Scipedia: Documents published in 2014

Use of archival footage in audiovisual advertising: case studies

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:51:16 +0200

Audiovisual advertising tells short stories in a few seconds, using techniques inherited from cinema and television. A resource that gives a special tone or tint to the story is the use of archival images. Some cases are analyzed to describe the different uses of archival footage in audiovisual advertising.

Television documentation centres and documentary products

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:51:04 +0200

The article presents a survey research in 10 documentation centres of Spanish television stations. The authors analyze first the current situation of television documentation tasks after digitization, and the emergence of journalists participation in some of these tasks. Second, we analyze the implementation level, typology and problems of developing documentary products in the documentation centres. For the first time we report a map of the implementation of documentary products in the Spanish television stations. Other results found were: journalists perform the selection of the original materials in 8 of the 10 television stations studied; few documentary products combine text and audiovisual information, and these are usually created for internal use in the news room and not for the audience.

Traits and trajectories of audiovisual documentation: achievements, challenges and chimeras

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:50:54 +0200

Although many analogic audiovisual archives are still awaiting a digitization project that guarantees their preservation and public access, a massive generation of audiovisual content is taking place, once the source has completed the transition to digital production and distribution. The demand for an increasingly diversified production at TV stations is leading to the need to prioritize image retrieval from the archives for reuse. Efficient alternatives for automatic metadata extraction, indexing and searching are sought, and text information to describe images continues to be necessary. The documentary image processing is extremely costly in human resources, with dedication times of two, three or even more times the length of the treated material. In parallel, part of the audiovisual production is indexed during the production process by people other than archivists, librarians or information scientists. Therefore, a transformation of the traditional tasks carried out by the above mentioned professionals is becoming more evident; on the other hand, these professionals continue to be isolated and less hybridized than expected with other labor profiles.

Cataloging cartographic documents with RDA

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:50:45 +0200

The article discusses new RDA (Resource description and access) cataloguing rules, which are based on the FRBR and FRAD conceptual model. The basic entities (work, expression, manifestation and item), as well as their attributes and relationships are described, and RDA structure and substantial changes from existing AACR2 rules explained. New terminology, new cataloguing models, and specifically “the rule of three” are included, no abbreviations, annotations of numbers and errors, and use of square brackets. New MARC 21 fields are explained: the 264 field for publisher data and the 3XX field for content, media and carrier types. The paper addresses the application of these changes in cartographic documents, especially in the 255 field for mathematical data elements, containing a sub-field for scale, cartographic projections and coordinates, and in the physical description field, including record samples. The essential role in the RDA development and training of cataloguers for cartographic documents is carried out by an expert group called Magirt (ALA). The rules offer freedom of application for cataloguers and cataloguing agencies; therefore, their interpretation is required, taking into account national cataloguing conventions. The instructions have already been translated into the major world languages.

University policies on information dissemination through their institutional websites

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:50:36 +0200

Information dissemination has become a critical element of universities’ strategic plans. Concerned about their position in the international rankings that evaluate this kind of institutions, universities also begin to worry about their information dissemination strategies and their institutional websites. This article addresses the main functions of the university website; the process of analysis, design and implementation in the production of this kind of websites; the minimum elements to be included in a university web style guide; and some key national and international style guide standards and references.

The new canon for universities: after the appropriation of the digital canon for private copies, now that of open access

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:50:27 +0200

The current reform of Spain’s copyright law incorporates a new levy on universities that is related to open access to publications. It will be collected by the Spanish agency Cedro (Centro Español de Derechos Reprográficos ) and the virtual campuses of universities will be required to comply. We analyze a regulatory precedent in Spain for this legal reform, which levied a tax on potential private photocopying (for personal or “fair” use). This precedent has common features with the current reform: the levy on private copying was an appropriation of public access to print information, while the levy on universities implies the appropriation of the digital commons.

