Scipedia: Documents published in 2018

Problems of mouth health in patients Waraos of the population of Nabasanuka, state Delta Amacuro, Venezuela.

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:14:13 +0200

Mr. Editor: On several occasions, between the end of 2015 and January 2016, in dental operatives, healthcare and free, presented the opportunity to meet with the residents and representatives of the Navasanuka jungle population and surrounding communities, located in the Lower Delta of the Orinoco River, Antonio Díaz municipality, Delta Amacuro State, Venezuela (LN 09 ° 08 '11.9 "and LO 061 ° 03'31.2"), an area no higher than 2 meters above sea level, with silty soils and tropical climate, with average annual rainfall of 2,221 mm and an average annual temperature of 26.1 ° C1. In these exploratory meetings, it was possible to confirm the oral state and certain habits and beliefs that the patients attended have, of the Warao ethnic group, in terms of health and oral status. Firstly, it was observed that dental caries and edentulism are common characteristics in most of the patients seen in the Dental Service during the operations; from here it is said that villagers wanted to "extract teeth", perform restorations and put on dentures, also appreciating that there is in some residents of this community Warao, the cosmological belief in "evil spirits" that generate the disease, regardless of the conditions of health and habits of dental hygiene, and even some pointed "the power" of some seeds called "Tears of San Pedro", with which they make necklaces, which, according to their belief, are placed on the neck to patients with toothache for that, in an effective way, the pain will be relieved

Tuberculosis in Venezuela, a constant problem

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:14:05 +0200

In accordance with the last editorial of the Venezuelan Public Health Magazine1, we can add that by the year 2018 tuberculosis is emerging as one of the ten (10) main causes of mortality in the world2 presenting a moderate rate of 26.1 in Venezuela. per 100,000 inhabitants. The Delta Amacuro state represents one of the highest caseloads in Venezuela, especially in indigenous populations such as the Warao ethnic group where prevalence has been achieved in children with up to 60% pulmonary tuberculosis in populations such as San Francisco del Guayo in the Orinoco Delta3; also in indians of the Colombian Orinoquía, there have been rising rates of tuberculosis greater than 1% of the population. Among the main causes of this increase are the increase in the resistance of the causative agent to the drugs, the increase in the number of cases of HIV patients, the weakening of the epidemiological surveillance programs, the presence of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. diagnosed and untreated, delay in the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of the disease, as well as the persistence of malnutrition and overcrowding which are expressions of economic vulnerability in this group of patients4. Tuberculosis is considered the second cause of death globally and the first among infectious diseases5. On September 18, 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the global tuberculosis report revealing that in 2016 in Venezuela there were 10,952 cases of this disease5, number of cases that has been growing in recent years . For the same year, Venezuela had notified the agency 8,592 cases, which showed that in just 12 months, the number of infected with tuberculosis increased by 28%, that is, there were more than 2,400 cases in just one year5. The incidence of tuberculosis was also reflected in the latest report of the body attached to the United Nations (UN) such that, by the year 2016, the incidence rate in Venezuela was 32 per 100 thousand inhabitants

Malnutrition and the food crisis on the hope of life of the Venezuelans

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:56 +0200

Malnutrition and the food crisis are facts that affect the majority of people living in Venezuela; this situation has been mentioned in this magazine on several occasions through research articles, as a public health problem. On the other hand, the Caritas Organization of Venezuela, estimates that in our country 280,000 children could die from malnutrition. In this sense, the studies reveal that during the year 2017, between five and six children died weekly due to lack of food, and that at least 33% of the child population had a delay in their growth1. In addition, malnutrition increases the risk of infections, viruses and bacteria, which leads to the appearance of various diseases typical of poorly nourished people; Among them are infections that in some cases, especially children, require prolonged hospital stays that affect their psychomotor development. One is Kwashiorkor, common in babies and children suffering from a strong protein deficiency; Its consequences are diarrhea, edema, liver damage and lack of growth. On the other hand, Marasmus is a type of malnutrition that occurs when the person's diet is insufficient in both calories and proteins; children with this malnutrition are very thin, with enlarged eyes

Nursing UCLA, 40 Promotions of efforts and illusions

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:48 +0200

The history of Nursing in the state of Lara, Venezuela, begins at the Hospital "La Caridad", created in 1918 (now the Museum of Barquisimeto), where the Sisters of Charity (Sisters of St. Joseph of Tarbes) arrived from France. which were requested by Dr. Luis Razetti, to become the First Nurses of Lara State, it would take many decades for the Nursing Program in the Deanship of Medicine to be created due to the importance in the promotion of health in the region. of the Centroccidental University "Lisandro Alvarado", UCLA, in the month of October 1994 (in 2019 it is 25 years old) after being approved by the National Council of Universities (CNU) in January of this same year, with which the Deanery expanded its academic capacity, so, in 2008, it was renamed the Deanship of Health Sciences (CNU of 11/22/2007), graduating between 1994 and 2019, forty Promotions of Higher Technicians Univers In Nursing, from here, we have, that the first promotion of Nursing Technicians of UCLA, graduated on November 26, 1998 (Figure 1), choosing as eponymous Dr. Maria Gomez (first Director of the Nursing Program being the Sponsors of this nascent Promotion, Dr. Aida Torres, Lcda. Noris Zambrano, Lcda. Dilia Bohórquez and Dr. Oswaldo Valdivia2,3, 25 years after the XL Promotion of TSU in Nursing UCLA (Figure 2), is sponsored by Dr. Milva Javitt, MSc. Ma Laura Lorenzo, Dr. Migdalis Giménez, Lcda. Dairi Díaz and Lcdo. Anyer Heredia

Bacterial sensitivity in patients with urinary infections Barquisimeto, Lara. January - june 2017

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:40 +0200

Urinary infections frequently presents recurrences, justifying repeated treatments that can lead to bacterial resistance, which has become a public health problem. The objective of this work is to determine the sensitivity patterns of bacterial strains isolated from patients with mild urinary tract infection in Barquisimeto, Lara state in the period January - July 2017. This is a quantitative, descriptive and transversal research. The universe consisted of 715 patients with suspected urinary infection. The sample selected was 525 patients who attended the clinic of the Cooperativa Cecosesola. Samples were processed according to CLSI procedures for culture and antibiogram. The results were analyzed with the Microsoft Excel 2010 program. In 33% (175) of the samples, bacterial growth was obtained. The female gender predominated in 85% of the samples analyzed. The results obtained indicated that the isolated bacterial strains were Escherichia coli (75%), Enterobacter cloacae (10%), Proteus species (7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (4%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2%) and others (2%; cocos Gram Positives and Candida spp). 85% of the strains of E. coli were sensitive to quinolones, 80% to aminoglycosides, 75% to nitrofurantoin, 50% to trimethoprim sulfate and only 40% to cephalexin. The data obtained indicates that antimicrobials useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections in the study population are quinolones, aminoglycosides and nitrofurantoin as a third option.

Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:31 +0200

Exposure to cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) during childhood and adolescence may be associated with the development of atherosclerosis in adult life. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, belonging to two diversified education institutions of the Iribarren Municipality, Barquisimeto, Lara State. It was a prospective, descriptive investigation, through which clinical and paraclinical parameters were determined to evaluate CVRF, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, overweight, sedentary lifestyle and smoking. The sampling was non-probabilistic and consisted of 136 adolescents. It was found that 38.97% of the adolescents evaluated did not present any cardiovascular risk factor and 61.09% presented one or more risk factors. Of these, 80.95 %% presented a risk factor, 11.90%) two risk factors (dyslipidemia-obesity or dyslipidemia-high blood pressure figures) and 7.15% more than three cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia -obesity-high blood pressure figures-sedentary lifestyle). In the present study it was possible to establish that adolescents presented cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, overweight / obesity, hypertension, physical inactivity and smoking. The presence of a family history of cardiovascular disease was recorded. Consequently, it is necessary to promote opportunities for intervention in the prevention and control of cardiovascular disease with actions aimed at health promotion must be incorporated at the national and community level, through mass communication educational campaigns aimed at tobacco, healthy eating and physical activity, both in parents and in children and adolescents.

