OA rate was calculated according to the publisher open access policies indicated in Sherpa/Romeo directory. The universities showed an asymmetric distribution of 1% to 63% of articles archived in repositories that matched those indexed by the Web of Science in the same period, of which 1% to 35% were OA and the rest were closed access. For articles on work carried out with public funding and subject to the Spanish Science law, the percentage was similar or slightly higher. However, the analysis of potential OA showed that the figure could have reached 80% in some cases. This means that the real proportion of articles in OA is far below what it could potentially be.

Evolution of the community manager in small enterprises of the Basque Country and Navarre

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:17:17 +0200

The evolution of the community manager profession is studied in enterprises located within the Basque Country and Navarre, Spain. This professional position has been analyzed previously, but not within specific regions. The investigation was conducted in two stages: the first one in 2013 when this new professional position started appearing in enterprises, and the second one in 2017. Using a survey that was administered to 164 enterprises located in the Spanish autonomous communities of the Basque Country and Navarre, and using the Delphi method, we found that the community manager position existed at the majority of enterprises. However, the characteristics/features of the positions have undergone some changes over the past four years: salaries have improved; professionals have more experience; they work in teams that include supporting professionals; and they have higher budgets for the strategies used in social networks.

Electoral debates and conflict. An analysis with support vector machines (SVM) of the media coverage of debates in Spain since 2008

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:16:45 +0200

The effects of electoral debates on audiences have been extensively studied in the academia, having been concluded that they can be relevant, both in the cognitive and behavioural realm. However, various investigations suggest that media coverage can be a strong moderator of the possible effects on electoral behaviour. The present investigation shows the effect of the number of candidates present in the electoral debate in Spain in the subsequent media coverage. Using innovative machine learning techniques, the presence of conflict in media coverage has been identified to show that, when there are more than two candidates, media tend to focus on other elements, relegating the most conflictive moments to a secondary place.

How should companies that receive R&D&I funds communicate? Legal requirements in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:12:53 +0200

Companies receiving funds for their research, development and technological innovation (R&D&I) activities must comply with communication obligations so that citizens are informed of the projects that are financed using public funds. The information requirements are defined both in the European and Spanish legal framework. The objective of this paper is to compile this legislation and analyse the communication and data sharing obligations that are required for these funding recipients. The results indicate that the communication obligations of the subsidised projects are very general. It is compulsory to standardise the terms used, the actions requested and the content of these, and to promote data sharing in companies, all through a repository that brings together the R&D&I projects funded.

Direct subsidies to the media and institutional advertising in Spanish regional laws: Indicators and improvement guidelines

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:12:17 +0200

The economic contribution of public funds to the mass media takes place in two directions: direct subsidies and institutional advertising campaigns. The purpose of this article is to review the indicators that the Spanish autonomous governments take into account when granting public aid and buying advertising space in the media. When this support is often claimed by the profession, it is worth asking if values such as quality of information and social responsibility are considered. To verify this, we analyze the laws about aid for media promoted by the autonomous governments in the last ten years (2007-2017), as well as the current regional legislation on institutional advertising. Based on this review and on the scientific bibliography, we propose guidelines to improve the meaning of these financing channels.

The public library as seen by the non-users

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:11:31 +0200

The user experience framework (UX) serves to analyze the characteristics, preferences and perceptions of non-users of the public library to inform the (re)design of services. Empirical data come from a representative survey of the Catalan population aged 15 and over. In general terms, libraries and librarians benefit from a positive image, although one third of non-users would have no motivation for visiting a public library (again). Most are ex-users (81%) who had visited a public library but not in the last year. Individuals seem to stop using the public library when they end their educational period, with disengagement affecting more men than women. Never-users (19%) stand out among older individuals and lower educational levels. Results support the idea that different strategies must target ex-users and non-users to attract them (back) to the library as both their profiles and opinions on the public library are different.

