Scipedia: Documents published in 2017

Connection in the design and advertising between the free press and the digital press: empirical analysis

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:13:58 +0200

This paper presents the results of two correlative empiric studies in which the author analyzes the role that advertising had in creating new forms of press in the late 20th century -free printed press and online press- and how these related to elements of journalistic design. The first study confirmed the central role that advertising has had in the creation of the free printed press and online press. The second study showed that both types of press have used journalistic elements in a similar way, by integrating the advertising component in page design. This research shows up the change it is happening in the press in relation to unpaid contents, with a clear bet to advertising content as opposed to news and its implications to the advertising sector.

Television design through neuroscience

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:13:50 +0200

Cognitive neuroscience has provided a better understanding of the impact of media stimuli on cognitive and emotional processing. This article offers an exploratory bibliographic review on the contribution of neuroscience in the design of audiovisual content (N=57). This review was carried out in three stages: a) review of unstructured information; b) analysis, organization, and synthesis of content; c) conclusions. Likewise, interviews with experts in the television field, neuromarketing consultants, and neuroscientists (N=10), support the conclusions from the bibliographic review. Subsequently, the paper provides a set of scientifically endorsed guidelines for the efficient design of TV content for entertainment, education, and information, based on storytelling, edition, and the creation of new platforms. The bibliographic research reveals that emotion and attention are the key indicators of effectiveness for the design of television products.

Digital information design: Web content heuristics review and classification

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:13:42 +0200

Since the emergence of the Internet there has been continuous evolution in interface design, with designers trying to offer a good experience to users. Website developers regularly turn to heuristic indicators that have been collected throughout years of research and praxis. Nevertheless, these indicators are diverse and it is complicated locating which ones are applicable in every case. The objective of this work is to identify and analyze the most scientifically and geographically relevant heuristic indicators through a mapping review, in order to classify them according to formal and content components. The results are two taxonomies which make it easier to identify the location, and analyze and apply the guidelines.

Data visualization: An image can be worth more than a thousand numbers, but not always more than a thousand words

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:13:34 +0200

In the last two decades, data visualization has become a fundamental tool for the exploration and communication of complex messages in disciplines such as statistics, business intelligence, science, journalism, etc. This article exposes the advantages of visualization and also some of its main problems.

Information design and social progress: Prospective, perspective, and challenges

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 13:13:25 +0200

Information design is defined in two areas: journalistic information and domestic information. In this study the background and perspective of Information design are analyzed –paying special attention to those aspects that can improve society. Also, from the viewpoint of journalistic design, we focus on greater integration of visual language in news stories as a tool to add value to professional journalistic information. This commitment is framed by the need for professional and independent journalism to be valued by society as a fundamental actor in contemporary democracies.In domestic information design, we highlight the need to redesign, with criteria for clarity, responsibility, and transparency in documents such as contracts, invoices, and product labeling, giving priority to clear communication above commercial interests.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:38:47 +0200

Semi-automatic generation of a corpus of Wikipedia articles on science and technology

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:38:36 +0200

A pesar de la gran cantidad de contenido científico y tecnológico disponible en la World Wide Web, su mayoría se encuentra encerrado tras sistemas de pago, como las revistas académicas, o es casi invisible, como los repositorios institucionales. Wikipedia puede actuar como un agente de transferencia, proporcionando una estructura organizada y accesible conteniendo tanto contenidos como enlaces a las fuentes originales. En Wikipedia las categorías se han cread colaborativamente y por lo tanto son más una folksonomía que una verdadera taxonomía. Consecuentemente, las categorías no son una herramienta válida para identificar la organización de los contenidos. En este artículo se describe un método semi-automático, basado en paseos aleatorios, para determinar un subconjunto de páginas con contenido científico y tecnológico de la Wikipedia española. Usando la taxonomía Unesco, se determina la estructura subyacente del grafo del corpus y se detectan grupos de páginas fuertemente enlazadas, estableciendo las relaciones entre las áreas de conocimiento. Finalmente, se presenta la distribución de artículos de Wikipedia de acuerdo con la taxonomía Unesco y el mapa resultante de contenido científico y tecnológico.AbstractDespite the huge amount of scientific and technological content available on the World Wide Web, most of it is closed behind paywalls, as with academic journals, or almost invisible, as with institutional repositories. Wikipedia can act as a chain-transfer agent, providing people with an accessible, organized structure containing both understandable content and links to original sources. In, categories are collaboratively created and thus become a folksonomy rather than a true taxonomy. Consequently, categories are not a reliable tool to identify topics’ organization. In this paper we describe a semi-automatic method, based on random walks, for determining a subset of pages containing scientific and technological content in the Spanish Wikipedia. Using the Unesco taxonomy, we determined the underlying graph structure of our corpus and detected clusters of pages strongly linked, establishing relationships between knowledge domains. Finally, we present the distribution of Wikipedia articles according to the Unesco taxonomy and the resulting map of scientific and technological content.

Organization of the information and obligated subjects in the Portal of the Transparency of Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:38:26 +0200

In this article we analyze the organization of information in Spain’s Portal of the Transparency, which includes information that is required by law. We analyze both the organization of information and people who appear in the Portal. The analysis is then compared with the Law of transparency, access to public information, and good governance. The results show a high percentage of subjects that are not reporting the information as required by law. Contrarily, some sections, like economics, include an excess of information that makes their access complex.

Supervised sentiment analysis of political messages in Spanish: Real-time classification of tweets based on machine learning

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:38:18 +0200

This article describes and evaluates the application of the supervised sentiment analysis in political communication through a real-time classifier of political opinions in Spanish tweets using machine learning techniques, both on a local computer and using distributed computing for big data problems. We describe the associated emerging methods and techniques and analyze the opportunities that these innovations represent for political communication.

Collaboration networks in big science: The ATLAS experiment at CERN

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:38:08 +0200

Actualmente los grandes experimentos científicos necesitan una gran organización en la que participan cientos de investigadores de varias instituciones. Un aspecto interesante, aunque poco estudiado, de este nuevo tipo de iniciativas científicas es la forma que toma la colaboración interna entre los miembros de las instituciones participantes. En este trabajo se investiga este tema en uno de los ejemplos más conocidos de big science: el experimento ATLAS del CERN. Mediante la aplicación de varias técnicas de análisis de redes a información proveniente de bases de datos internas del CERN, se identifican varios patrones de colaboración dentro del experimento. Se comprueba, por una parte, el alto nivel de colaboración entre las instituciones representadas en ATLAS, superior al observado usualmente en el campo de la física, y se identifican los actores principales en la red de colaboración. Por otra parte, se observa que la red de colaboración no sigue un patrón “libre de escala” o de “ley de potencia”, al contrario de lo que ocurre en otras redes de colaboración estudiadas en física y en otros campos. Finalmente, se advierte que la distancia geográfica entre dos instituciones no parece tener ningún efecto en la probabilidad de establecer relaciones de colaboración, contrastando también con lo que ocurre en otros tipos de redes de colaboración.AbstractNowadays big scientific experiments require large organizations and hundreds of researchers who participate from several institutions. An interesting, yet rarely studied aspect of this new kind of scientific enterprise is the internal collaboration between the members of the participating institutions. Here we assess this matter in one of the most well-known examples of big science: the ATLAS experiment at CERN. Applying different network analysis techniques to data from internal CERN databases, we have identified several collaboration patterns in the experiment. We observe, on the one hand, the high level of collaboration between the institutions represented in, higher than the average in the field of physics, and we identify the key institutions in the collaboration network. On the other hand, we notice that the collaboration network does not follow a scale-free or power-law model, contrary to what happens in other studied collaboration networks in physics and other areas. Finally, we observe that geographic distance between two institutions does not seem to affect the probability of establishing collaboration relationships, in contrast also to what happens in other kinds of collaboration networks.

Library and information science journals in Spain: Thematic and methodological analysis

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:57 +0200

A study about research in Library and Information Science in Spain is presented. Articles published between 2012 and 2014 have been analyzed in the journals Anales de Documentación, BiD: textos universitaris de biblioteconomia i documentació, Cybermetrics, El profesional de la información (EPI), Revista española de documentación científica (REDC), Revista general de información y documentación (RGID), and Scire. The main subjects studied are: percentage of original research, research topics, quantitative or quantitative methodological approach, research methods, and research techniques. Results are shown globally and from each journal.