Information policies, university libraries and development: Reflections from university cooperation

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:50:20 +0200

Reflection on the interaction between national information policies and development cooperation projects in the field ofacademic and research libraries. The evolution of the information policy concept, its relation to development cooperation, and the central role that for nearly seventy years Unesco has played on those matters are analyzed. Finally, cooperation scenarios in which professionals of university and research libraries in developing countries could develop projects aligned with national information policies are examined.

Plans and activities of communication professionals in Chilean museums. Problems and perspectives

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:49:38 +0200

The concept of museum communication is examined from the perspective of the professionals in charge of this task, characterizing the practical circumstances, perceptions, and specifics of the communication area. Through a series of interviews with managers of a group of Chilean museums, we identified elements to consider and problems that often affect museum communications in general, despite the diversity of these institutions. In the museums examined, we observed different ways of understanding the concept of communication. Such differences are linked to geographical location, ownership or affiliation, as well as other dimensions of the museum such as mission, objectives of the institution, and the communications vision.

Effects of the economic crisis on Spanish libraries

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:49:30 +0200

Libraries in Spain, like other institutions, have been affected by the economic crisis. The effects and their consequences are studied in this paper, based on available library statistics. A significant decrease in expenditure for materials, the downgrading of collections, library closures and a growing increase in usage were observed in 2012. Changes in content consumption habits are also highlighted, with special attention to adaptations to digital change. Facts 2012: the operating costs of Spanish libraries amounted to 990.1 million euros (+0.54% compared to 2010); if the increase in the CPI is taken into account, the cost increase is actually 5%. Personnel expenses represent 66.9%. Public libraries (PLs) reported 594 fewer employees than in 2010 and there were 154 fewer in academic libraries (-5.6% and -2.6%, respectively). The PLs incorporated 3.5 million volumes (-31.2% compared to 2010). Visits to libraries: Total 216.4 million (in PLs +20.5% / 2010); 401 libraries (20%) did not have computers for public use and 46.5% had no opac yet.

Situation of neuromarketing in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:49:21 +0200

Neuromarketing has existed for just over a decade, and its theoretical framework, techniques and research methods have been defined during these years. The absence of legislation regulating neuromarketing experiments and the secrecy of the private sector due to its client agreements, it is difficult to know how brands use this discipline. Currently, the scientific sector in Spain has great interest in neuromarketing. Sixteen of Spain’s 75 universities (21%) have a research group, institute or center that studies neuromarketing, but this activity has had little international impact. Meanwhile, a fifth of the Spanish professional commercial sector shows real interest in neuromarketing, either having a separate department dedicated to it or offering this service to others. Ethics, traditionally presented as an impediment to the development of neuromarketing, should not pose a problem for the development of this field of knowledge.

Spanish companies offering information management: services, organization, employment and prospects

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:49:13 +0200

In recent years, very few studies have classified and analysed the evolution of the business activities carried out by Spanish companies that provide information and document management services. Aware of the importance that these issues have for university centers and for graduate students of library and information science, this article presents the results obtained from an analysis of these companies, comparing them with available data from previous studies. Types of services currently offered by these companies, their geographical distribution, business scope, size and age, current data on their employment and selection policies, and future prospects in the midst of the current economic crisis are described. Novel contributions of this report are the analysis of business scope and age of these companies and the factors they take into account when selecting their employees.

Social responsibility and sustainability in the Spanish university libraries

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:49:04 +0200

This compilation and analysis of the initiatives related to social responsibility and sustainability in 71 Spanish university libraries obtained information primarily from web sites and print materials: activities reports, brochures, strategic plans and collection management documents. To organise and analyse the information, a list of 5 categories was developed, covering 21 elements. In 61 (85.9%) of the universities analysed, some type of library activity related to social responsibility and sustainability was identified.