Implementing Koha at the University of Cádiz Library

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:11:14 +0200

In 2016, the University of Cádiz Library carried out the migration of the integrated library management system (ILS) Millennium to Koha, an open source program. Based on the technological and economic situation of the library, this paper describes in detail the process of selecting the new ILS, stages of migration, parameter adjustment and deployment process. At the conclusion of the project, Koha is positively valued, as well as the process carried out for its implementation at the University of Cadiz Library.

Facebook as a dialogic communication tool at the most visited museums of the world

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:10:38 +0200

Social networks have obtained a relevant presence in Communication programs and they are changing the way to disseminate information and engage in dialogue. They permit a more balanced and participatory model of communication between publics and organizations, based in dialogue and conversation, not persuasion. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate how museums are using Facebook to interact and engage in dialogue with their publics. This work asks if they are using this platform in order to be recognized as ‘museums 2.0’. Our results illustrate that the museums we studied (the 100 which are most important on the global level) have a very poor activity on Facebook, and they are not using all the opportunities that this social network offers as an interactive and dialogical means of communication.

How efficient are universities at publishing research? A data envelopment analysis of Spanish state universities

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:05:22 +0200

The level of efficiency regarding the production of published scientific research in 2015 for the 48 state universities of the Spanish education system is assessed. It is used a methodological approach based on output specifications of desirable outputs (total amount of published papers in Q1 journals) and undesirable outputs (non-cited publications). Relative measures are obtained under two efficiency schemes, natural and managerial. Results enable to identify certain management strategies to improve overall efficiency at publishing research of the Spanish university system. A higher allocation of budget resources among certain institutions would lead to efficiency gains for the system as a whole.

Radiology information of patients in health services: Challenges, problemes and technological solutions

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:04:56 +0200

The information systems departments of European health services have the challenge of creating a dose record and reporting system of doses from medical procedures for its inclusion in the patient’s medical history, in compliance with Directive 2013/59 Euratom, which determines the obligation to manage the measurement and evaluation of the doses as well as the evaluation of the risk associated therewith. It is important the fact that this information must be universal, because the main objective is that every patient be able to access all information about medical radiology exposures regardless of the equipment, center or organization where it has been performed. In this aerticle the main technological challenges and problems are presented and basic solutions are described to be applied in developing environments of record systems using the learned experience in the project for the measurement of doses derived from radiology explorations in Spain.

La edición académica española: indicadores y características

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 09:03:11 +0200

¿Cuál es el panorama de las editoriales académicas españolas? ¿Cuál es el reconocimiento de los libros científicos en el sistema de evaluación? Desde 2008, el Grupo de Investigación sobre el Libro Académico (ILIA) del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) ha impulsado una línea de investigación para responder a estas cuestiones. Además de numerosas publicaciones científicas y diversos proyectos competitivos, la investigación del grupo ha permitido la creación del sistema de información Scholarly Publishers Indicators (SPI). http://ilia.cchs.csic.es http://ilia.cchs.csic.es/SPI

Datos de investigación abiertos: visión global de los científicos y casos a considerar

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 08:59:17 +0200

En octubre de 2016, el repositorio de datos Figshare, junto con Digital Science, una empresa tecnológica, publicaron un dossier monográfico sobre datos abiertos: The state of open data. https://figshare.com https://www.digital-science.com

Progress of thematic repositories and megajournals: Perspectives in 2018

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 08:57:59 +0200

The evolution of several thematic repositories that appeared in 2017 is described, as well as some of the future trends related to the issue. Also, the future of megajournals is discussed, with emphasis on its viability, business model, and consolidation strategies.

Health Informatics: Three key themes and the academic-professional context

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 08:56:30 +0200

In this article we discuss a conceptual approach to Health Informatics. We then review the status, trends, and main challenges in relation to three themes in the development of this field: patient empowerment, equity in health, and data science application to health. We conclude with a brief review of the academic context and professional associations, both in Spain and at the international level.