Political leaders on YouTube: Information and politainment in the general elections 2016 in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:49 +0200

This research addresses the study of YouTube in the electoral campaign of the General Election on June 26th, 2016 (26J) in Spain. Through a methodology of descriptive analysis of contrasted content, a sample of 80 videos of the political leaders were examined: Mariano Rajoy, Pedro Sánchez, Pablo Iglesias and Albert Rivera. The objectives of the research were to identify if there was a difference in media consumption between the electoral campaign period and the permanent campaign. Therefore, it could be established whether the response of the prosumers was unequal in terms of participation and to investigate in categories such as thematic of videos and authorship. The results reveal that the videos which contain politainment in the permanent campaign category are the most consumed, while the most viewed videos in the electoral campaign are on informative questions. The prosumers are passive: they neither produce nor participate actively.

Persuasion through Facebook of the four main candidates in the general election of 2016 in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:38 +0200

Persuasion is a communicative process in which the agent obtains the adhesion of the receiver and influences him/her; this process is particularly relevant in political communication during electoral periods. The persuasive techniques used on Facebook by the candidates of the main political parties (PP, PSOE, Podemos and, Ciudadanos) during the campaign for the general elections of June 2016 in Spain were analyzed. The research reveals that, of all the persuasive techniques envisaged by Roiz (1994), the most employed ones, by candidates to the presidency of the Government in Spain, were topic repetition, support in the preexisting attitudes, the adequacy of the subjects to specific publics, and exploitation of the psychic contagion.

Image and political communication on Instagram. Celebrification of the candidates to the presidency of the Government

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:30 +0200

This proposal emerges from Sartori’s postulate about the primacy of the image. On the basis of this initial idea, the transcendence of the visual image is acknowledged in the perception of the political scene. The objective is to apply this idea to the social network Instagram. We study the conjunction between visual and verbal framing in the content published by five candidates for the presidency of the Government of Spain; data retrieval began with the call for elections in 2015 and continued until the final inauguration session in October 2016. Our study aims to verify a hypothesis centered on the fact that leaders share videos and photographs to humanize their figure. Furthermore, the content analysis of 885 images reveals a growing process of celebrification of politicians active in Instagram, allowing for the discovery of dichotomies that operate in such a process.

The use of Instagram as a political communication channel by Spanish deputies: The humanization strategy in the “old” and the “new” politics

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:12 +0200

This work analyzes the use of the social network Instagram by Spanish deputies in the present legislature (initiated in 2016), and pays special attention to the management of the posts and the possible strategies of humanization developed in that eminently visual media. A content analysis was carried out, complemented by a qualitative analysis; this allowed to address several aspects, such as the degree of use by the deputies, the representation of space, the degrees of intimacy, and the style of communication. It was found that the use of Instagram played with the illusion of closeness and access to private and intimate aspects of the deputies’ lives, and above all, Instagram showed them as common people. Deputies’ usage revealed a conventional aspect of Instagram —the social network holds great possibilities for political communication

Feminist sub-activism and digital collective repertoires: Cyberfeminist practices on Twitter

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:37:02 +0200

The Network is an emerging space for political and feminist activism. Sub-activist practices, less institutionalized and more connected with subjective experiences, find in digital technology new ways of connecting latent politics and civic political participation with conventional activism. We try to define profiles and practices of use from 12 in-depth interviews with activists who have a long history in the feminist movement and who use social networks intensively, in particular Twitter, for their policy initiatives. As a conclusion this article shows how digital collective repertoires of action establish a continuum between real life and online militancy as well as amplify, empower, and democratize feminist popularization. In turn, social networks are configured as inbred spaces and not fully conquered by feminist groups, so it is necessary to create novel scenarios of their own and to promote proposals and discourses with transformative political capacity.

The struggle for the story in political disputes. The case of the 9N participation process

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:36:54 +0200

Social networks provide new mechanisms for participating in politics and it has been argued that they favor debate, citizen empowerment, and propel democratic changes. This is crucial at a time when forms of political organization, such as parties or unions, have lost their effectiveness. Beyond the debate about the capacity of social networks to incite change and its influence on the outcome of electoral contests, these platforms have become fundamental in the mediatization of politics by turning users into key players in setting the agenda and building the story around politics. This article analyzes a collection of 2,385,396 tweets from the participatory process in Catalonia on November 9, 2014.

The struggle for the story in political disputes. The case of the 9N participation process

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:36:45 +0200

Las redes sociales proporcionan nuevos mecanismos para participar en la política y se ha argumentado que favorecen el debate, el empoderamiento ciudadano y la profundización democrática. Este hecho resulta crucial en un momento en el que formas de organización política como partidos o sindicatos pierden efectividad. Más allá del debate sobre la capacidad de las redes sociales para provocar el cambio y su influencia en el desenlace de contiendas electorales, estas plataformas son fundamentales en la mediatización de la política y convierten a los usuarios en actores clave a la hora de marcar la agenda pública y construir el relato de los acontecimientos políticos. Este artículo toma como caso de estudio la conversación en Twitter alrededor del proceso participativo del 9 de noviembre de 2014 en Cataluña y basa su análisis en una colección de 2,385,396 tweets. AbstractSocial networks provide new mechanisms for participating in politics and it has been argued that they favor debate, citizen empowerment, and propel democratic changes. This is crucial at a time when forms of political organization, such as parties or unions, have lost their effectiveness. Beyond the debate about the capacity of social networks to incite change and its influence on the outcome of electoral contests, these platforms have become fundamental in the mediatization of politics by turning users into key players in setting the agenda and building the story around politics. This article analyzes a collection of 2,385,396 tweets from the participatory process in Catalonia on November 9, 2014.

Barcelona en Comú on Twitter. Analyzing the electoral communication of the confluence during the 2015 council election

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:36:36 +0200

En los últimos años se ha producido un aumento del interés en las redes digitales como medio de comunicación política. Sin embargo su uso se encuentra determinado, entre otros factores, por la naturaleza y estrategias de cada partido político. Esta investigación analiza el uso que los partidos de la confluencia Barcelona en Comú llevaron a cabo durante la campaña de las municipales de 2015, del 8 al 22 de mayo, en la red digital Twitter. El método empleado ha sido el análisis de redes sociales de todos los tweets difundidos por los seis partidos políticos que forman la confluencia. Se profundiza en la relación comunicativa entre estos partidos, así como en la relación entre los partidos y los usuarios en la red digital analizando la bidireccionalidad del proceso comunicativo. El partido que generó más información electoral en Twitter durante la campaña fue Barcelona en Comú. AbstractIn recent years there has been a great deal of interest in digital networks as political communication tools. However, the use of social media depends on, among other things, the character of each political organization. The main objective of this research is to analyze Barcelona en Comú’s digital communication on Twitter during the municipal election campaign from May 8 to May 22, 2015 in Barcelona. The methodology is based on a social network analysis (SNA) of all the tweets disseminated by the six political parties that formed the confluence. The investigation deepens our understanding of the communicative relationship between the six parties, and between the parties and the users, with the aim of analyzing the bi-directionality of the communicative process. We conclude that the party that generated the most electoral information on Twitter during the electoral campaign was Barcelona en Comú.

Invisible ties of political communication. Communities of political parties on Twitter in local government elections

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:36:27 +0200

The strong penetration of information and communication technologies have redefined the interaction of human beings. Internet as a medium and social networks as disruptive elements in communication have forced all subjects and political structures to adapt to a digital environment with new rules for interaction and collective participation. This paper analyzes the structure of relationships among political parties in a local government election. Based on graph theory , relationships between players in political communication in the twitter esphere are analyzed. Using the social graph of each political party we found an asymmetric communication that reveals different ways of persuading the electorate.

The 2016 Republican primary campaign on Twitter: Issues and ideological positioning for the profiles of Ben Carson, Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio, and Donald Trump

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:36:15 +0200

The 2016 Republican primaries, marked by Trump’s controversial remarks and the dialectical confrontations between contenders, were mirrored on Twitter. This social network became the arena in which the candidates were able to express their views on different aspects and share with their potential voters both their concerns and the issues that would be the core of their electoral program if they were elected as the republican nominee. This paper analyzes the tweets published by the four best positioned candidates in the Iowa polls (Ben Carson, Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio and Donald Trump), whose Caucus marks the beginning of the presidential primaries and whose results usually indicate how the presidential race is going to evolve, in the months prior to the beginning of the process and examines the main elements on which their respective campaigns were based and the ideological lines traced by each one on key issues for the Republican electorate, among other issues. The results introduce some of the electoral promises with which the winner of the primaries convinced the US voters to reach the Presidency.