Enteroparasites, epidemiological indicators and nutritional status in preschoolers of “Coropo”, Aragua State, Venezuela abstract

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:21 +0200

Parasitic diseases affect millions of people worldwide, most commonly in children, are closely linked to poverty and other socio-economic factors. The study aimed to establish the relationship between intestinal parasites, and epidemiological and nutritional status in preschool educational institutions of the municipality Coropo, Aragua, Venezuela. We evaluated 145 children and their feces were analyzed using the techniques of physiological saline, Lugol, Kato, Faust, Baermann and Graham. Nutritional assessment was performed using clinical evaluation and anthropometric indicators, with the cut offs, excess: > p90; Normal: between p10 and p90; deficit: 0.05). However, they observed a statistically significant association (p <0.05), washing hands before eating and after using the bathroom and the presence of intestinal parasites. We obtained a high percentage of normal in anthropometric indicators: Weight for the Age 80%, Size for Age 66.9%, Cephalic Circumference for the Age 71.72% and Brachial Circumference for the Age 82.76%, these can be influenced by the existence of a dining room where the children who study there have breakfast and lunch.. We conclude that despite the high rate of intestinal parasitic infections found, it did not affect the nutritional status of children tested

Most recent data on malnutrition in Venezuela

Scipedia content — Wed, 23 Oct 2019 11:13:13 +0200

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a group of goals that make up a plan agreed by all the countries of the world with the aim of improving the quality of life of millions of people who inhabit our planet. The second of these objectives, which is framed within the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), is "to end hunger, achieve food security and improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture" or also known as "HUNGER ZERO." More than 1,000 million people subsist on less than a dollar a day and approximately 795 million people suffer from chronic malnutrition worldwide, with the child population being the most severely affected.

JMA intensity estimation for the Costa Rica Earthquake Engineering Laboratory's strong motion records

Aarón Moya — Thu, 22 Aug 2019 18:37:02 +0200

The JMA intensity was calculated for all the important events that the Earthquake Engineering Laboratory (LIS) has recorded since 1990. First, a pre-selection was made taking into account only events that had been recorded in more than 5 sites. Every record was plotted and revised by visual inspection in order to rule out those with high noise level or poor waveform quality. A frequency domain filter was applied to each component, then in the time domain the vectorial summation was computed and data was sorted out in descending order. The amplitude at which the cummulative amplitude reached a value of 0.3s was taken to compute the JMA intensity. The results are shown in the form of graphs that relate the value of JMA to the maximum acceleration and in the form of maps showing the spatial distribution of intensities.

Dynamic buckling of shell-like structures under pressures due to an explosion

Luis Godoy — Tue, 16 Apr 2019 21:11:04 +0200

The nonlinear dynamic response and buckling of a simple, two degree of freedom system is investigated in this work under an impulsive load that simulates a nearby detonation-like explosion. The system includes force and moment springs in much the same way as membrane and bending effects develop in shell structures. The static response is first obtained to evaluate bifurcation states and nonlinear equilibrium paths including geometric imperfections. The dynamic problem is modeled using Lagrange equation of motion. The nonlinear dynamic response under impulsive load is next computed for the perfect configuration under increasing load levels. The presence of quasi-bifurcations is detected using stability coefficients based on second order derivatives of the total potential energy. For a given load level, it is found that one stability coefficient vanishes at the first maximum in the displacement versus time trajectory, at which the system passes through a state of zero velocity. This occurs for the same displacement configuration as in the static buckling mode. The results show that quasi-bifurcation loads thus obtained are independent of the amplitude of the geometric imperfection considered but display high sensitivity to changes in the membrane to bending stiffness ratio.

Relationship between the participation in forums and blogs of political debate on the internet and the monitoring of political information in professional media: Evolutionary analysis 2011-2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:49:28 +0200

The possibilities offered by information and communication technologies have allowed many people to become political content creators. Often, the produced content is not based on information created by professionals. The objective of this work is to analyse the relationship between the monitoring of political information in professional media and the production of political content in non-professional media. The study performs a secondary analysis of the data obtained by applying the statistical method to surveys published by the Spanish Centre for Sociological Research (CIS, Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas) between 2011 and 2016. The results show that there is a strong relationship between the participation in blogs and forums of political debate and the use of the Internet to stay informed about politics. It has also been observed that there is an association between the creation of political content and the monitoring of political programs through the press, radio and television.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:37:33 +0200

Congresos,

Communication of European populist leaders on Twitter: Agenda setting and the ‘more is less’ effect

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:36:48 +0200

The populist phenomenon has acquired great relevance during the last decade. The emergence of new populist actors and the consolidation of the use of social media such as Twitter are transforming the field of political communication. The objective of this paper is to know the agenda set by the leaders of the main European populist political parties on Twitter, as well as the strategy they use and the user interaction achieved. The sample consists of the 2,310 tweets published by the leaders of Podemos, the 5 Stelle Movement, France’s National Front and UKIP during three random time periods. The results show a low degree of thematic fragmentation, the launch of proposals instead of attracting voters, and the existence of a strong negative correlation between the number of published tweets and user interest.

Policy labs in Europe: political innovation, structure and content analysis on Twitter

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:36:02 +0200

Recent years have seen a veritable boom in the creation of policy labs. These institution-based innvation laboratories aim to open up the processes of public policy design to the social stakeholders involved. In 2016, the European Union Policy Lab commissioned a report that identified 64 such laboratories in Europe. In the present study, we use network analysis to reveal the structure of the relationships between the 42 of these labs that have a presence on Twitter. We then conduct a content analysis of their tweets to identify the topics of interest. Our results describe a fragmented, country-based network and the principal concepts and key issues addressed by these institutions.

Social media and democracy

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:34:53 +0200

Slowly approaching the second quarter of the 21st century, research on social media and its effects over democracy has quickly permeated across various fields in social sciences, particularly political communication. Based on accumulated evidence in this strand of literature, this paper briefly summarizes several established research areas. First, it highlights how social media facilitates individuals’ political expression. Second, it sheds light on how this enhanced communicative behavior has reinvigorated a more participatory society in democracy. Third, it examines social media’s democratic deficit mechanisms in regards to stagnant political knowledge acquisition. Finally, the paper offers a theoretical explanation to this lack of knowledge acquisition through the lenses of the ‘news-finds-me’ perception theory. Overall, the present manuscript explains specific ways in which social media helps and hinders the advancement of healthy democracies, thereby also providing promising guidelines for future research.

Driving variables of the Spanish publishing industry

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:21:34 +0200

This research aims to identify the evolution and trends of the Spanish publishing sector. For this purpose, firstly, official statistical sources available on the publishing market and reading habits will be used, from which will be obtained: a) the necessary data for their statistical treatment, and b) an answer to whether the Spanish private publishing sector adapts adequately to market changes. The work raises several questions for this market: a) how is the price elasticity of the sale of copies? b) What impact does the greater or lesser number of private publishers have on the sale of copies? c) How does the sale of copies determine the evolution of the average print run?, and d) what impact does the habit of reading have on sales of copies?

Monologues in the conversational era: Assessing the level of dialogic communication that big firms are reaching on social medi

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:20:21 +0200

Ibex 35 and Fortune 500 companies are still not fully utilizing the dialogic potential of social media. The percentage of companies with a low level of dialogic communication exceeds the percentage of companies with a high level in both groups, according to this study which assesses the level of dialogic communication developed by firms with their external audiences on blogs, Facebook and Twitter in an integrated way. Based on Kent & Taylor’s (1998) framework, a dialogic conceptual tool has been created, refined and applied to all the sample. The tool analyzes 73 variables on three dimensions: Presence, Content and Interactivity. Inter-method triangulation has been applied to carry out the research: virtual ethnography, critical discourse analysis (CDA) and interviews with experts.