Self-determination of the information user in times of social access to digital contents

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 08:54:24 +0200

A reflection on the need to enhance the self-determination of the information user in relation to assisted and social information discovery systems, which often offer decontextualized information feeds. User-conscious planning and decision making in relation to the search for and use of information is the result of learning and experience, an essential input to a person’s intellectual growth. The art of asking good questions, together with the ability to discriminate the form, origin and function of recorded information, build up people’s ability to better select the answers from retrieval systems and social feeds, and this is especially important in the formative stages of a person’s education, from elementary school to university.

Perceptions 2017: An international survey of library automation

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:38:21 +0200

Results are presented of an online survey answered by 3,992 libraries in 87 countries between November 2017 and February 2018, based on their experiences with a total of 127 integrated library systems (ILS), both commercial and open source. The best products classified in their respective category analysed were Apollo (Biblionix), ByWater Solutions, Alma (Ex Libris), Polaris, Symphony (SirsiDynix), and Opals. The original English report was published on March 17th, 2018 on the author’s website: http://librarytechnology.org/perceptions/2017

Quién es quién en el Anuario ThinkEPI 2018

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:38:12 +0200

RDA, la otra RDA: la Research Data alliance. Cuando ‘FAIR’ es algo más que ‘justo’

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:37:58 +0200

Esta nota analiza la RDA, Research Data Alliance, una organización coordinada globalmente que agrupa a todos los agentes implicados en la gestión de datos de investigación internacionalmente, para avanzar en los estándares e infraestructuras necesarios para hacer posible la recuperación y reutilización de los resultados de investigación en el ámbito de la ciencia abierta global. Se destaca la oportunidad y la necesidad de la RDA, así como su funcionamiento, grupos y resultados. Se incluye la reflexión sobre la escasa participación española en dicha iniciativa, y la necesidad de involucrar a los profesionales de la información en esta dimensión tan relevante de la comunicación científica.

Bibframe 2017, between internationalization and landing in Europe

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:37:46 +0200

This article summarizes the main aspects of the evolution of Bibframe in 2017, including the internationalization of the project (which was intensified by the statement of the Committee on Cataloging: Asian and African Materials (CC:AAM) in support of the internationalization of Bibframe, the extension of the model to Europe, and the first real experience carried out by the National Library of Sweden. In addition, projects that aim to test Bibframe in production are also reviewed.

Authority records, semantic enrichment, and Wikidata

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:37:29 +0200

This article describes the processes carried out by archives, libraries, and museums to semantically enrich authority records with the aim of improving their usability while building new functionalities for search and retrieval. The tasks that are usually included within the term semantic enrichment are: data cleaning, data reconciliation to external linked open data resources, extraction of additional data, and data publication. However, reconciliation and enrichment of large volumes of data can only be done by automatic means; for example, the semantic enrichment of polymath authority records by the Spanish Polymath Virtual Library. Finally, we analyze the role that Wikidata has as one of the most widely used linked open data resources and authority file for all Wikimedia projects.

Methodological contributions for the fightind fraud: A multidisciplinary challenge

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:37:13 +0200

State of the art scientific methods can be used against financial fraud, mainly of a technical nature (computer, economic, mathematical). Although some of the scientific areas involved are not related to technology, such as sociology, it is important that all disciplines provide useful tools to detect fraud. The detection and prevention of financial fraud is a multidisciplinary task, so the solution to this urgent problem needs to be provided by multidisciplinary teams.

Ethics and digital maximalism: Requirement for critical thinking about technologies

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:37:01 +0200

Information technologies have changed our lives, this includes new ways to generate, collect, and process large volumes of information. Big data are in the hands of large companies that delegate the management of data to algorithms and artificial intelligence programs that play a part in deciding who is the most suitable candidate for a job or who should receive mortgage credit. All this generates new ethical dilemmas; therefore, the existence of digital humanists becomes increasingly necessary. Philosophers, historians, and thinkers with knowledge and a critical vision of technology become the ones who alert and help us understand the limits and consequences of the use of big data.