The 2016 Republican primary campaign on Twitter: Issues and ideological positioning for the profiles of Ben Carson, Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio, and Donald Trump

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:35:05 +0200

Las primarias republicanas de 2016, marcadas por las intervenciones de Trump y las confrontaciones dialécticas entre los contendientes, quedaron reflejadas en Twitter. La red social se convirtió en el espacio donde los candidatos pudieron expresar sus puntos de vista y compartir con sus potenciales votantes tanto sus preocupaciones como las cuestiones sobre las que pivotaría su programa electoral si resultaban elegidos. Este trabajo analiza los tweets publicados por los cuatro candidatos mejor posicionados en las encuestas de Iowa (Ben Carson, Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio y Donald Trump), cuyo caucus marca el comienzo de las primarias y suele funcionar como medidor fiable de lo que va a ser la carrera presidencial, en los meses previos al inicio del proceso y examina los puntos sobre los que sustentaron sus campañas y las líneas que trazaron sobre temas clave para el electorado republicano, entre otras cuestiones. Los resultados introducen algunas de las principales promesas con las que el ganador de las primarias convenció a los votantes estadounidenses para alcanzar la Presidencia. AbstractThe 2016 Republican primaries, marked by Trump’s controversial remarks and the dialectical confrontations between contenders, were mirrored on Twitter. This social network became the arena in which the candidates were able to express their views on different aspects and share with their potential voters both their concerns and the issues that would be the core of their electoral program if they were elected as the republican nominee. This paper analyzes the tweets published by the four best positioned candidates in the Iowa polls (Ben Carson, Ted Cruz, Marco Rubio and Donald Trump), whose Caucus marks the beginning of the presidential primaries and whose results usually indicate how the presidential race is going to evolve, in the months prior to the beginning of the process and examines the main elements on which their respective campaigns were based and the ideological lines traced by each one on key issues for the Republican electorate, among other issues. The results introduce some of the electoral promises with which the winner of the primaries convinced the US voters to reach the Presidency.

Political fandom on Twitter: La Cueva and the Alberto Garzón supporters in the Spanish general elections of 2015 and 2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:34:29 +0200

The communication strategy developed on Twitter by the communication team La Cueva, of the political party Izquierda Unida, during the general elections of 2015 and 2016, achieved notoriety because of the language used and the followers and sympathizer’s participation. This article analyzes the tweets generated by the accounts of the party and the candidate Alberto Garzón during the two electoral campaigns, by combining frequency analysis, as a quantitative technique, and digital ethnography, as a qualitative technique. A confluence of factors, such as the visualization of the candidate’s private life and the admiration professed by the “garzoners” (Garzón’s supporters), both promoted by La Cueva, allows us to consider Alberto Garzón as an example of politician celebrity.

Uses and tendencies of Twitter in the campaign to the Spanish general elections of 2015 20D: hashtags that were trending topic

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:27:55 +0200

This research analyzes the use of Twitter by the four main Spanish political parties in the electoral campaign of December 2015. It delves into the tendencies of the tweets, published from the official accounts of the parties and the candidates, and those hashtags or tags that became national trending topics. It discovers that they emphasize the stylistic role of the candidate and use quinine humor, with the aim of humanizing the candidate and bringing him closer to the audience. According to the conclusions, getting the most virality does not ensure electoral victory, but the trends of the studied period yield interesting recommendations for political communication.

The campaign in 140 characters. Use of Twitter by Spain’s main political parties’ candidates before the 2016 general elections in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:27:45 +0200

The main aspects of Twitter use by the Spanish main political parties (PP, PSOE, Ciudadanos and Podemos) during the electoral campaign, prior to the June 2016 elections, are determined. After doing a content analysis on all the tweets generated by the candidates (n = 2,207), we conclude that the majority of patterns detected in the use of Twitter by other countries’ politicians do not apply to the Spanish case: in Spain the opposition’s candidates are as much active as the president of the Government, and the candidates of the emerging formations are as much prolific as those from traditional parties, among other conclusions. Regarding previous elections, the results also show a change of strategy in the use of social networks by the new parties.

Structure of the political tweets during the electoral campaigns of 2015 and 2016 in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:27:26 +0200

Twitter has become one of the main media for spreading political messages. The structure of these messages, or tweets, is compounded by four elements –text, hashtags, mentions, and links- that can be used, organized, and repeated with the only limitation of 140 characters at most. The objective of this work is to analyze how users of political conversations gave structure to their tweets, and what the impact this structure has in the spread or retweet of these messages. We analyze two samples of more than half a million tweets each, related to the Spanish general elections in 2015 and 2016. The result show significant differences in the order and amount of elements in the tweets used by politicians, media, journalists, and citizens. In particular, politicians tend to make a greater use of hashtags, and media use more links. The spread of tweets depends upon the presence of these links, the number of followers, and the number of hashtags. This work contributes with knowledge of the strategies applied by politicians, media, and journalists in the elaboration of electoral campaign tweets.

What do politicians do on Twitter? Functions and communication strategies in the Spanish electoral campaign of 2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:27:01 +0200

Twitter has been incorporated as an essential tool in the communication strategies of political actors. However, we need to know more about its use. Our objective is to analyze the main functions attributed to Twitter in electoral campaigns. We studied the 2016 election in Spain based on an analysis of quantitative content. The sample consists of 9,042 tweets, published by the four parties that received the most votes and their candidates. The results show: First, the most widely use function was the dissemination of political proposals. Second, a low level of personalization was detected. Third, there was an incipient tendency towards hybridization between new and conventional digital media in the use of this platform. Finally, it was shown that the functions given to Twitter are conditioned, in different ways, by three factors: the historical trajectory of the party, its position on the government-opposition line, and the individual or collective dimension.

What do politicians do on Twitter? Functions and communication strategies in the Spanish electoral campaign of 2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:52 +0200

Twitter se ha incorporado como un canal imprescindible en las estrategias comunicativas de los actores políticos. Sin embargo, necesitamos saber más sobre su uso. Nuestro objetivo es analizar las principales funciones atribuidas a Twitter en campaña electoral. Para ello, mediante el análisis de contenido cuantitativo se estudian las elecciones de 2016 en España. Integran la muestra 9.042 tweets, publicados por los cuatro partidos más votados y sus candidatos. Los resultados muestran: Primero, la función más usada es la difusión de sus propuestas políticas. Segundo, se detecta un bajo nivel de personalización. Tercero, se observa una tendencia incipiente hacia la hibridación entre los nuevos medios digitales y los convencionales en el empleo de esta plataforma. Finalmente, se demuestra que las funciones otorgadas a Twitter se ven condicionadas por tres factores de manera diversa: la trayectoria histórica del partido, su posición en el eje gobierno-oposición y la dimensión individual o colectiva.AbstractTwitter has been incorporated as an essential tool in the communication strategies of political actors. However, we need to know more about its use. Our objective is to analyze the main functions attributed to Twitter in electoral campaigns. We studied the 2016 election in Spain based on an analysis of quantitative content. The sample consists of 9,042 tweets, published by the four parties that received the most votes and their candidates. The results show: First, the most widely use function was the dissemination of political proposals. Second, a low level of personalization was detected. Third, there was an incipient tendency towards hybridization between new and conventional digital media in the use of this platform. Finally, it was shown that the functions given to Twitter are conditioned, in different ways, by three factors: the historical trajectory of the party, its position on the government-opposition line, and the individual or collective dimension.

Twitter and political communication

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:43 +0200

This article presents an overview of research about of Twitter in the field of political communication and also analyzes the main theoretical trends. It explores the development of the scientific research into Twitter, initiated after its appearance in 2006, and considers three main areas: first, the use of Twitter by political users (politicians, parties, media, and citizens); second, political debate on Twitter and its effects; and third, the innovations of strategy and use during electoral campaigns. Finally, some final considerations in this article highlight spaces to deepen the academic development of Twitter in relation to political communication.

Political communication and think tanks in Spain. Strategies with the media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:34 +0200

Think tanks have become increasingly important as political players in Spain having grown in both quantity and quality, and with greater social, political and communicative presence. This research analyses the presence of think tanks in Spanish main newspapers. Six principal general information newspapers and two economic information newspapers from 2012 to 2016 were analysed, using the content analysis method. Variables analysed include name and type of think tank, type of content (information or opinion) and communication technique used to give them journalistic presence. The results show that El país is the newspaper that provides more information about think tanks, and FAES is the think tank with the greatest presence in newspapers.