Fake news, threat or opportunity for information professionals?

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:19:37 +0200

A contextual approach to the phenomenon of false news in the field of information and documentation is presented, taking into account the role that professionals in the sector can exercise efficiently. We present a description of projects, both from library institutions and their professionals, and from the education and communication sectors, also affected and involved in the problem of fake news and post-truth. In the conclusions the required revision of a series of practices and activities so far developed is stated, with both the participation and the collaboration with other professional sectors involved, and the implementation of training projects in digital and media literacy.

The terrorist attacks in Barcelona and Cambrils in the online press. Informative treatment in El periódico, El país and The guardian

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:17:49 +0200

This article is focused on the media coverage of the terrorist attacks occurred in Barcelona and Cambrils, Spain, in August 2017. The study analyzes the digital version of three international newspapers: The guardian, El país and El periódico de Catalunya. The content they published is compared with the Code of Ethics of the Professional Journalists Association of Catalonia and the Guidelines on news coverage of terrorism from the Catalan Audiovisual Council (CAC-CPC, 2016). The results show that the newspapers meet these criteria, with the exceptions of the protection of minors and the protection of privacy.

Construction of online communities based on consolidated face-to-face communities. The case of Catholic Church on the internet

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:16:41 +0200

The concept of community has broadened since the emergence of the digital era. Factors of time and space are no longer influential in the process of building a digital common interest group. What do we need to create digital communities? How do they maintain themselves? How do they combine their digital existence with their possible real presence? The main goal of this article is to analyze the process of building consolidated digital communities. This will require close study of the elements required to start them up and keep them going, eventually revealing how strong real communities manage to exist in the digital sphere. Our sample is the global catholic community. We will analyze the 19 most relevant websites dealing with this religion, which have been monitored during three years.

Job placement and satisfaction with employment in the Communication university programs adapted to the EHEA. A case study

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:16:21 +0200

The implementation of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), effective in Spain since the 2008-2009 academic year, raised the need for universities to actively commit to employability, but the study of the work trajectory of the new graduates has been practically unattended in Spain. In this paper we analyze the employment details in the three years after graduation of the graduates from the communication programs who finished their studies at the Rey Juan Carlos University (Madrid) between the academic years 2012-13 and 2015-16. Employment period of the analyzed cohorts takes place between 2014 and 2017. The results indicate a deep deterioration of the labor market in the communication sector in 2014, when only 30% of the recent graduates had an occupation according to their training profile one year after graduation. Employment in the sector has been recovering since 2015. In the years following, around 50% of graduates accessed the specific labor market after one year, and specific employment reached almost 70% in the third year after graduation. However, even relying on the stability of their jobs, recent graduates see few options for improvement and professional growth in the communication sector.

The engagement strategy of Netflix Spain in Twitter

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:15:50 +0200

This paper analyses how the streaming television platform Netflix creates a community in Twitter. Through a content analysis (N=1,048 tweets, n=100 tweets) we explore the characteristics of the messages with more answers, more likes and more retweets. Results allow to ascertain what the audience finds more relatable in a TV brand. Conclusions show that having a creative strategy, promote and inform about series, and using the social media language, like hashtags and visual resources, contribute to the follower’s participation. Asking questions looking for participations or using humour or intrigue also helps towards this objective.

Policy labs in Europe: political innovation, structure and content analysis on Twitter

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:15:08 +0200

The personalization, circulation, impact and reception in Twitter of Macron’s 17/04/18 speech to the European Parliament

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:14:28 +0200

On April, 17th 2018, the French president, Emmanuel Macron, in the Plenary of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, appealed to the “renaissance of European sovereignty”. The article analyzes the functions attributed to the preferred social network for debate and political discussion, Twitter, focusing essentially on: the distribution of information, the impact of the social network on the modification of the public agenda, the personalization of the transmission of political discourses in social networks, as well as new habits of political consumption specifically, in the context of Twitter. The results show that: 1) journalists have a key role in the descriptive phase towards national publics but a less salient one in the emerging transnational sphere where political actors target their own publics directly; 2) EU institutions failed to try to set the agenda setting through hashtags without success; 3) Macron is a transnational political actor capable of communicating through fragmented public spaces; 4) The content of the messages passes very quickly from a descriptive to a framing approach.

Communication of European populist leaders on Twitter: Agenda setting and the ‘more is less’ effect

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:13:44 +0200

Thematic agenda and Twitter: Presidential elections in Latin America during the 2015-2017 period

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:12:58 +0200

The political agenda in an electoral context has multiple supports on which to be built: besides traditional media, social networks have adopted a leading role in the strategies of the parties. The current research analyzes for 28 days the official Twitter accounts of the two main presidential candidates in Argentina, Peru, Ecuador, Honduras and Chile, during the elections held in Latin America in the 2015-2017 period. The thematic agendas of the candidates and the countries are exposed through the use of a quantitative methodology, content analysis and the use of tools such as Python Twint, NVivo and SPSS, whilst Spearman’s Rho coefficient was applied for the extraction of correlations. In conclusion, the absence of a particular digital agenda in Latin America has been inferred, within a coherent thematic behavior through the left-right axis and the national politics.

The management of the candidates’ Twitter accounts in the Spanish 2016 general elections: Between self-referentiality and media hybridization

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:12:05 +0200

Twitter has become an essential instrument in the communication strategies of political actors during electoral campaigns. However, it is necessary to improve the knowledge about its use. The aim of this piece of research is to analyse the interaction in the usage of Twitter by the four main candidates in Spanish 2016 general elections. The research method is a content analysis of 2,339 tweets published during the electoral campaign. The results show: 1) candidates do not interact with citizens, but their main use of Twitter is self-referential; 2) the strategic use of hybridization between new media and conventional media is patent; 3) a clear distinction between old and new parties is not possible regarding the management of Twitter accounts.

Politics, hackers and partisan networking. Misinformation, national utility and free election in the Catalan independence movement

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:11:06 +0200

Misinformation, post-truth and fake news are the consequence of the complex interaction between technological disruption, collective interpersonal communication and sociopolitical action. We analyzed the impact of content produced by the hacktivist Julian Assange [1] and his WikiLeaks organization in support of the Catalan independence process in the last quarter of 2017. A total of 1,708,087 unique results were retrieved from multiple streams of Internet data, of which 99.85% is from Twitter with a 93% viralization rate. The 50 most viral tweets were analyzed qualitatively to identify the underlying misinformation patterns. The research findings show 1) the extent to which such misinformation favors the internal logic, coherence and survival of the independence worldview, whose main value lies in its national utility and 2) misinformation does not use the coercion of lies or falsehoods typical of totalitarian propaganda, but the freedom of citizens to voluntarily engage.

Communication research in scientific journals in Spain (2005-2015). From theoretical disquisitions to evidence-based research

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:10:36 +0200

During the last decade, a growing number of scholars have evaluated the scientific progress of communication studies from a longitudinal and descriptive perspective, preventing a holistic understanding of the most relevant associations occurred in the discipline. Through a content analysis of 11 Spanish journals in communication, this article explores the probability of producing empirical science according to seven criteria: number of years, public funding, the journal, and the research topic, the number of authors and the gender and geographical origin of the authors. In general, the findings demonstrate a slow but continuous process to rule out non-evidence-based research from the most important spaces for academic diffusion and the growth of empirical research, especially through techniques such as content analysis. In conclusion, the culture and research practice in communication in Spain evolves towards international standards.