Good and bad points on the impact of the blockchain in document management

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:36:42 +0200

The “blockchain” belongs to the family of the so-called DLTs “Distributed Ledger Technologies”. According to many experts, these will be the basis of a new revolution that will make the “internet of information” evolve towards an “internet of value”. The numerous fields of application of these technologies and the way in which the records of the transactions are documented will have important implications on the creation, management, and archiving of future records. Some pioneering information professionals have already opened lines of study and research into the new challenges and uncertainties that DLTs pose to current records management methodologies.

Los incentivos como elemento clave para hacer crecer los datos de investigación en abierto

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:36:31 +0200

El Wellcome Trust, institución sin ánimo de lucro de investigación biomédica con sede en el Reino Unido, ha encargado una serie de informes y estudios para analizar los desafíos que comporta la ciencia abierta: infraestructuras, habilidades, interoperabilidad, equidad... Michael Jubb y Veerle Van-den-Eynden exploran los mecanismos culturales y de incentivos para hacer que la ciencia sea más abierta. Uno con una mirada más teórica y el otro a partir de la evidencia.

"Cuando se jodió lo nuestro" o devolución de los contenidos académicos a los académicos

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:36:23 +0200

La novela de Mario Vargas Llosa, Conversación en La Catedral, empieza con el protagonista preguntándose: "¿En qué momento se jodió el Perú?". El informe que reseñamos podía haber empezado de forma similar, preguntándose cuándo ‘se jodió’ lo nuestro, las revistas científicas y académicas, en este caso.

Acceso digital a las monografías académicas: una tarea todavía llena de dificultades

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:36:15 +0200

En 2014, Jisc, Research Libraries UK (RLUK) y Society for Colleges, National and University Libraries (Sconul) llevaron a cabo un proyecto que, bajo el título National monograph strategy, analizaba los principales problemas que planteaba el acceso a monografías académicas en bibliotecas universitarias y de investigación. Las conclusiones de aquel proyecto incluían siete recomendaciones, dos de las cuales hacían referencia a la necesidad de una estrategia de digitalización y un modelo de licencia nacional para el acceso a las monografías que no estén disponibles en formato digital.

Preservación de datos de investigación: estrategias prácticas

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:36:06 +0200

Este es el primer volumen de una serie llamada Curating research data, en el que se exploran las razones por las que existen servicios de preservación de los datos. Consta de tres partes y una introducción.Lisa R. Johnston resume los principales apartados del libro. Johnston ha sido bibliotecaria de los servicios de investigación y codirectora del repositorio institucional de la University of Minnesota, capacitación que le permite señalar los desafíos a los que se enfrentan los profesionales encargados del tratamiento de los datos. Los considera los primeros usuarios, por lo que son quienes desde el primer momento deben identificar los problemas que puede tener su reutilización. En esta introducción, además, se define la terminología que se utiliza así como los motivos por los cuales se desarrollan los servicios de conservación, los requisitos que deben tener y las políticas para su intercambio.

La necesaria y difícil transición hacia un sistema editorial en acceso abierto

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:35:57 +0200

Desde su primera formulación, en 2001, en forma de carta abierta donde se pedía apoyo a los científicos, el movimiento del acceso abierto no ha dejado de ganar adeptos. Lo que entonces podía parecer una petición ingenua para eliminar las barreras para acceder a la producción científica mundial se ha consolidado como un derecho (que la investigación financiada públicamente pueda ser usada públicamente) y una necesidad (la de mejorar la calidad de la investigación a través del acceso universal a sus productos).