A sample design proposal for the analysis of Twitter in political communication

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:23 +0200

Based on an analysis of several sampled political discussions on Twitter, a new methodology is proposed that allows researchers to obtain a significant, replicable, and manageable data sample from a universe of Twitter metadata. The proposal is a new model called Top discussion indicator (TDI). The aim of TDI is to assist researchers in obtaining a representative set of text from Twitter that includes the minimum amount of information needed to generalize the results.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:15 +0200

Congresos

Ethics and social responsibility in archival institutions: Elements to consider

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:26:05 +0200

This article proposes ethical and social responsibilities for archival institutions to supplement the ethical codes for records management that focus on individual ethical behavior. The methodology is based on case studies, from the author’s long career as professional archivist in administrative and historical archives. The original contributions of this study are ethical and social responsibility proposals from the perspective of archival institutions, not the staff, which could help these institutions extend their ethical code and formulate new strategies to benefit the community.

Calisto, a software for the construction of political discourse

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:25:53 +0200

This paper addresses an aspect not yet investigated in Spanish political communication: the use of data mining systems and machine learning in the construction of political discourse. This text details the potential of Calisto software, which was designed and implemented by the Popular Party (PP), previously used in Castile and Leon and then at the national level. This software acts as a digital political advisor and is currently used by 7,500 positions and party members. The program tracks information on the internet to identify the most relevant sources. In addition, its natural language processing generates ideas and arguments that politicians use to construct their speech. This article explores the benefits of this tool and its ability to automate processes that previously consumed large doses of effort by managers and consultants, and also reflects on the highly controlled model that this type of system imposes in the public arena.

Online communication rooms in banking institutions operating in Spain: Between the informative branded content and the press releases repository

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:25:41 +0200

Banking entities are confronting an important challenge: recovering citizens’ confidence within a context in which their image has been severely damaged and linked to deception and abusive practices and a lack of transparency. Online communication room means a bank trademark in the Web to different types of publics, of particular importance given the increasing impact of digitisation in their activity and business model. The present work deepens in the characteristics of online rooms and detects two models of predominant content, leading to two philosophies: one of informative branded content and other of press releases repository.

Communication management in Spain public universities

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:25:22 +0200

This paper analyzes communication management in Spanish public universities by interviewing communication directors of these institutions. Results show that, in addition to the shortcomings identified in the management of communications in public universities, which undermines the achievement of the exact marketing objective, the diffusional model is dominant, playing a negative influencing role. The diffusional model obscures other alternative models that would show more democratic institutions.

Spanish researchers’ opinions, attitudes and practices towards open access publishing

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:25:12 +0200

The open access (OA) movement has exploded in the last few years. In 2016 we invited 1,896 researchers based in Spanish institutions to fill in a survey on their opinion, attitudes and practices towards OA. We analysed the 554 responses received from researchers in all fields of knowledge (29% response ratio). Most researchers are aware of OA outlets in their fields (86%) and believe OA is beneficial (76%). There isn’t a clear position on the quality of OA journals among Spain-based researchers and there are differences between disciplines. Almost 70% of researchers have published at least one OA article in the last 5 years. Half of them had to pay article processing charges (APCs) that were covered with research funds.

The model for public television and the young audience’s expectations. Differences between Great Britain and Spain in the perception of qualities and obligations

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:25:04 +0200

Public service media (PSM) are in crisis throughout Europe. As a scenario for research, the two extremes of the background have been chosen: the first, BBC, is at the heart of media system, has become a model for the others and has just finished the particularly delicate challenge of renewal the fundamental law that is to rule over the next ten years; the second is on the periphery of public television, and in the extreme circumstances in Spain that have driven some of the television corporations to extinction, such as Canal 9 -Radiotelevisió Valenciana (RTVV). Using a method based on the use of semi-structured interviews and Delphi, the conception of these media models among their respective audiences is explored.

Political communication and think tanks in Spain. Strategies with the media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:24:53 +0200

The political discourse around the law on foreigners in the Spanish press

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:24:23 +0200

Immigration and its regulation are key issues in society and, as such, are subject to political discourses that show the arguments of the different social actors, especially political parties. Press is one of the main mechanisms used by these social actors to show such discourses. Hence, this paper analyzes how six Spanish newspapers presented the political discourses on the Foreigners law, as the main legal-political instrument to manage immigration, from 2003 to 2016, as well as the position of the political parties that were the main sources of discourse. To achieve this, we worked with the Zapata-Barrero model, which categorizes political discourses on immigration into two types: pro-active discourses and re-active discourses, which shows their preference for managing multiculturalism as a challenge or a problem, respectively.

Women in contemporary political series: A shared geography of their presence in the public sphere?

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:24:13 +0200

There are currently a large number of television series which focus on politics in the Western world. Most of these shows present a fictionalized account of politics in the local region or country. Using the Hallin and Mancini model (2004, 2012) as a starting point, this paper discusses the validity of a thematic geographic map for political shows, and correlates the map with the way female characters are represented. A thematic analysis of six series allows the researchers to observe whether or not internationally-produced series on political themes try to give greater importance to female characters in an attempt to overcome gender stereotyping. The results of this observation point to the continued existence of female characters appearing more in the private sphere than the public one. There are, however, differences between the television series that can be connected to the geographic location where they were produced.

Political memes spread by Twitter users. Analysis of the 26J 2016 election day

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:57 +0200

The popularity of memes in politics is analyzed; memes are a way in which users express their feelings, usually with humor and satire. The aim of this study is to examine the use of memes that were posted on Twitter on Spain’s election day, 26J 2016. The methodology used in this study is a combination of case, content, and discourse analysis of 91 memes using a 30-item form created for this study. It is interesting to note that regardless of the political leader’s reputation, memes were used equally for all candidates, and the most creative activity coincided with the most outstanding events of 26J.

Further steps in integrating the platforms of WoS and Scopus: Historiography with HistCite™ and main-path analysis

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:46 +0200

The program HistCite™ enables an analyst to identify significant works on a given topic using the citation links between them diachronically. However, using Scopus data for drawing historiograms with HistCite™ has hitherto been a problem. In the new version of the program CRExplorer, one can translate citation data from Scopus to WoS formats (or vice versa) and then import the data into HistCite™. In this brief communication, we demonstrate these options using the papers of Eugene Garfield (1925-2017) in Scopus for main-path analysis. The two historiograms are considerably different: unlike the WoS set, the networked connections between the time lines are sparse in the representation of the Scopus data; the secondary documents (e.g., editorials in Current Contents) not processed in Scopus, but included in WoS enrich the representation. Furthermore, HistCite™ has an option to export the citation network as a Pajek file that can be read by most network analysis and visualization programs. Garfield’s texts are centered by him as a personality and entrepreneur in different domains more than intellectually, although there are a number of recurring themes. Our own main paths are shaped along a line along which components indicate longer-term projects.

Monitoring Twitter strategies to discover resonating topics: The case of the UNDP

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:37 +0200

Many organizations use social media to attract supporters, disseminate information and advocate change. Services like Twitter can theoretically deliver messages to a huge audience that would be difficult to reach by other means. This article introduces a method to monitor an organization’s Twitter strategy and applies it to tweets from United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) accounts. The Resonating Topic Method uses automatic analyses with free software to detect successful themes within the organization’s tweets, categorizes the most successful tweets, and analyses a comparable organization to identify new successful strategies. In the case of UNDP tweets from November 2014 to March 2015, the results confirm the importance of official social media accounts as well as those of high profile individuals and general supporters. Official accounts seem to be more successful at encouraging action, which is a critical aspect of social media campaigning. An analysis of Oxfam found a successful social media approach that the UNDP had not adopted, showing the value of analyzing other organizations to find potential strategy gaps.

Consumption of political information on mobile devices in Spain: Characterization of the typical user and their interaction with news

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:24 +0200

Mobile devices (phones and tablets) have become the main means of access to the internet in Spain. This has caused a change in the way the public is informed and interacts with information content. This research examines how this change impacts internet users’ habits in relation to the consumption of political information. The aims of this study are to determine how users consume political news on mobile devices and to better understand their information behavior.

Automated analysis of media frames. Press coverage of the 7D 2015 debate: The decisive debate

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:13 +0200

The digitization and storage of news in databases facilitates the research of large amounts of text when using computer assisted content analysis techniques. Several authors point out the advantages of using computer programs in framing studies. The aim of this paper is to analyze the presence in the media of frames used by participants in the electoral debate televised on December 7, 2015 on the occasion of the Spanish general elections of 2015. In our study we implemented an automated analysis content with WordStat software to extract the frames of the texts analyzed, through a method that combines quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results of the study show that, in spite of a noticeable increase in the number of news articles about the candidates after the debate, the press coverage does not report on all the topics covered in the debate and presents politicians as if they participated in a horse race.