Relationship between the participation in forums and blogs of political debate on the internet and the monitoring of political information in professional media: Evolutionary analysis 2011-2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:10:09 +0200

Spanish newspapers as a reference source of Wikipedia

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:09:40 +0200

Spanish Wikipedia ranks ninth among the most consulted websites. The most frequent queries are about: celebrities (athletes, artists, politicians, etc.); movies and television series; places; or sports, among others. Many of these issues require an almost continuous update. The official policy of the Wikipedia declares that “specialized sources should have priority over the general press, since newspapers and weekly magazines tend to simplify their exposition, sometimes omitting important data or describing the subject in an encyclopedically unhelpful way”. The article analyzes the extent to which Wikipedia respects this policy by analyzing the presence of some of the most important Spanish newspaper media in Wikipedia as a source of external reference. How many articles, and what percentage, of the Spanish Wikipedia have references or citations to the Spanish digital newspapers most consulted on the internet? On what types of contents of Wikipedia, from the thematic point of view, are Spanish digital newspapers used as an external source?

The Spanish television fiction series after the arrival of VOD services (2015-2017)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 15:08:57 +0200

The situation of fiction series produced in Spain by the countrywide broadcasters in the context of the arrival of VOD services such as Netflix is analyzed. The previous situation of Spanish fiction and the challenges generated by the new consumption modalities are presented. Then, a study of the audiences of the fiction series broadcast by Televisión Española, Antena 3, and Telecinco in the three-year period 2015-2017 is carried out. The conclusions put in relation the changes in the consumption of television with a gradual reconfiguration of the fiction produced in Spain.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:04:05 +0200

Jornadas,

The grammatization of emotions on Facebook in the elections to the Parliament of Catalonia 2017

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:03:28 +0200

This article proposes the analysis of reactions, emojis, and stickers of Facebook as a method to analyze the way in which the platform grammatizes the actions of the users and also the emotions invoked by the narratives that are deployed in the social network. To do this, we took, as a study case, the electoral campaign of the elections to the Parliament of Catalonia held on December 21st, 2017. Our analysis allows us to identify the emotions to which the narratives of the parties appealed, the main formats used during the campaign and their relationship with emotional response, and the possibilities available to users to convey the most visceral feelings.

Research on political information and social media: Key points and challenges for the future

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:02:22 +0200

The key points of the transformations that social media have generated in the field of political information are identified. Social media consolidation is bringing with it a new, more hybrid communicative environment and a logic based on new principles and operating criteria that affect the entire informative process. Therefore, the impact of digital platforms on the production, distribution, and consumption of political information is examined from a critical literature review. To conclude, an approach to pending future challenges for research in this highly dynamic field is offered.

Research on political information and social media: Key points and challenges for the future

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:01:15 +0200

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:01:06 +0200

Communication of innovation through online media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:00:41 +0200

The communication of innovation through online media is a subject that has not been studied much. This article examines the communications of Spanish companies that have received grants for their Research, Development and Technological Innovation (R&D&I) projects from the Centre for Industrial Technological Development (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial, CDTI). The companies that received funding in January 2016 are reviewed and an analysis performed of the quantitative and qualitative content of the websites and blogs for the subsequent 2 years has been. We have observed whether the companies communicate their innovations, if so, how, and whether they are complying with their communication obligations. Our conclusions indicate that the communication is insufficient, dispersed and not homogeneous. The regulations should better specify in which section the information should be published and which elements it should consist of, in order to improve transparency.

International correspondents in Spain facing Government and information sources. Evaluation of problems by analytic hierarchy process (AHP)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 14:00:12 +0200

Correspondents

Journalistic content curation and news librarianship: Differential characteristics and necessary convergence

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:59:08 +0200

Based on a systematic review of the literature on journalistic content curation and news librarianship, the paper puts forward a clarification of the two concepts. Profiles for each of the two disciplines are set out, together with common aspects for comparison to identify their similarities and differences. Based on the comparison, the paper argues for the convergence of the two disciplines, finding that each is vital to safeguarding the social functions performed in the press coverage of current events, including the essential function of user-generated content.

Panorama and challenges of communicative mediation in the scenario of the so-called smart automation

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:58:24 +0200

The impact of what is known as high technology, which is based on cyber-physical systems that, first and foremost, combine physic infrastructure with software, sensors, nanotechnology and digital technology of communication, sets the different ways of communicative mediation in a new setting. Cybernation has entered the communicative ecosystem and is becoming more and more prominent, which reshapes the models of infomediation (understood as mediation and intermediation) and demands renewed technological competences and skills to the professional profiles of information and communication. In this paper, the context of the technological development in the field of communication is, preferably, analized from the digital origin. The starting point is situated for this new panorama which, parallel to smart automation, can be foreseen for infomediation. Some of the main challenges that are distinguished in the immediate scenario for the professional mediators are also identified.

The public library and the skills of the XXI century

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:57:57 +0200

Since the beginning of the XX century, public libraries have been contested. Initially, the biggest criticism was focused on those libraries which seemed a book deposit, and how they could cooperate to the development of the industrial society and also, afterwards, the post-industrial society. With the coming of the information society, new challenges came up, like the transformation from the print to digital, the training of readers... New skills were demanded to librarians to overcome these challenges. Since their first years of existence, libraries have been understood as temples of knowledge and truth. Nowadays, political, economic and ideological interests support the post-truth crisis, over abundance of information, manipulation of the information and fake news. Within this context, identification and development of information skills has become essential. Moreover, it is a duty of public libraries to create the conditions to satisfy the new demands of the information & knowledge society. Based on comparative studies, a bibliographic review and qualitative methodologies, this article analyzes the community divide, the reading mediation, the information skills, both the return on investment (ROI) and the social return on investment (SROI), and to demonstrate how the new model of public library is able to cope with the needs of the XXI century’s citizens.

Use, knowledge and assessment of the scientific digital social networks in the Galician universities

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:57:15 +0200

Scientific social networks (SSN) have been an important advance in the dissemination of knowledge in the scientific community. There are more and more researchers who agree on the need to join some SSN on account of the many advantages of visibility and impact they offer. This research paper studies the knowledge and use of SSN in the three Galician universities in 2017. Surveys of 552 professor/researchers from A Coruña, Santiago de Compostela and Vigo universities show that the knowledge and use of SSN have a growing trend, and that its management and usefulness assessment is positive, although their access frequency is still low.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:57:06 +0200

When a ritual murder occurred at Purim. The harm in hate speech

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:56:20 +0200

This paper aims to address the problem of hate on the Internet. It is opened with a definition of hate speech. Then it discusses hate speech prior to the Internet, during the Internet’s early days and at present time. The paper explains some of the ways that hate groups utilise the Internet and their purposes in doing so, examining the content and the functions of hate sites as well as the agenda of hate mongers. Under examination are the issues of propaganda, targeting children and youth, incitement and blood libels. The article is based in the main on a close study of dozens of hate websites.

The public library as seen by the non-users

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:55:32 +0200

The user experience framework (UX) serves to analyze the characteristics, preferences and perceptions of non-users of the public library to inform the (re)design of services. Empirical data come from a representative survey of the Catalan population aged 15 and over. In general terms, libraries and librarians benefit from a positive image, although one third of non-users would have no motivation for visiting a public library (again). Most are ex-users (81%) who had visited a public library but not in the last year. Individuals seem to stop using the public library when they end their educational period, with disengagement affecting more men than women. Never-users (19%) stand out among older individuals and lower educational levels. Results support the idea that different strategies must target ex-users and non-users to attract them (back) to the library as both their profiles and opinions on the public library are different.

How should companies that receive R&D&I funds communicate? Legal requirements in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:55:04 +0200

Companies receiving funds for their research, development and technological innovation (R&D&I) activities must comply with communication obligations so that citizens are informed of the projects that are financed using public funds. The information requirements are defined both in the European and Spanish legal framework. The objective of this paper is to compile this legislation and analyse the communication and data sharing obligations that are required for these funding recipients. The results indicate that the communication obligations of the subsidised projects are very general. It is compulsory to standardise the terms used, the actions requested and the content of these, and to promote data sharing in companies, all through a repository that brings together the R&D&I projects funded.