Wikipedia, educación e información científica

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:35:46 +0200

Wikipedia desempeña desde hace una década el papel de enciclopedia de referencia obligada. La facilidad de acceso y consulta la han convertido en la principal fuente de información referencial para la mayoría de los usuarios de internet. Como no podía ser menos, su contenido (más bien la calidad del mismo) ha sido objeto de discusión desde su inicio, aunque progresivamente la madurez de la comunidad editora, la consolidación del modelo colaborativo y la implicación de diferentes actores científicos, educativos y culturales, han hecho que las posiciones vayan cambiando hacia una consideración de la enciclopedia como una herramienta educativa y de comunicación de primer orden. Wikipedia es un producto colaborativo que refleja, guste o no, las pautas y patrones socioculturales de la comunidad que la crea, utiliza y transforma.

Los medios sociales en la comunicación científica

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:35:38 +0200

La conversación se ha trasladado a los medios sociales, también en el ámbito de la comunicación científica. En los últimos años, se viene analizando cómo los investigadores utilizan los medios sociales y cómo difunden los resultados de investigación y se han introducido las métricas alternativas, que más bien parecen complementarias. Un estudio del Canada Research Chair on the Transformations of Scholarly Communication, de la Université de Montreal, comisionado por el Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), aporta un amplio estado de la cuestión sobre el tema que resulta muy útil para conocer los diferentes puntos de vista abordados en la bibliografía. Además, este trabajo incluye un análisis del uso de Twitter por parte de los receptores de los premios doctorales del SSHRC.

The new open research plattforms: A potential game-changer?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:35:25 +0200

With the recent launch of a number of F1000-based open research platforms, research funders like Wellcome Trust, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Irish Health Research Board are stepping up their attempt to shift the scholarly publishing landscape into a more suitable environment for the implementation of their open science policies. Weeks ago, the European Commission released the call for bids for its Open Research Europe, thus joining this potentially game-changing move towards open peerreview, article-level metrics, pre-prints, and tighter control of publishing by Academia. This text examines the various objectives of these platforms and argues that this well-aimed move may not succeed if it fails to persuade researchers of the value of such publishing outlets. There is a clear role for institutions, whose open science advocacy strategies towards their authors can be adjusted to include the dissemination and promotion of such platforms.

Promotion of academic journals in social media

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:35:10 +0200

In the academy, Altmetrics has raised the need to describe the dynamics of disseminating research on social media. In order to disseminate research and obtain the best results on social media, academic journals are using digital and content marketing techniques. In this text, the characteristics of social media are analyzed and several digital marketing techniques for academic journals are suggested, based on the experiences of the journal El profesional de la información.

Long life the competence! New ‘Dimensions’ for scientific information’s search and evaluation

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:34:55 +0200

After an overview of the changes that are taking place in the world of bibliographic databases used for scientific search and evaluation, this work describes the free version of Dimensions (bibliographic database produced by Digital Science and launched in January 2018). As a first step, a sketch is made of its main characteristics, operations, and features. We conclude that Dimensions is an interesting alternative for the search of scientific information, as well as for the analysis of citations, because it is able to compete with both Scopus (greater coverage and also free of charge) and Google scholar (greater functionalities for the treatment and export of data). Therefore, it is a hybrid product halfway between the classic bibliographic databases and the modern academic search engines.

Publons, taking advantage of the power of peer reviews

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:34:46 +0200

We introduce the Publons system to information professionals, journal editors, and scientists. Publons is an online platform owned by Clarivate Analytics that allows users to create their own reviewer CV. It makes visible a hidden part of a scientists’ job while also allowing journals to identify potential reviewers.

What is open science?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:34:30 +0200

The concept of open science is analyzed using the model of scientific revolutions coined by Thomas Kuhn. In this way, open science is a paradigm shift in research and, therefore, involves substantial procedural modifications. It is a model promoted by the European Commission who gathered public opinion in Europe about it. The reasons for making this change are not only social (the wealth of society is based on innovation), but also scientific. In this new paradigm, science must be open, collaborative, and made with and for society. In order to explain the elements of open science, several metaphors are used in this article and always include open access, open data, open peer review, and open software. In some cases, open educational resources, citizen science, and open notebooks —although without unanimity— are also included. Finally, we consider future changes within scientific research, especially as they relate to library services.