Spectacularization strategies in the TV political talk shows. The case of the Barcelona local election campaign (2015)

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:23:00 +0200

Political talk shows -called “tertulias” (media gatherings) in Spain- are a dialogical opinion genre without a clear codification. Their wide-ranging presence and large audiences in the Spanish media system are the reason for the central role of this type of programming in radio and television. These political media gatherings allow for a flexible political discourse process. However, the selection of “opinion-makers” shows a “false” internal plurality that facilitates the spectacularization of political content through the political personification and dramatization of personal anecdotes which heighten the emotional register. In this article two daily regional TV political talk shows -one public (Televisió de Catalunya, TV3) and one private (8TV)- and one public local broadcaster (Barcelona Televisió, BTV) are analyzed to detect elements of spectacularization from the campaigns of Barcelona’s local elections (2015).

Candidates’ agenda and image in the infotainment television programs during the General Elections of 2015 in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:22:49 +0200

There was a turn in the use of political marketing strategies in Spain with the election campaign of December 20th, 2015. Infotainment television programs were unprecedented in their protagonism, which was part of the candidates’ agendas as they reached out directly to the electorate with a human image. A quantitative content analysis was carried out to further understand the most used topics in these formats, as well as the type of public and private information that is produced about them. To this end, the rhetoric was analyzed from the three most followed Spanish infotainment programs: En la tuya o en la mía (TVE), El hormiguero 3.0 (Antena 3), ¡Qué tiempo tan feliz! (Telecinco); parties with the highest electoral expectations were included. The results indicate a clear prevalence of personal issues as opposed to the more political and programmatic ones, which take second place.

Mediatisation and campaign frames: Comparative analysis of partisan and news media information during the 2015 electoral campaign in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:21:12 +0200

This study compares the frames presented by four printed and online newspapers (El país, El mundo, Elconfidencial.com, and Eldiario.es) in their headlines with those adopted by the four largest political parties (PP, PSOE, Podemos and Ciudadanos) in the news releases published on their websites during the 2015 Spanish electoral campaign. Findings show that strategy and game frames clearly dominated not only news media discourse, but also the pieces published by the political parties, whereas prognostic and issue frames were more infrequent. This reveals the contagion of the media logic to the parties’ informative action and evidences their co-responsibility in the political disaffection. Meanwhile, the importance of game and strategy frames feeds media commercial dynamics and allows media to intervene in the political sphere practicing a speculative journalism.

Digital narratives of the major political parties of Spain, France, Portugal and the United States

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:20:05 +0200

The digital narratives employed by political parties in Spain, France, Portugal, and the United States are analyzed with particular attention paid to transmedia. We perform a content analysis of the parties’ webpages and online platforms, and the messages referenced therein, and survey the organizations’ online communication directors. The results show that, instead of adapting messages to specific platforms, political parties tend to disseminate overlapping content, publish the same messages on multiple platforms, and underutilize mobile strategies in political communication. The data show Spanish political parties to be at the forefront of innovation in narratives, as seen in their search for narratives created by non-partisan citizens and their commitment to innovation in transmedia and 360º video narratives.

A sample design proposal for the analysis of Twitter in political communication

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:19:55 +0200

Political communication and discourses on power

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:19:45 +0200

The main theoretical approaches related to the study of political communication, defined as the interaction between political parties, the media, and citizens, are analyzed. The theories are summarized into two main currents: first, those theories and approaches that emphasize political mediatization, which is the adaptation of political messages to the discourse, strategies, interests, and logic of mass media; second, the theoretical approaches that warn about the dependence of the media on external actors, as well as the loss of influence and relative importance of the media in the last years.

Quién es quien en el Anuario ThinkEPI 2017

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:24:01 +0200

El estado de los datos vinculados en bibliotecas en 2015

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:54 +0200

Los cuatro capítulos que componen este informe tienen como finalidad actualizar el anterior análisis de Mitchell sobre linked data, publicado también en Library technology reports (LTR) en 2013. Mitchell, Erik T. (2016). “Library linked data: Early activity and development”. Library technology reports, v. 52, n. 1 (January). American Library Association. https://journals.ala.org/ltr/issue/view/534

Objetos culturales y metadatos: hacia la liberación de datos en Wikidata

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:46 +0200

Generalmente, los proyectos de desarrollo GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives & museums) se asocian a la liberación de materiales textuales, gráficos o sonoros, que se ponen a disposición de todos los posibles usuarios, bajo licencias libres, sin que existan cortapisas para su reaprovechamiento y uso, sea comercial o no. Nota para incautos: poner en la web reproducciones de alta calidad que sólo se pueden usar para disfrute privado e individual no es un proyecto GLAM de liberación y uso de contenidos culturales; puede ser estéticamente agradable, pero resulta baladí (Tramullas, 2015). Fauconnier, Sandra; Lemmens, Bert; Direickx, Barbara (2015). Wikidata: Flemish art collections, Wikidata and Linked Open Data/Whitepaper.https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Flemish_ art_collections,_Wikidata_and_Linked_Open_Data/ Whitepaper

Bibframe advances in 2016: Perspectives of the new bibliographic model

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:38 +0200

The progress of the Bibframe Initiative in 2016 and the first quarter of 2017 is discussed. The difficulty of transforming the MARC 21 format into a new format lies within the model itself, but also in building a new cataloging ecosystem, both for catalogers and for library software. In spite of this, some of the most important libraries in the world are determined to follow this path. An analogy is drawn with the theoretical model and the subsequent cataloging rules promoted by IFLA, paying attention to the transition from AACR2 and ISBD to RDA, and from the FRBR family to LRM. The advantages that derive from the adoption of a data model adapted to RDA and linked open data are emphasized. OCLC, participating in the Bibframe initiative, has also explored the application of linked open data based on Schema.org. It is reported that the new version of the Bibframe 2.0 vocabulary has already been approved. And, finally, in 2107, the publication of new specifications to transform MARC 21 records to Bibframe will serve as an extension of the knowledge of this new standard.

ISO 25964-2: Interoperability of thesauri with other knowledge organization systems in semantic contexts

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:29 +0200

The second part of ISO 25964 on interoperability of thesauri with other knowledge organization systems is presented in the context of the Internet and semantic web. A review is offered of the main mapping models, the main semantic relation mappings, and the intricacies of mapping thesauri against bibliographical and archival classifications, taxonomies, subject heading systems, ontologies, terminologies, authority lists, and synonym rings. Finally, the implications of the ISO 25964 standard for the theory and practice of knowledge organization systems are discussed.

Records in context: The road of archives to semantic interoperability

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:21 +0200

In recent years there have been changes to the theoretical and methodological approaches to archival descriptions. Technologies and new users have forced change to the methods of conceiving the description process. The postmodern paradigm has influenced the way in which information is represented, blurring the borders between archives, libraries, and museums. In this context, the International Council of Archives has developed a conceptual model for the description called Records in context. This model unifies the ISAD(G), ISAAR(CPF), ISDF, and ISDIAH standards and establishes the entities, properties, and relationships of the archival descriptions. The model facilitates decentralized semantic interoperability and enables the development of an OWL ontology for the representation and publication of archival datasets using semantic web technologies. Records in context places archival resources within the dynamics of direct Web publishing and offer

Information visualization in 2016: concepts, content and technology

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:13 +0200

Information visualization covers the basic functions of data storage and communication, and reasoning support; most of the recently developed visualizations include these functions. However, among these, a small subset stands out for their innovative approaches and contribution to the development of the discipline. This article will review some of the innovative visualizations developed in 2016 and organize them into three groups. On the one hand, we present a small selection of visualizations that incorporate conceptual novelties and new visual proposals. On the other hand, we show some others that have drawn attention to the importance of the data set they have visualized. Finally, we account for some of the technological advances that have been developed within the discipline throughout this year.

Vocabularies for describing datasets on the Web

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:23:02 +0200

The technologies of the semantic web have reached a high degree of development. There are hundreds of metadata schemes and ontologies and thousands of datasets available for public use. The next step is to improve access, reuse and trust on datasets. This article includes vocabularies for describing datasets (DCAT) and their provenance (PROV-O), specifying mechanisms for access and use of data (DUV), and defining quality indicators (DQV).

Hackathon: The power of information exchange and learning

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:55 +0200

Hackathons are going beyond the technological interests to reach the social ones. This undoubtedly upward trend allows the exchanging of information and experiences, learning and creating knowledge collectively, solving problems, and responding to the needs of society. Hackers have been programming and solving problems collaboratively for decades. Citizen hackathons have been adapted to solve social problems. Its organizational structure, which implies horizontal and intensive dynamics, allows the participants to complement their individual experiences and skills and to develop specific solutions.