Received citations as a main SEO factor of Google Scholar results ranking

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:54:15 +0200

The aim of this article is to analyze the web positioning factors that can influence the order, by relevance, in Google Scholar and the subsequent evaluation of the importance of received citations in this ordering process. The methodology of reverse engineering was applied, in which a comparison was made between the Google Scholar ranking and another ranking consisting of only the number of citations received by documents. This investigation was conducted employing four types of searches without the use of keywords: by publication, year, author, and “cited by”. The results were matched in the four samples with correlation coefficients between the two highest rankings, which exceeded 0.9. The present study demonstrates more clearly than in previous research how citations are the most relevant off-page feature in the ranking of search results on Google Scholar. The other features have minimal influence. This information provides a solid basis for the academic search engine optimization (ASEO) discipline. We also developed a new analysis procedure for isolating off-page features that might be of practical use in forthcoming investigations.

Combats for the book: A play on words with the

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:53:11 +0200

In the publishing sector, electronic book growth figures have shown progressive consolidation in markets around the world. The electronic book evolution in the last 15 years shows the paradoxes and contradictions that every new technology has to address in its implementation process. In addition, the editorial industry is resistant to new business models due to the possibilities of piracy and the fragility of a system in full transition. And, although digital reading is on the upswing and shows undoubted progression, the print book remains central to publishing and continues to maintain strongly competitive odds with the new systems.

Perspective and challenges for scientific evaluators and bibliometrics professionals

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:52:50 +0200

The current landscape on indicators is characterized by its great activity with new data sources emerging and new indicators being proposed. However, national evaluation processes in Spain and Latin America are characterized by the use of indicators and criteria defined by a conservative view of science becoming ever more updated and with a narrow vision of the scientific activity. In this text we reflect on this paradox and we put forward ideas on how we could work from the bibliometric community, both academic and professional, to connect these two worlds, new indicators and evaluation processes, that are so related and increasingly distant.

Disclosure of public information of Spanish regional governments (2013-2017): Open data portals, transparency portals and institutional websites

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:52:09 +0200

The extent of data disclosure related to transparency and accountability in Spanish regional governments is analyzed for the period 2013-2017. For that purpose, an index with weighting of the quality for data reutilization is used. The index is first calculated for open data portals, and then transparency portals and institutional websites are added to the assessment. Findings show that just five regional governments clearly opt for open data based transparency and accountability. Nevertheless, there is a general improvement when transparency portals and institutional websites are added to the index, mainly because of data disclosed in transparency portals. Findings show that fourteen regional governments show sincere transparency and accountability policies, five of them with open data and the remainders with transparency portals. On the contrary, four regional governments perform a sheer apparent transparency behavior, without disclosing significant data.

Instagram and the spectacularization of political crises. The 5W of the digital image in the independence process in Catalonia

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:51:22 +0200

Instagram has become an important tool for the production and distribution of political images. Our objective is to analyze its strategic management in a context of political and institutional crisis. Based on our own model of content analysis, nine thematic and formal categories associated with the spectacularization of politics during the most intense phase of the independence process in Catalonia, between June 2017 and April 2018, have been reviewed. The sample includes 188 images published by the top 10 leaders of the Catalan and Spanish political map, both in votes of their parties and followers Instagram. The results show a regular political use characterized by intense personalization and orientation towards professional issues. In addition, a use of spectacular resources is detected, such as emotional appeal, the hybridization of spaces, and the experimentation with expressive filters.

Big data and open data for an intelligent governance

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:50:41 +0200

Intelligent governance is based on the use of large amounts of data that public administrations produce and gather in the development of their activities and in their relations with citizens and companies. In this paper, it is shown how the use of big data at the disposal of public administrations, citizens and companies is producing a new public management model known as intelligent governance. The paper also explores the impact of big data analysis in public administration and presents the channels that citizens and companies may use to actively collaborate with public administration in this new model of governance

Twitter and political information in the main digital media: The social network as a source of statements in the Trump era

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:50:11 +0200

Based on a sample of articles published by The New York Times in 2017 covering three important political issues, this research quantifies the number of tweets that end being used as journalistic sources. With the president of the United States, Donald Trump, as the main protagonist, the results point to the fact that Twitter statements are consolidated as a content used on a recurring basis also in the most reliable media. In this way, the study contributes to deepen into the changes that the social network has introduced in the use of journalistic sources in the field of hard news.

Political information in trending topic videos on YouTube Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:49:46 +0200

YouTube is a social network where videos of all topics are created and consumed. In this article we propose a classification of the most watched political information content on YouTube Spain. We will analyze the power and characteristics of these contents in a sample of 1,443 videos that were trending topic for 143 days. We will use a methodology based on content analysis to observe the frequency, user interaction, creative activity of authors, presence of infotainment features and journalistic quality on political videos. The results showed a lower frequency of visualization, interaction and prosumer activity in the videos of political information. We also found that most of the videos lack of plurality and no sources were consulted in them. This scene is a challenge for journalists, whose mission of verification and sort out of information acquires, in this context, a great importance.

The grammatization of emotions on Facebook in the elections to the Parliament of Catalonia 2017

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:49:14 +0200

Política de influencia y tendencia fake en Twitter. Efectos postelectorales (21D) en el marco del Procés en Cataluña

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:48:29 +0200

Que Twitter ha revolucionado la manera de hacer política no es novedad; tampoco lo es su capacidad de viralización, mediatización y activismo ciudadano. En paralelo, la personalización del candidato político alcanza un elevado índice de respuesta usuaria (me gusta, retweets y comentarios) que supera la actividad del propio partido. En el contexto de las postelecciones catalanas del 21D, el objetivo de este estudio es conocer a partir de una metodología triangulada de análisis de contenido, las principales estrategias y posibles efectos de una comunicación digital, en la que prima el sujeto (quién) por delante del objeto (qué). Sobre un muestreo de más de 1.345 tweets de candidatos tanto independentistas como constitucionalistas y 570.446 métricas, los resultados evidencian la eficacia de Twitter y el protagonismo del candidato y cuestionan la bidireccionalidad del discurso político en la Red.

Presence and activity of Spanish regional parliaments in social networks: Little progress in promoting citizen participation

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:48:03 +0200

Social networks have become an essential communication tool for public institutions. The 17 Spanish autonomous parliaments already have many profiles in several networks and have been increasing their activity in them, especially to disseminate information. However, there are few studies that analyze how they use these networks to promote dialogue and participation of citizens, true values of communication 2.0 and the so-called “open parliaments”. By monitoring their profiles, and based on the above analysis data, it is clear that despite the progress, there is still a long way to go in this area.

Trump vs. media. Treatment of the press from the US president’s Twitter account

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:47:31 +0200

This article examines President Donald Trump’s treatment on Twitter towards the US media during his first six months in office, from January 20 to July 20, 2017. Based on a content analysis of the tweets published in the account @realDonaldTrump, we study the mentions to the media and their tone, and the presence and use of keywords related to the media. In addition, we analyze Trump’s treatment of the press in relation to political control and the role of journalism as watchdog of democracy. As main conclusions it is noted that Trump, in a very simplistic way, praises those media that treat him positively and criticizes those that –in his view- portrait him negatively, which are often dubbed as fake news. Through this process, Trump avoids the mediator role of the media and rejects the watchdog role that democratic systems have attributed to them.

Journalistic content curation and news librarianship: Differential characteristics and necessary convergence

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:46:31 +0200

New sound communication. Cartography, grammar and transmedia narrative of podcasting

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:46:09 +0200

Podcasting has created an own narrative that provokes a rupture of the traditional radio´s language due to the transmedia configuration of its contents and its multiplatform strategies. By analyzing the most relevant Spanish podcasts and through in-depth interviews, this investigation presents a cartography of the diverse platforms and the different contents that podcasters use so as to expand their stories beyond the sound language. Our results demonstrate that podcasting offers its messages in a wide range of platforms, digital and analog, that functionally complement each other. This involves producing materials in different media language. Moreover, podcasting presents a great variety of contents that, instead behaving in an isolated way, conform a logical and coherent grammar.