Visualizing the economic transformation: Open information sources for economic indicators. IndicaME platform

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:34:16 +0200

We begin with a discussion about indicators related to a productivity model that can be used to analyze the four years a government is in power. Next, we use visual analysis to review economic information using a prototype portal, indicaME (acronym of “economic model indicators”). This research was conducted with support from the Consellería de Hacienda y Modelo Económico of the Generalitat Valenciana and the Universitat Politècnica de València in order to promote research on issues related to data management and knowledge management.

Digital blackout of Spanish scientific production in Google Scholar

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:34:03 +0200

In the most recent edition of Google Scholar Metrics (2012-2016) there was an abrupt drop in the number of Spanish scientific journals; the total was 1,101 in the 2011-2015 edition but fell to 599 in the 2012-2016 edition. We conducted an analysis by discipline in order to find which journals were affected. After considering several hypotheses to explain this phenomenon, we conclude the main cause was the sudden disappearance of the Spanish bibliographic database Dialnet from Google Scholar. Because Dialnet is the only online source that provides information about an important number of Spanish journals (which do not have any other online exposure), being dropped by Google Scholar meant that all these Spanish journals, which had previously been indexed in Google Scholar Metrics, became suddenly invisible.

Relevance of funding information

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:33:50 +0200

Open access implementation seems to have reached a plateau in many countries, and as a result the push for open science frequently places more emphasis on research data management. There are, however, whole areas around the open communication of research outputs which can still benefit from significant improvement. One of the most obvious is a better codification of the funding information in the bibliographic records for publications in repositories. While the emphasis has traditionally been to collect as many full-text records as possible about institutional and subject-based repositories, the typical way the funding information for publications is being coded into metadata records remains very poor, or is absent altogether. This paper argues that this is a key area for research impact assessment and improvement. It’s also argued that such an improvement needs solid housekeeping on the research funders’ side, possibly based on new and evolving standards. A few different approaches to capture and display the funding information in metadata records in an optimal fashion are discussed.

Hidden under data: Evolution of academic social networks

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:33:33 +0200

The evolution of the top academic social networks: Mendeley, Academia.edu, and ResearchGate is analyzed. This study tests the current health of these platforms and determines which growth stage they are in by tracking the annual number of new members and documents. In addition, the degree of transparency of these sites is discussed in relation to publicly available information about their services. The results show these platforms are reaching a change in cycle, where the increase rates are slowing down, decreasing the aggregation rate of documents and users.

Agenda digital y desarrollo sostenible en África: un espejo para el resto del mundo

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:33:24 +0200

En los últimos años y en todo tipo de foros sobre desarrollo sostenible y cooperación internacional, se observa con esperanza el importante crecimiento económico del continente africano que entre otros resultados se manifiesta en una destacable penetración de la telefonía móvil, así como en el potencial que ofrece la extensión de la digitalización para afrontar los retos de futuro de una sociedad joven demográficamente. Una perspectiva optimista con luces, pero con muchas sombras.

The use of funware on social review sites: Characteristics, key design features and drawbacks

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:32:59 +0200

Funware is an incentive strategy that uses the rewards systems typical of games in online nonentertainment contexts, to increase community participation. This strategy motivates users to act constructively in order to obtain recognition in the form of symbolic distinctions, like points or badges, and has been successfully applied by a large number of platforms including Foursquare, TripAdvisor, and the Google Local Guides program. This paper identifies the incentive elements that underpin gamification, analyzes its use on the main review sites, considers the key features in effective funware design, and examines the drawbacks and dangers it can involve.