Documented information and knowledge management in ISO 9001: 2015: Contribution of the information professional

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:46 +0200

2016 has been a year in which many companies have undertaken the adaptation of the new ISO 9001:2015 “Quality management systems”. Based on the practical experience of the accreditation process by a large multinational engineering company, the author reflects on the role of information professionals in the implementation of the Knowledge Management and Documented Information sections of the standard.

¿CRIS versus IR?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:37 +0200

El objetivo de este informe conjunto entre Eunis y euroCRIS fue el de recopilar, a través de una encuesta online, la información sobre las soluciones tecnológicas a los CRIS (current research information systems) y a los repositorios institucionales en Europa, analizar sus vínculos con otros sistemas utilizados en universidades y centros de investigación, y su interoperabilidad con otros sistemas externos. http://www.eunis.org http://www.eurocris.orgRibeiro, Ligia; De-Castro, Pablo; Mennielli, Michele (2016). Final report: Eunis – Eurocris joint survey on CRIS and IR. ERAI (Eunis Research and Analysis Initiative). 23 p. http://www.eunis.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/ cris-report-ED.pdf

Papel de los datos de investigación en las artes y las humanidades

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:30 +0200

En los últimos años, la publicación en abierto de los datos de investigación ha ido en aumento, a la vez que los organismos de financiación iban requiriendo los datos resultantes de la investigación, no sólo las publicaciones. Este era uno de los objetivos de Horizonte 2020 de la Comisión Europea (European Commission, 2016a) y, particularmente, del Open Research Data Pilot (ORD Pilot) (European Commission, 2016b). Algunas áreas de conocimiento ya gozaban de una larga experiencia en el intercambio y la reutilización de datos, pero en otras disciplinas, como es el caso de las artes y las humanidades, eso no era así. Buddenbohm, Stefan; Cretin, Nathanael; Dijk, Elly; Gaiffe, Bertrand; De-Jong, Maaike; Le-Tellier-Becquart, Nathalie; Minel, Jean-Luc (2016). State of the art report on open access publishing of research data in the humanities. Dariah. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs- 01357208v2

Knowledge unbound: una recopilación imprescindible de artículos sobre el acceso abierto

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:22 +0200

Para cualquier defensor del acceso abierto, Peter Suber es uno de los referentes, por no decir el referente, en este ámbito. Suber participó, a finales de 2001, en la reunión de Budapest donde se generó la conocida Declaración que conforma la base del movimiento actual del acceso abierto, estableciendo las dos estrategias para alcanzarlo. Suber, profesor de Filosofía en el Earlham College decidió dejar su carrera académica para dedicarse al acceso abierto. Actualmente, está en Harvard donde forma parte del Berkman Center for Internet & Society y dirige la Harvard Office for Scholarly Communication. Suber, Peter (2016). Knowledge unbound: selected writings on open access, 2002-2011. Cambridge, MA; London, England: The MIT Press. 436 p. https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/knowledge-unbound

El camino hacia el acceso abierto, ¿en qué punto estamos?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:15 +0200

Desde la publicación en 2012 del Informe Finch, son ya varias las ocasiones en las que el blok de BiD se ha hecho eco de trabajos que analizan el grado de implementación de sus recomendaciones. http://www.ub.edu/blokdebid/ es/search/node/finchResearch Information Network; University of Sheffield; Research Consulting; Elsevier. (2015). Monitoring the transition to open access: a report for the Universities UK Open Access Co-ordination Group. [S. l.]: RIN. 104 p. https://goo.gl/mPQkmB

Las monografías también merecen estar en acceso abierto

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:08 +0200

Hasta ahora, en el contexto del acceso abierto a la ciencia, la mayor parte de los esfuerzos han sido dirigidos hacia las revistas científicas y esto ha permitido conseguir unos importantes progresos en lo que se refiere al cambio de modelo. Por su parte, las monografías –el tipo de documento científico más valorado, utilizado y citado por los académicos de humanidades y ciencias sociales– han sufrido un cierto olvido o desinterés y se encuentran muy alejadas de los datos cuantitativos de las revistas con respecto al acceso abierto. Collins, Ellen; Milloy, Caren (2016). OAPEN-UK final report: a five-year study into open access monograph publishing in the humanities and social sciences. London: Arts and Humanities Research Council: OAPEN-UK. http://oapen-uk.jiscebooks.org/finalreport

Knowledge Unlatched: ¿quién asume el coste de las publicaciones científicas en abierto?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:22:01 +0200

Con el expresivo título Knowledge Unlatched el proyecto que se analiza en este informe propone una respuesta a una de las preguntas más frecuentes sobre el open access (OA): ¿quién asume el coste de las publicaciones científicas en abierto (en este caso, de las monografías)? Montgomery, Lucy (2014). “Knowledge Unlatched: A global library consortium model for funding open access scholarly books”. Cultural science, v. 7, n. 2, pp. 1-66. http://cultural-science.org/journal/index.php/ culturalscience/article/view/96

Scientific production portals

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:54 +0200

The main aspects of how to create a CRIS (current research information system) are discussed. From several points of view, CRIS addresses the following: knowing an institution’s scientific impact; simplifying and improving institutional management; having a suitable tool for researchers to elaborate their curriculum vitae; and having a global research database, etc. To get a CRIS it is necessary for collaboration between different professional types, including librarians –who should be heavily involved-, in order to have the best and most complete information available.

Progress of thematic repositories and megajournals: Perspectives in 2017

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:46 +0200

A series of events related to thematic repositories took place in 2016. In this article, the new repositories similar to ArXiv are presented, and their relation to Open Science is described. Likewise, future predictions about megajournals are commented upon. Finally, future trends regarding the strategies of the large information and scientific knowledge companies are analyzed.

Publication evaluation in the humanities: Necessary changes against inadequate indicators

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:39 +0200

This paper argues the need to adapt the publication evaluation systems to the characteristics of the humanities, in order to overcome the current discrimination of these disciplines. Citation indicators applied to 2, 3, or 5 years of publication provide poor and distorted statistics for journal evaluation. The citation period should be extended and the classification system refined. On the other hand, it is essential to strengthen the incipient sources about monograph quality and publication modality with a central weight in the humanities.

Academic social networks: Collaboritive spaces or Diogenes clubs?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:30 +0200

The main results of the book Social networks for scientists: A quantitative survey is discussed. The success or failure of social networks is closely linked to the management and creation of content. The most successful sites are the document sharing sites (ResearchGate, Academia.edu, and Mendeley) because participation is based on the exchange of the main academic outputs: research publications. There are two main types of users: 1) producers, who are the less frequent, employ the network for spreading their results and monitor their impact in the academic community; and 2) viewers are the most and use the sites in order to be updated on new publications. These spaces are being used more for private interests than for collaborative purposes, becoming a kind of Diogenes Club, where most of the users come together in the same virtual space to conduct only private actions.

Alternative funding models for APC-free open access journals

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:23 +0200

The Alternative Funding Mechanism for APC-free Open Access journals and platforms implemented by the European Commission FP7 Post-Grant Open Access (OA) Pilot are described. This funding initiative, rolled out by the OpenAIRE project, aims to test the workflows around gold OA publishing, for titles that do not charge processing fees to their authors. The funding consists on specific technical improvements, according to plans proposed by journals and approved in previously selected bids. The main areas where these technical enhancements are being implemented are listed.

Dime cómo buscas y te diré quién eres

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:16 +0200

Los datos y estadísticas que tienen los editores y bibliotecarios sólo son una parte del complejo mapa de navegación que dibujan los usuarios a la hora de buscar información –muchas veces estos datos permanecen ocultos y no se comparten. Además, debe sumarse la caja negra de datos de los grandes motores de búsqueda (Google y Google Académico). Así que, para conocer con más detalle y exactitud cómo los lectores buscan y localizan contenidos y consecuentemente orientaciones de los modelos de servicios para los usuarios, una buena opción es preguntarles directamente. Gardner, Tracy; Inger, Simon (2016). How readers discover content in scholarly publications: trends in reader behaviour from 2005 to 2015. Abingdon: Renew Training. ISBN 978 0957392045. https://goo.gl/wB0suW

La brecha digital es la imagen de la brecha social: el nivel económico de las personas determina el acceso tecnológico de los ciudadanos de Barcelona

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:08 +0200

En esta nota se comenta brevemente el informe elaborado por el Mobile World Capital Barcelona sobre la brecha digital en esta ciudad. Como todos los informes de este tipo está basado en encuestas realizadas a los ciudadanos sobre el comportamiento ante las TIC:- ¿Qué hacen los ciudadanos que disponen de ordenadores o teléfonos móviles con acceso a internet? - ¿Cuántas veces se conectan? - ¿Qué consultan? - ¿Dónde acceden? etc. Mobile World Capital Barcelona (2016). La brecha digital en la ciudad de Barcelona. Febrero de 2016. MWC; RocaSalvatella. http://mobileworldcapital.com/escletxa-digital/ index_mob.php

Content curation articles. Categories and examples

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:21:01 +0200

A proposal of indicators for the analysis of articles based on content curation is presented. Two fundamental parameters are considered: curation and content, and for each, several indicators are proposed with types of articles and examples.