Measurement and analysis of the presence in Facebook and Twitter in the regional television broadcaster’s context in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:45:49 +0200

The presence in Facebook and Twitter of 12 Spanish regional TV stations is analysed and quantified along a 12 months period, using Fanpage Karma. Also, their presence in social media and audience shares reached are compared using Kampal Social, to view the global network in Twitter and using modularity and clustering indexes. The results show that TV3, Canal Sur and Telemadrid are the most active public regional broadcasters in Facebook and Twitter. The analysis of the global network of Twitter’s users shows a clear separation between the users associated with each public regional broadcaster television and indicates that there are very few interactions on Twitter between users of different communities.

Output, collaboration and impact of e-learning research: Bibliometric analysis and visualizations at the country and institutional level (Scopus 2003-2016)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:45:11 +0200

Bibliometric indicators of production and impact of e-learning research are analyzed to know the contribution of countries and institutions in the scientific development of this subject and to strengthen its characterization as knowledge domain. We extracted bibliometric indicators from 39,244 documents indexed in Scopus and SCImago Institutional Rankings, and generated maps of production and collaboration networks and graphics about the impact of e-learning research in countries and institutions. The results of this combined analysis showed that at country level the United States produce most of the works and generated the greatest international collaboration. At institutional level, the University of Hong Kong is the most productive and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology is the one with the greatest collaboration. In addition, the analysis showed that Taiwan ranks first in productivity and impact, which is why we linked these results to a brief analysis of its national policies. This study presents a new method to analyze both emerging and established knowledge domains.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:45:02 +0200

Congresos,

Six indicators in search of a meaning

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:44:50 +0200

This is a kind of conceptual document, and at the same time a reflection, but also something more, an act of provocation in the form of a piece of theater that shows a reality, something dramatic and comical at the same time, as is the panorama ofour research. It also includes a good portion of humor, but the kind of humor the great writer and thinker Luigi Pirandello defined as „the one that does not provoke the immediate laughter, but only pulls a smile behind which hides the bitter taste of the absurd or the unbearable lightness of our existence.“ This piece of theater, short and concise so as not to bore anyone, narrates the efforts that are required daily, as well as the situations created, to carry out the task –which is perhaps a utopia- of trying to measure something that is incommensurable, as is science on the part of those who are dedicated to its evaluation or to the study of its development. In this comedy, all actors involved, both protagonists and the indicators themselves, have the opportunity to present their hopes and fears, their merits and their complaints, their recommendations and warnings. They narrate the search for a path in a jungle in which the world of information has been converted, that is practicable, augurs a promising future for science, and allows us a more just interpretation.

Dimensions: re-discovering the ecosystem of scientific information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:44:33 +0200

The overarching aim of this work is to provide a detailed description of the free version of Dimensions (new bibliographic database produced by Digital Science and launched in January 2018). To do this, the work is divided into two differentiated blocks. First, its characteristics, operation, and features are described, focusing on its main strengths and weaknesses. Secondly, an analysis of its coverage is carried out (comparing it against Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus and Google Scholar) in order to determine whether the bibliometric indicators offered by Dimensions have an order of magnitude significant enough to be used. To this end, an analysis is carried out at three levels: journals (sample of 20 publications in ‘Library & Information Science’), documents (276 articles published by the Journal of informetrics between 2013 and 2015), and authors (28 people awarded with the Derek de Solla Price prize). Preliminary results indicate that Dimensions has coverage of the recent literature superior to Scopus, although inferior to Google Scholar. With regard to the number of citations received, Dimensions offers slightly lower figures than Scopus. Despite this, the number of citations in Dimensions exhibits a strong correlation with Scopus and somewhat less (although still significant) with Google Scholar. For this reason, it is concluded that Dimensions is an alternative for carrying out citation studies, able to rival Scopus (greater coverage and free of charge) and Google Scholar (greater functionalities for the treatment and data export).

Semantic modeling system for cataloging, classification, searching, and data opening of bibliographical information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:44:22 +0200

A new system is proposed to design and format bibliographic information using linked open data and semantic technology. Two ontological models are presented. The first one is based on the bibliographic ontology LD4L. The second one is the new ontology BiblioOntology, designed to categorize by subject the resources of a university library. Using either ontology, users can publish linked open data (LOD) and to categorize a resource from its MARCXML. It also allows users to query the information by various criteria and enrich it with criteria from external sources. Finally, it serves as a provider to other sources, through a Sparql Point service. The main contribution of the system is its usefulness for the integration, distribution, reuse, and open use of the bibliographic resources of a university library. The system is currently in use at the Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca (UPSA), but it could be used by any university library. http://dataupsa.upsa.es

Analytic surveillance: Big data business models in the time of privacy awareness

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:44:11 +0200

Massive data collection and analysis is at the heart of many business models today. New technologies allow for fine-grained recommendation systems that help companies make accurate market predictions while also providing clients with highly personalized services. Because of this, extreme care must be taken when it comes to storing and managing personal (often highly sensitive) information. In this paper we focus on the influence of big data management in media business content platforms, mainly in well-known OTT (Over the Top) services. In addition, we comment on the implications of data management in social networks. We discuss the privacy and security risks associated with this novel scenario, and briefly comment on tools that aid in securing the privacy of business intelligence within this context.

Design of an interactive self-assessment platform for the integration of cultural and creative sectors in regional development strategies: CreativeMed Toolki

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:44:02 +0200

CreativeMed Toolkit is a useful, strategic, self-assessment tool for policy-makers responsible for cultural and development policies in the Mediterranean regions. Its structure, methodological design (regional diagnosis of integral innovation, use of new technologies, and design of synthetic indicators), and content are discussed. A comparative analysis and examples of projects and good practices are presented. CreativeMed Toolkit reveals and highlights innovative experiences that have already been developed in the Mediterranean regions and funded by the European Commission.

Audience research in digital societies: Their measurement from advertising point of view

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:54 +0200

Audience research is useful for advertising. It facilitates the decision making on the best advertising media to spread a campaign, although the usefulness of the data it provides also depends on the dominant communicative model. In fact, the digital and online component of the current media ecosystem precipitates a new paradigm, as it questions the traditional model of audience measurement. This article explores and describes the gathered information by the audiences studies of 23 countries, with special attention to Spain. The results are discussed in light of the demands of audience measurement of the digital world.

Open data quality metrics: Barcelona open data portal case

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:42 +0200

Open data are a basic infrastructure for the creation of business, products, and services. To analyze their usefulness, the differences between data access, and dissemination, and reuse must be taken into account. The objective of this research is to analyze how Berners-Lee’s 5-star model and other factors help evaluate the quality of data and its use in the Barcelona open data portal, including its relationship to downloads and themes. Results show that it may be of interest to include aspects such as data updating frequency and geolocation in the models that measure the quality of data for reuse.

Methodological considerations on the use of the normalized impact in the Severo Ochoa and María de Maeztu programmes

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:33 +0200

In 2011, the research programmes for Support and accreditation of Severo Ochoa Centers of Excellence and Units of Excellence María de Maeztu were launched for the first time. Since then, these accreditations have become one of the axes of the Spanish scientific policy. In these years, € 186 million have been distributed and 26 centers and 16 units have been accredited. At the bibliometric level, one of the most relevant evaluation criteria is the need for guarantor researchers to have a Normalized Impact of, at least, 1.5. In this work, we critically analyze the origin of this bibliometric indicator in the eighties, the variants that have been proposed and the limitations of its use in this national call. Finally we offer a series of practical recommendations for a more accurate use of the Normalized Impact indicator for evaluative purposes.