Hypertext and journalism: Reality and further research

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:32:37 +0200

In the initial literature devoted to online journalism the use of hypertext was studied; however, this topic has received little attention since then. Nevertheless, in the last few years there has been renewed interest from several points of view. At the same time, inconsistencies in the application of hypertext criteria in news reporting has been observed. In this article we discuss the current state of the topic of hypertext in journalism.

Online journalism in 2015-2017. The media against technological platforms

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:32:25 +0200

A radiography of the state of digital media between 2015 to 2017 is presented. The main points discussed are: the media against technological platforms as Facebook and Google, the rise of the mobile reading of news and the problem of fake news.

The discipline of data visualization in 2017

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:32:16 +0200

Recent advances in technology have provoked changes in the information visualization discipline. This article reviews some innovative visualizations and organizes them into three groups. First, we present a small selection of visualizations that incorporate conceptual novelties and new visual proposals. Second, we show some other ones that have drawn attention to the importance of the data set they have visualized. Finally, we account for some of the technological advances that were made in 2017 within the discipline.

Wikidata and DBpedia: A journey to the center of a web of data

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:32:00 +0200

DBpedia y Wikidata are two semantic projects built on the top of Wikipedia encyclopedic content that has been crowdsourced, created, and maintained by thriving online communities. This article outlines differences and similarities between these two projects, pointing out their data models, curation patterns, and technologies. In addition, it forecasts some possible trends for their co-evolution as crossdomain open knowledge graphs and their significant value as hubs of interlinking datasets of various domains.

Media pluralism and the future of journalism

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:31:40 +0200

Circulation figures for print newspapers in Spain were historically low in 2017. However, digital media continues to grow, although only a handful of sites are financially profitable. The search for a profitable business model has superseded what is vital in journalism: quality information. In an attempt to identify the causes that have led to the current situation, this article describes the problems of pluralism in the Spanish media system. The lack of political independence and editorial autonomy are some of the problems identified. Media that are economically sustainable and politically independent are necessary for a truly democratic society.

Co-creation and collaborative knowledge at the service of the citizens

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:31:32 +0200

Co-creation is a social, active, and creative process, based on a collaboration between the members of an institution / organization (producers / employees) and the clients / users, generating value for the latter. It is a collaborative process to enhance the creative thinking of users and to generate innovative ideas. In this way, the services provided by the organization are aligned with the needs and requirements of the clients. The public institutions of some autonomous communities in Spain are applying co-creation strategies to improve the services they provide to the public, while at the same time favoring closeness and proximity.

¿Construimos colecciones juntos (y 2)? Viabilidad de la gestión conjunta de monografías en el Reino Unido

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:31:23 +0200

El sector bibliotecario experimenta y desarrolla desde hace años programas de colaboración para conseguir diversos objetivos, como por ejemplo maximizar economías de escala y ahorro en la formación del personal, entre muchos otros. Y más concretamente en las bibliotecas universitarias y de investigación como se apuntaba hace unos años en el Blok de BiD, reseñando el documento de OCLC Cloud-sourcing research collections: managing print in the mass-digitized library environment.

Una perspectiva no-tan-global sobre la alfabetización informacional

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:31:15 +0200

La Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) publicó el libro blanco Global perspectives on information literacy: fostering a dialogue for international understanding, bajo la dirección del Global Perspectives on Information Literacy Working Group de la ACRL Student Learning and Information Literacy Committee. La idea de este informe surge de la necesidad de entender cómo aparece representada la alfabetización informacional a lo largo y ancho del mundo y cómo se aplica entre diferentes culturas.

No es lo mismo leer que leer

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:31:06 +0200

Hacía mucho tiempo que no leía informes sobre el libro y la lectura, lo que en alguna vida anterior había sido práctica regular obligada por razones profesionales. Y me ha sorprendido encontrar en este informe que se reseña en esta nota, suficientes elementos de interés, pues no recuerdo haberlos encontrado en mis lecturas anteriores. Debe influir, seguro, que el coordinador sea José Antonio Millán, escritor y lector, buen conocedor de los libros y de la edición, curioso de todo tipo de páginas, tanto de papel como virtuales.