Two concepts for making sense of social media presence: Inbound marketing and content marketing

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:53 +0200

Inbound marketing and content marketing are used by social media as a way to achieve the goals of a brand and to attract customers. In this text, practical applications of both concepts for libraries are analyzed. In addition, examples are given and main implications are revealed.

Does society need an intellectual property right for press publishers?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:45 +0200

The European Commission published, in September 2016, a proposal for a new directive regarding copyright and digital society, which included a new right that addressed the needs of press publishers. This directive can be interpreted as a promise to effectively enact such a right. This move was the result of lobbying pressure by newspaper publishers’ groups and companies, whose aims were to provide a partial solution to the decreasing revenues in advertisement caused by the general economic crisis and the Internet. The initiative is the result of previous lobbying activities, which were effective in reforming the copyright acts of both Germany and Spain in 2014-2015, but ineffective in making anyone pay press publishers. In this article we analyze the pros and cons of the newly announced press publishers’ right and the form it could take if finally, attending to the pressure of press groups and against the opinion of the whole of academia and of many of the other involved actors, the European institutions decide to go ahead and enact this right.

Breaking news and Wikipedia: Writing an encyclopaedia from the journalistic point of view

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:38 +0200

How current news impacts the creation of articles in the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia is studied. Unlike the traditional editorial model, Wikipedia articles on news events are produced at the same time as they happen, and, as a result, conflicts between journalism and encyclopedic criteria arise. The editorial policies and practices that the Wikipedia community of editors have been applying to the encyclopedic coverage of present facts, people, and breaking news are analyzed.

Leer por placer: cómo lo ven (y lo viven) los niños y las familias de Australia

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:31 +0200

Kids & Family Reading es un estudio de carácter bianual que se realiza en Estados Unidos desde 2008, con el objetivo de explorar las actitudes y comportamientos relacionados con la lectura por ocio de los niños de edades comprendidas entre 6 y 17 años y que también recoge las opiniones de sus padres. El estudio es una iniciativa de la editorial Scholastic (especializada en el ámbito pedagógico e infantil, y una de las más potentes del mundo) y se ha realizado en colaboración con YouGov, una empresa de primer nivel que se dedica al estudio de mercados por medio de sistemas en línea. Scholastic (2015). Kids and family reading report: Australia. Premiere ed. Lisarow, NSW: Scholastic Corporation; London: YouGov. 84 p. http://www.scholastic.com.au/readingreport

El poder de la lectura. La campaña Read on. Get on

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:24 +0200

El informe The power of reading: how the next government can unlock every child’s potential through reading (Lawton, 2015) es uno de esos papers ingleses que tanto admiramos desde aquí, porque contiene datos y conclusiones (a partir de los datos), que permiten a un gobierno tomar decisiones basadas en evidencias (en pruebas fehacientes). El informe ha sido promovido por la asociación Save The Children con el objetivo de llamar la atención sobre las consecuencias que tiene el hecho de no dominar la lectura a los 11 años, es decir, al final de la educación primaria. http://resourcecentre.savethechildren.se Lawton, Kayte; Warren, Hollie (2015). The power of reading: how the next government can unlock every child’s potential through reading: Read on. Get on. London: Save the Children. 18 p. https://goo.gl/4266TK

Un paseo por la edición digital

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:16 +0200

Uno de los fenómenos más interesantes que se han producido en el mundo editorial, al hilo del desarrollo de las redes sociales y las tecnologías de la información, ha sido la aparición de numerosas páginas personales y blogs dedicados al mundo del libro. Creadas por profesionales de la edición, amantes de la lectura, escritores, críticos o especialistas de diferente signo, sociedades comerciales o científicas, grupos de investigación, etc., en la actualidad contamos con un elenco de páginas de diferente factura e interés, pero que, en su conjunto, responden a un amplio abanico de aspectos relativos a los distintos eslabones de la cadena del libro, tanto tradicional como digital. Anatomía de la edición: el blog de ADR. Madrid; Lima: Anatomía de Red, 2009- . http://anatomiadelaedicion.com

At the crossroads of old and new paths that invite reading

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:09 +0200

The paper focuses on the role of public libraries as a place to promote reading. It reflects upon how the changes in the world of books and reading, through the influence of technology, can affect the development of the traditional library function. Also the mediating role of the library in the digital age and the strengthening of training and education as essential library functions are discussed. The argument is supported by conclusions drawn from Territorio Ebook, a research project on the digital readout made in Spain with the library as a dynamic axis.

Children and youth digital literature on tablets and smartphones: An opportunity to get new readers

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:20:01 +0200

The connectivity phenomenon and the expansion of smartphones and tablets are playing a major role among children and adolescents. One option for promoting reading is to positively align children and reading on digital devices. For that, it is necessary for all agents involved in the chain of book creation, diffusion, and consumption get involved. In addition, global strategies need to be established that describe the ideal conditions for reading development. This article presents actions that publishers, developers, mediators, and the Administration can do to reach this goal.

Better essence than jumble: Text thinning in the context of the attention economy and digital edition

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:52 +0200

The recent changes in digital publishing have given rise to new developments in content creation, production, and consumption. In some cases these changes have affected preexisting functions, genres, or trends, which now have a different role in the digital environment. In others, new products have been generated that relate to the new environments and are, therefore, far from their printed reference. One of these changes is related to narrative. On the one hand, there has been a gradual thinning of the conventional narrative genres, and on the other, business models have been launched based on short texts, short stories, and short novels. In addition, new genres have emerged as twitnovels, blognovels, microfiction, etc., which have found their natural environment in the digital media. These phenomena are an example of the paradox between a supply of content that grows exponentially coupled with less and less availability of leisure time to consume them, so that competition occurs for the prevalence of one over others in a context of economy of attention and specialization of discourses.

¿Construimos colecciones juntos? El análisis de la colección conjunta del RLUK

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:44 +0200

Hace unos años en el Blok de bid, reseñando otro trabajo de OCLC (Cloud-sourcing research collections: Managing print in the mass-digitized library environment) (Balagué-Linares, 2011), asumía que la gestión de la colección no ha sido uno de los temas de más impacto dentro de nuestro entorno. Aun así, en el campo de las bibliotecas universitarias y de investigación hace tiempo que se están explorando las posibilidades de dar respuestas de manera cooperativa a las necesidades que suponen la gestión de los fondos y su conservación/ preservación a largo plazo. Malpas, Constance; Lavoie, Brian (2016). Strength in numbers: The research libraries UK (RLUK) collective collection. Dublin, Ohio: OCLC Research http://www.oclc.org/research/publications/2016/ oclcresearch-strength-in-numbers-rluk-2016.html

Desprogramar la obsolescencia imaginando la relevancia

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:35 +0200

Sucedió una vez más, cuando, entre canapé y canapé, comenté que era bibliotecario: “¿Y ahora con internet, a qué os vais a dedicar?”. Constatar que en el imaginario hemos pasado de estar tranquilamente leyendo mientras pasaba la jornada al desahucio, de aburridos a irrelevantes, enciende nuestras alarmas. ¿Será cierto que la evolución tecnológica convertirá las bibliotecas en espacios del pasado carentes de futuro? Nos gustaría creer que sólo piensan así quienes no las frecuentan, aquellos que previamente las consideraban un espacio de almacenaje y préstamo de libros, pero entre nosotros empieza a surgir cierta desazón. Vale, puede que la tecnología se nos resista, pero ¿qué hay de nuestra apuesta social, de nuestros esfuerzos por alfabetizar, por reducir brechas digitales, por qué nunca aparecen en escena?, y ¿qué hay de nosotros, es que sólo éramos (somos) los que estábamos en el lugar donde estaban los libros? Anabad (2016). Bibliotecas 2029: documentos de las Jornadas Bibliotecas 2029. Conference “Libraries 2029”. Papers. Murcia: Anabad Murcia. 156 p. http://eprints.rclis.org/29123/1/Bibliotecas_2029_ Documentos.pdf