Innovation results in media labs: The case of El confidencial.LAB

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:25 +0200

The innovative organizational and work processes at the digital newspaper El confidencial.LAB, a laboratory created in 2013 within a newsroom, are analyzed. This research was conducted over a 16-month period, using non-participant observation, in-depth interviews with lab professionals, and a questionnaire answered by its members. The results reveal various innovations generated by El confidencial.LAB in products, internal organization, production flows, user experience, and commercialization. The success of their productive process and business profitability can be attributed to interdisciplinary teamwork, a philosophy of trial and error, and launching a small amount of viable products.

Blog and Twitter, the perfect combination for a digital communicator: The cases of Escolar.net, El comidista and Mi mesa cojea

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:17 +0200

Personal

Privacy calculus: Factors that influence the perception of benefit

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:43:08 +0200

In many cases, users of online applications and services consciously and willingly hand over personal data to obtain a better service or a price reduction. This action assumes –nominally – that they behaved rationally, estimating and comparing benefits and costs (the potential use of their data and to whom it might be given). People have different perceptions about the benefits that result from handing over personal data. This article investigates the factors that influence this differing perception and concludes that those who are addicted to the internet, whose confidence has not been damaged in the past, with less knowledge, and who are more active on the internet are prone to perceive a greater benefit.

Privacy calculus: Factors that influence the perception of benefit

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:59 +0200

Informative treatment of sportsmen’s wives and girlfriends (WAGs) in Spanish sport digital press

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:51 +0200

This paper studies the coverage of WAGs (wives and girlfriends of sportsmen) in online sports-media by analyzing 418 articles published in four major online sports’ newspapers in Spain: Marca, As, Mundo deportivo, and Sport. A content analysis was used to create a card of analysis with ten fields. Thus, the paper analyzes the evolution of this phenomenon between 2000 and 2015; the sections, sport, type, and extension of such news; authorship, headlines, main theme, and information linked to negative facts about them; and the role played by women. Results show a significant increase in news coverage about WAGs in all newspapers. The coverage is mainly short news stories with abundant images; located in entertainment sections; associated with beauty, motherhood, male dependence, and subordination.

Communicative construction of hight quality online infographic reports. Constituent elements

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:42 +0200

A study of high quality infographic reports in online media from the 24th Malofiej awards, the top international reference in infographics. Informative uses, functions, internal structures, interactive levels, and multimedia elements are examined. This research uses an original coding card for content analysis, applied with variables that have not been used in similar studies. The results show stylistic and focus similarities with classic reports, along with excellent communicative clarity. Predominate the reports as autonomous, structurally and functionally simple pieces. The use of animations and other iconic and textual elements are infrequent. Communicative effectiveness and efficiency are achieved because of ease of use, simple articulation, and absence of “noise”—all of which are essential in an online product. Further guidelines for

Emerging audiovisual formats for MOOCs: Informative, educative and advertising design

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:33 +0200

Audiovisual formats are essential for virtual learning. Videos in MOOC courses exercise an informative, educational, and advertising function in the course program and in social networks. In this article, videos for courses are reviewed critically and include proposals for improvement. Videos of 50 courses of the edX platform are analyzed from the point-of-view of the narrative design of their content and audiovisual components. The results show that MOOC videos have a master lesson structure, with the visual and sound codes of classroom lectures. Solutions that incorporate creative languages and audiovisual technologies used in film and television are proposed.

Open access monographs published by university presses in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:23 +0200

The open access model for publishing monographs by the members of the Spanish Universities Publishers Association (UNE) is analyzed. The study focused on production data from 2015-2017, as well as the positioning and arguments of the editors in relation to the open access movement, publication, related policies, and financing modalities. Data was collected by a questionnaire (with a response rate of 58% of the publishers associated with UNE) and includes in-depth interviews with seven of them. The results show that 75% of UNE members publish titles in open access, most consider open access a good way to increase the dissemination of monographs, and that there are no differences in content quality with non-open access works. Publishers do not see that publishing in open access is compatible with the commercial exploitation of printed copies. Publishers consider the most effective financing channels to be institutional payment (i.e., the university), followed by publisher’s self-financing, and payment by the author.

Proposal of an indicator to measure the professionalization of election campaigns: The case of Colombia

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:15 +0200

An indicator is proposed that measures the degree of professionalization of presidential campaigns in political systems where there is high personalization and low institutionalization of political parties. The professionalization of Colombia’s 2014 presidential campaign is measured: describing both the organizational dimension and internal structure of the campaign, and the communication strategy used to persuade the voters. Dimensions and categories are established that show the development and evolution of the techniques used in the presidential campaign.

Professionalization; Electoral campaigns; Professionalization level; Political communication; Indicators; Colombia.

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:42:06 +0200

Secaba-Rank: An online tool to analyze and evaluate libraries

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:58 +0200

Secaba-Rank is an online tool that includes Secaba-Rank Universitarias and Secaba-Rank Publicas, which can be used to evaluate both Spanish university libraries and public reading networks. Using a systemic approach, the methodology makes use of second level indicators focused on efficiency. This methodology facilitates the benchmarking of libraries to find models of good practice in order to improve. Secaba-Rank is an essential tool for decision making by researchers and managers in libraries.

Assessment indicators for public broadcasters’ news services

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:50 +0200

Reputation, credibility, and accountability are the cornerstones of governing public service media in order to sustain and increase its legitimacy in society. To achieve this objective the management policies of public service media must be maintained and enhanced according to their mission. It is also necessary to develop strategies to improve the communication of the social value of pubic broadcasting in the media ecosystem. On this basis, this paper discusses the need for and challenges of stabilizing assessment indicators for public broadcasters’ news services.

The problematic universalization of scientific evaluation indicators. A critique from radio studies

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:42 +0200

The creation of an academic accreditation system for university researchers in Spain has led to the universalization of the pure and experimental sciences indicators. This universalization is questionable for the assessment of certain areas of knowledge such as communication science. This article provides a critical analysis of scientific evaluation indicators from a minority field of communicative research: radio studies. For this purpose, a multidimensional approach has been developed: bibliometric analysis of articles in Spanish academic journals, a survey of researchers, a study of the presence of authorities (most productive authors) in WoS-Scopus-Google Scholar, and the resolution of the main calls for national competitive fundings. The study has confirmed the inappropriate use of certain indicators –visibility and impact, internationalization, cooperation, or funded projects- for the evaluation of Spanish radio research, even more adverse than their use in other areas of communication. The adoption of mixed systems that make it possible to better evaluate the real impact of radio research is proposed.

The Journal Citation Reports (SCI edition) with and without journal selfcitations

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:35 +0200

Journals are ranked in the subject categories of the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) according to their impact factors (JIF). The calculation of this indicator includes both citations received from other journals and self-citations from the journal itself. In this paper the current model of the JCR is compared with an alternate model using the JIF without self-citations as a variable. In order to do this, simulations were carried out using JIF without self-citations as an alternative variable. We studied the relationship between the two variables (JIF with self-citations and JIF without self-citations), the gain obtained by the journals with the usual JIF with self-citations, the changes in the ranking in the whole JCR, and changes in the internal ranking in the JCR’s subject categories. A small negative correlation was found between the gain that the journals obtained and their JIF. The results obtained suggest that if JIF without self-citations were used as the variable, the ranking of journals in the JCR and within the subject categories would be, in general, very different from the current one. The quantification of these differences is one of the more interesting results of this work.

Alternative approaches to the quantitative assessment of academic research

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:28 +0200

There is a greater need to evaluate the research, and yet it is increasingly more complex to do so. The main criticisms that the inadequate use of informetric indicators receive are exposed. Alternative ways to use them to measure the research performance in an informed and responsible way, exploiting its potential adequately, are suggested.