Los retos de la lectura en el nuevo contexto digital en Europa

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:30:58 +0200

Se estudian algunas medidas que se están llevando a cabo en Europa con el objetivo de fomentar la lectura en un entorno digital. Identifica oportunidades y retos, repasa el marco legislativo de la Unión y el de diferentes paises, y recoge las iniciativas de más éxito.

Reading promotion: Much more than reading just to read

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:30:32 +0200

Reading promotion is one of the traditional activities in libraries, with the aim of presenting reading as a leisure alternative. Taking into account the social commitment of libraries, these promotions should also be a vehicle to train critical and competent readers, something that has been largely forgotten as librarians focus on the playful nature of reading to attract users. Reading promotion activities would benefit by including information about the possibilities that literary texts offer regarding questions that concern us, therefore transforming the promotion of reading into an authentic socio-educational intervention.

To read listening: Reflections on audiobooks as an emerging sector

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:30:09 +0200

The electronic publishing sector has experienced a slowdown over the past two years; however, one segment has grown. The audiobook has seen extraordinary growth in all advanced countries. It is not a new genre, since it dates back to the beginning of the 20th century, but audiobook producers have exploited the audiobook’s maximum possibilities by optimizing the benefits for very diverse contexts, for all kinds of daily activities. Research into audiobooks raises some important points for discussion that are analyzed in this article, such as the relationship between comprehension and hearing, the differences between auditory and print environments, quality control systems in relation to their presentation, and dissemination systems. An analysis of these points also includes the read-listen dilemma as measurement parameters from the point of view of the consideration of this new genre as a part of the reading concept.

The four spaces: a model for the physical organization of the library

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:29:45 +0200

The irruption of technology has caused deep changes in library design. Digital collections free up space previously occupied by paper, while new services and commons are created. Librarians and architects do not have enough benchmarks or standards to guide the redesign of spaces caused by these changes. The Danish concept of the “four spaces”, introduced in the Model Programme for Public Libraries, could be useful for this purpose in public libraries.

El Anuario ThinkEPI llega a su duodécima edición

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:29:37 +0200

Presentamos en estas páginas un nuevo volumen del Anuario ThinkEPI, con el que cumplimos ya doce años. Esta publicación es una iniciativa de Tomàs Baiget, al que cada año agradecemos su firme apuesta por un modelo diferente dentro del panorama de las revistas científicas. El Anuario ThinkEPI persigue ser una publicación esencial en el campo de Información y Documentación, y en áreas afines como Ciencias de la Comunicación, Política cultural y Tecnologías de la Información, aunque no adopta la fórmula habitual de recepción libre de artículos de investigación.

Libraries deliver: Ambition for public libraries in England 2016-2021

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:29:28 +0200

Con un título sugerente y ambicioso, el año pasado Libraries Taskforce, la agencia gubernamental inglesa de la que forma parte Cilip (Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals), publicó un informe con el objetivo de ayudar a las bibliotecas públicas proponiendo líneas de trabajo, recogiendo buenas prácticas y comprometiendo al Gobierno a apoyar a las bibliotecas para que puedan satisfacer mejor las necesidades de la comunidad local y, al mismo tiempo, fortalecer su imagen.

Bibliotecas y humanidades digitales

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:29:19 +0200

A la investigación que se lleva a cabo en artes y humanidades que utiliza ordenadores y tecnologías digitales se la denomina humanidades digitales (digital humanities, DH). Este nuevo tipo de investigación (nuevo en los métodos, no en las finalidades) supone un cambio en las necesidades de investigadores tradicionalmente muy relacionados con las bibliotecas y los archivos. Cambio en las necesidades de los usuarios que debe comportar un cambio también en el enfoque, en la configuración de los servicios y (quizá lo que más) en la formación y conocimientos de los profesionales de las bibliotecas universitarias, especializadas y de investigación.