Visión de la biblioteca universitaria en 2033

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:28 +0200

En la gestión del cambio, es importante adoptar la perspectiva de que estamos construyendo el futuro con todas las decisiones tomadas en el presente y, en esta situación, es necesario diseñar acciones en relación a temas que, a menudo, son apenas emergentes. Imaginar el futuro, y planificar acciones estratégicas para posicionarse de la mejor manera, es una actividad que, necesariamente, debe involucrar a mucha gente con conocimientos y perspectivas diferentes y complementarias. ARL (2016). Strategic thinking and design initiative: Extended and updated report. Washington: Association of Research Libraries. 122 p. https://goo.gl/eue9Xw

Crónica de un cambio anunciado: el blog de Lorcan Dempsey como relato del cambio continuo en las bibliotecas desde comienzos del siglo XXI

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:21 +0200

La American Library Association publicó en 2014 (disponible ahora en abierto) la obra de Lorcan Dempsey The network reshapes the library: Lorcan Dempsey on libraries, services, and networks editada por Kenneth J. Varnum. Dempsey, Lorcan (2014). The network reshapes the library. Lorcan Dempsey on libraries, services, and networks. Chicago: ALA. 295 p. ISBN: 978 0838912331 https://goo.gl/Ab706w

Una visión panorámica de las bibliotecas americanas

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:13 +0200

Este informe de la American Libray Association (ALA), publicado en abril de 2015 y que recoge datos y actividades del entorno bibliotecario norteamericano relativos a 2014, aunque incluyendo referencias previas relacionadas, ha sido coordinado y editado por la Office for Research and Statistics de la ALA. Rosa, Kathy (ed.) (2015). The state of America’s libraries 2015: a report from the American Library Association. Chicago: American Library Association. 28 p. http://www.ala.org/news/state-americas-librariesreport- 2015

El punto dulce de la vida pública

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:19:06 +0200

Que las comunidades cambian constantemente es un hecho. Otra cosa es la magnitud, velocidad u orientación de este cambio. Y que las bibliotecas tienen el deber de acompañar a las comunidades a las que sirven en este cambio constante es un reto admitido por todo el colectivo profesional (especialmente el de las públicas, pero no sólo). La dificultad radica en cómo hacerlo y, sobre todo, en cómo hacerlo bien, o lo mejor posible. American Library Association; Harwood Institute for Public Innovation (2015). Communities have challenges: libraries can help: a step-by-step guide to “turning outward” to your community. Chicago, IL: American Library Association. https://goo.gl/lo0rXu

Ambición y oportunidad: la estrategia para las bibliotecas públicas de Escocia 2015-2020

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:59 +0200

Nos encontramos ante la estrategia más reciente para las bibliotecas públicas escocesas, publicada el pasado mes de junio de 2015. Se trata de una red con 150 años de historia, con 600 puntos de servicio, 28 millones de usuarios al año y un 61% de población que las utiliza. SLIC (2015). Ambition & opportunity: A strategy for public libraries in Scotland, 2015-2020. [Glasgow]: Scottish Libraries and Information Council (SLIC); Carnegie UK Trust. 43 pp. http://scottishlibraries.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ Strategy.pdf

Ese antídoto contra la exclusión digital llamado biblioteca pública necesita mediciones actualizadas

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:51 +0200

Las bibliotecas públicas desempeñan un importante papel en la sociedad de la información. Instituciones como la Comisión Europea recurren a ellas para canalizar muchos de sus esfuerzos en materia de inclusión digital (como atestiguan los programas Harmonica, ECUP, Camile, Libecon 2000, etc.) y no es casual que nuestras bibliotecas se impliquen en su desarrollo. Bertot, John-Carlo; Real, Brian; Lee, Jean; McDermott, Abigail J.; Jaeger, Paul T. (2015). 2014 Digital inclusion survey: Survey findings and results extended summary. [College Park, Maryland]: Information Policy & Access Center (IPAC). http://digitalinclusion.umd.edu/sites/default/files/up loads/2014DigitalInclusionSurveyFinalRelease.pdf

Tendencias de las bibliotecas académicas y de investigación del próximo lustro. Horizon report: 2015 library edition

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:43 +0200

Por segundo año consecutivo, el New Media Consortium (NMC) ha lanzado el informe de tendencias y retos para las bibliotecas académicas y de investigación. Johnson, Larry; Adams-Becker, Samantha; Estrada, V.; Freeman, A. (2015). NMC Horizon report: 2015 library edition. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.http://cdn.nmc.org/media/2015-nmc-horizonreport- library-EN.pdf

Diseñando la biblioteca de investigación del futuro

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:35 +0200

¿Cómo sería una biblioteca de investigación que pudiéramos diseñar partiendo de cero? Esta es la ambiciosa pregunta que se plantearon un grupo de bibliotecarios de la Cornell University. Para darle respuesta llevaron a cabo, con la ayuda de la consultora Ithaka S+R, un estudio etnográfico. Tancheva, Kornelia; Castro-Gessner, Gabriela; Tang, Neely; Eldermire, Erin; Furnas, Heather; Branchini, Darcy; Steinhart, Gail (2016). A day in the life of a (serious) researcher: envisioning the future of the research library. Ithaka S+R.http://sr.ithaka.org/?p=277259

Valor económico de la biblioteca pública: ¿no es mejor hablar de retorno social?

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:27 +0200

Desde hace ya unos años se han incrementado las iniciativas, especialmente en diferentes sectores de la cultura y también en las bibliotecas, con el objeto de identificar el retorno económico y social de estas instituciones. Jervelund, Christian; Kjøller-Hansen, Anders- Oskar; Steen-Knudsen, Jossi; Jørgensen, Johanne (2015). The economic value of public libraries. [Copenhagen]: Danish Think Tank Libraries of the Future. http://fremtidensbiblioteker.dk/wp/wp-content/ uploads/2014/07/Samle_final_opslag_UK.pdf

Diseño del espacio de la biblioteca pública: un lugar común de aprendizaje, inspiración, creación y participación de la comunidad

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:20 +0200

En febrero de 2015, coincidiendo con la declaración del Año de las Bibliotecas en Cataluña, la Gerència de Serveis de Biblioteques de la Diputació de Barcelona i el Consorci de Biblioteques de Barcelona organizaron el Midterm Meeting de las secciones de Bibliotecas Públicas y de Edificios de la IFLA y una jornada dedicada a los Nuevos usos de la biblioteca pública. http://www.diba.cat/es/web/biblioteques/noususos- bibModel programme for public libraries. Copenhagen: Danish Agency for Culture and Palaces, 2013.http://modelprogrammer.slks.dk/en

Compras, plataformas y lo abierto: el software para bibliotecas en 2016

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:12 +0200

Para los que siguen el mercado de la informatización de bibliotecas, la primera semana de abril es una fecha de culto. Desde hace muchos años, el primer número de ese mes de Library journal nos traía el informe Library automation marketplace. El de este año (y el del anterior) lo firma Matt Enis bajo el título Library systems landscape.

Finding the path: Necessary corrections to incorporate the idea of the new library into the essential elements of citizenship

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:18:04 +0200

The economic crisis has been harmful for libraries. Although the studies that have been done by professional associations have given evidence of their economic and social value, the reasons given to justify budget cuts and closures show that the real problem is not an economic problem but one of perception: Politicians and citizens give libraries a secondary place when competing with other basic services for financing. Everyone recognizes the past importance of libraries, but few situate them in contemporary education, information, and knowledge. The future of libraries depends mostly on what people think of them. Professionals can help to build a new popular awareness that places value on the idea of the library’s utility and neutralizes its presumed digital obsolescence. In this sense, technology is changing the role that institutions play, as well as the space that they have traditionally occupied. Technology has also changed our expectations towards institutions. In order to make the library something appealing and useful, the librarian must be able to facilitate the interconnection (cooperation, networking, benchmarking, and co-creation) and seek to reduce the barriers between the library as an institution and the users.

Academic library spaces in the new learning ecosystem

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:17:57 +0200

Academic library spaces are transforming to adapt to new forms of learning, while at the same time the library print-collections, with reduced or zero use, are being moved to library marginal zones or to sites that are external to library buildings. The causes of transformation to library spaces are described, as well as the consequences that this transformation implies in new forms of collection storage, and the supply of new and diverse learning spaces, without limiting access to information.