A thousand and one reflections of the publications in the mirrors’ labyrinth of the new metrics

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:41:20 +0200

An overview of the metrics available to evaluate scientific production is presented. The classic indicators, based on citations, and the altmetric indicators, based on downloads and the impact on social networks, are compared. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of indicators are highlighted. The need for a classification of the indicators, that would help apply them correctly, is discussed.

ransmedia literacy in the new media ecology: Teens’ transmedia skills and informal learning strategies

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:40:42 +0200

The emergence of new media and platforms has compelled media literacy scholars to review their theoretical frameworks and methodological approaches. Based on a new conception –‘transmedia literacy’– that moves from traditional media literacy (teaching critical media skills at school) to informal learning and participatory cultures, the research behind the present article aims to understand how new generations are doing things with media and how they learn to do the things they do. The outputs of this international research that involved 8 countries were organised into three sections: 1) transmedia skills, 2) informal learning strategies and 3) emergent issues regarding teens, new media and collaborative cultures. Finally, the article deals with the future perspectives of transmedia literacy as a research and action programme.

3D display interfaces in e-commerce web applications: An exploratory study

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:40:00 +0200

The objective of the present research is to observe to what extent the stereoscopic effect presents a solution for enhancement of user interactions in the Web context. This paper describes an experiment conducted to detect differences in perception between 2D and 3D graphical user interfaces of an e-Commerce web application. The results of the conducted user study among 39 participants indicate significantly higher performance of the 2D interface in terms of efficiency, satisfaction, and, consequently, overall usability. Therefore, for the studied sample, the stereoscopic effect had mostly negative impact on user interactions.

Computational journalism: Evolution, cases and tools

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:39:21 +0200

Computational journalism has burst into the intense panorama of journalistic innovations, due to its great impact potential on newsrooms. Given the recent implantation of this specialty, still in the experimental phase in the newsrooms that have incorporated it, in this work we present an exploratory result on computational journalism, at the same time that we relate it with well-established variations of journalism, such as data journalism. The work has been carried out from the review of the main reports on this matter, as well as from a series of case studies. The results can help both to focus new research in this field, and to complete the panorama of innovation for professionals and researchers in the sector who need to have a global vision of the impact that computer journalism can have.

Automated-content generation using news-writing bots and algorithms: Perceptions and attitudes amongst Spain’s journalists

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:38:47 +0200

Algorithms, bots and automation for news articles generation. The combination of these concepts, elements and processes is affecting journalism as a profession, which is going through a particularly tumultuous period as artificial intelligence (AI) begins to occupy a field traditionally dominated by the human factor. This research provides a world map featuring media, agencies and companies that use automation to generate information. Moreover, we looked into the perception of this phenomenon in Spain through a survey with chartered professional associations, associations of journalists and unions where 366 journalists provided a picture of the current situation within the country. Our findings prove that there is a deep lack of understanding amongst Spanish journalists about how AI can have a direct impact on journalism as a profession. Automated journalism will not stop gaining ground, as evidenced by 50 projects featured on our media world map.

Crossmedia audiences: New metrics and professional profiles in the Spanish media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:38:09 +0200

The relation between infomediary sector and audience measurement is tight: six out of ten entities cited by Spanish companies as data & information source providers are closely related to this area of audience measurement. The media convergence leads to loss of value of some former studies. Alternative sources are used, whereas the consensus is being improved around the long-awaited measurement model of crossmedia. This article analyses the main audience measurement tools used by those Spanish media with more online readers, as well as checking out the existence of new professional profiles. The research employs a quantitative methodology based on surveys of eleven audience editors and digital analysts. Findings show that media are interested in monitoring the behavior of their users, although divergences are observed in the tools used, in the organizational structures and in the labels with which they name these new roles.

Use of social media for health education and corporate communication of hospitals

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:37:38 +0200

The main objective of this work is to obtain an in-depth understanding of digital communication strategies employed by hospitals by comparing and contrasting the digital communication of two hospitals of reference in Spain. The main method is content analysis of Facebook and Twitter along with in-depth interviews of hospital communication directors. Results show different communication strategies that depend on organizational goals. The public participated in digital communication within three themes: 1) general, sensitive, and topical health issues; 2) personal and professional projects, as well as initiatives for struggle or sensitization; 3) corporate novelties that encourage public involvement. The use of currently existing platforms of social media from which to manage the online communication should be a priority for hospitals. Multimedia content can help to disclose health information. Online communication strategies are adapted to overall communication strategy and differences in cultural profiles lead to differences in priorities.

Algorithmic communication and political parties: Automation of production and flow of messages

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:36:54 +0200

Algorithms in the strategies of political parties are becoming increasingly significant, particularly with the use of big data and the inclusion of the automation in the production and circulation of online content obtained from personal data. This paper studies the scope of algorithmic political communication, its strengths, weaknesses and implications in democracy in order to measure the real scenario of robotized information in parties. A qualitative analysis is designed based on in-depth interviews with political advisors and consultants. The results highlight the widespread implementation of algorithmic political communication in the main Spanish parties, although their level of development is irregular. It’s detected that automated information systems are being used primarily in the pre-production and circulation phase of the message and are beginning to be implemented in the production phases. Robots advance in their path as infomediaries between politicians and citizens.

Infomediation and post-truth: The role of libraries

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:36:24 +0200

Analysis of post-truth and, especially, of the underlying phenomenon of fake news in terms of evaluation and ability to identify reliable sources, and the role of libraries as infomediaries. The main international initiatives proposed by organizations such as IFLA and ALA are discussed. According to the bibliography reviewed, two main kinds of action are proposed: inclusion in informational literacy programs, mainly extending media literacy so that they are oriented from a more civic perspective; and content curation, making thematic guides that are a point of information about the phenomenon and its tools to verify facts. Libraries should act also as a gateway to disseminate information of the library’s collection.

Fact checking: un nuevo desafío del periodismo

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:35:33 +0200

The present article analyses similarity and differences between academic and professional speech about “fact checking”, understanding it from a double perspective, both, like a competence that current journalists have to acquire, and a work field that offers new opportunities. The research is based on a bibliographical review about the fact checkers’ profiles. It also collects the opinion of seven university professors by means of a structured interview and has access to the student’s point of view through a close-response test and a categorical test (n=316). It also analyses the content of the data verification departments that exists in Spain with the aim of knowing which the most demanded competences are. The results reflect that the discussion is still open and at the same time it shows a coincidence between both speeches about the necessity of a journalist’ solid training that integrates new profiles.

Online radio in Spain: Typology and characterization in the context of cybermedia

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:34:56 +0200

Pioneer in taking the first steps in the digital environment, the radio has broken into the network reinforcing its sound identity. The objective of this research is to identify and characterize the online radio in Spain. To this end, a database of online media has been created in which the number of online stations, platforms, territorial scope, ownership, content, use of social networks, funding channels and the languages used are identified. The study shows that online radio in Spain is reinforced, and this happens mostly in the local area and with generalist content, while the financing model remains a pending task.

Why do we publish? Prevalence, motivations, and consequences of publish or perish

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:34:27 +0200

The prevalence of the pressure to publish and its effects on the professional career of researchers in Communication sciences in Spain is explored. The data collected through an online survey of 290 scholars from public and private universities shows how the pressure to publish in scientific journals affects almost all respondents. Also, the main causes of this pressure come from the evaluation systems and the researchers themselves. The fundamental motivations for publishing are to increase the professional reputation and leave a mark in the field of expertise, while the most prominent effects of the pressure to publish are stress, emotional fatigue, and frustration over publication failures. Regarding the perceived conflict between teaching and research, the study warns of a scenario in which research excellence may be at the expense of, or be disconnected from, teaching excellence. The prevalence and effects of each of these dimensions is explored according to the age, gender, academic range, researches’ years of professional experience, and the nature (public or private) of the university.

Communication of innovation through online media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:34:03 +0200