Financial crisis and North-South gap within the main media groups in the EU

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:55 +0200

The financial crisis and the economic adjustments within the most important media groups of the European Union (EU) have enlarged the North-South gap regarding financial strength, competitiveness and capitalisation, favouring Center European and UK patterns. The financial results of the 93 biggest media groups and enterprises in the EU provide evidence of not only the pernicious effects of financialization, but also the increase of regional divergences within the EU-28. The Mediterranean countries, which have got the worst results in all of the indicators analysed, are the most exposed to those dangers and confirm the poor advances of the media sector regarding convergence of management and economic solidity, at the expense of their capability to fulfil their social aims. The crisis has strengthened the position of the media groups in the North in front of the weakened South, that already had a greater dependence by its greater exposure to partisan interests. The daily circulation of press in the EU fell from 115.33 million copies distributed in 2008 to 82.54 in 2012, 27.73% less. 64.5% of the major media listed in the EU-28 is concentrated in five countries. 52.7% of the media has significant holdings in financial institutions.

Public policies for the development of digital content industry: an international prospective

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:47 +0200

This research has been an analysis of public policies for the development of the digital content industry developed in Germany, UK, France and Italy (countries close to our cultural, economic and political) and Israel and the United States (countries with high development of digital content sector). The analysis of policy measures in these countries has identified three lines of action: creating and fostering entrepreneurial centers, finding new ways to deliver content to specific programs demand and internationalization. For each action line describes specific policy measures in the countries under comparison that, according to national and international experts, have had an impact on the development of the digital content industry in selected countries and could be of interest for application to the content sector in Spain.

Information policies and scientific publication

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:39 +0200

The lack of an integrated information policy for scientific activity evaluation has led to a wide range of information products and services that are used for such purposes, although they were not originally designed for that. While it is true that these tools have limitations and deficiencies, and in several cases are technologically and methodologically obsolete, possibly the biggest problem is sustainability in the present times of economic crisis, especially if they do not take on new strategic tasks, such as assessment, which is a priority today. Various products are reviewed in this critical essay: scientific journal portals, with the recommendation to implement value added systems like SciELO instead of simple database management; current databases on offer, with questions about having national products without metrics; institutional repositories, with the observation that they have forgotten to serve authors, their real end users; and institutional ranking systems, suggesting that some have not learned from the successes of those based on composite indicators. Recommendations include institutional coordination of services; professionalism versus incompetence; and an end to the economic drain caused both by licensing underused databases and by maintaining outdated policies based on criteria that have been abandoned at the international level.

What do we mean when we talk about information policies

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:29 +0200

An information policy is a concerted action of various agents with information as the object, having as a purpose certain goals. The crisis we face is not only economic but also technological and due to changes in the organizational model, and we are already seeing some effects of deregulation and no planning. We can only establish solid information policies if we find a set of actions around which a wide spectrum of agents can be aligned without friction. 1. In the print world, policies should allow us to determine what exists and make that easily accessible, and know what is little used and will tend to be used less and ensure that it is preserved. 2. Research funding institutions can and must agree to facilitate open access to information and data. 3. Finally, the library-organization must be able to provide digital books, offer digital information that anybody can use, and ensure that born-digital materials are passed on to future generations. To this we must add the need to plan for information literacy training in schools. In these times of change, surrounded by uncertainty and some notable weaknesses, part of our professional duties should be devoted to elaborate agreements enabling us to take coordinated action in certain directions.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:20 +0200

Congresos,

Searching records visually

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:11 +0200

We present the results of the application of visualization techniques to search large sets of records, under the framework of the “Project of innovation in record management applied to transport infrastructure services and works procurement dossiers”. We started from a metadata schema as the origin of the information used to create visualizations. Four visualization techniques –timeline, cluster, cloud and map- and their metadata are exhaustively described.

Information visualization and retrieval in the semantic web

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:48:02 +0200

The authors have questioned how the semantic web search engines work and if the graphical display of the search results improves the retrieval. The types of queries that can be performed, as well as the main features of a semantic search engine, have been analyzed. A query was selected and executed in semantic search engines with online access to DBpedia. The basic and desirable functionality in a semantic web search engine, and reviewed studies about the evaluation of semantic search engines have been studied. Finally, there have been analyzed the graphic solutions for displaying the results of some search engines. The main findings underlines the idea that graphical solutions to display query results do not meet the expectations proposed in the bibliography.

Information visualization in data democratization: proposals from journalism and storytelling

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:51 +0200

Information visualization is reviewed from the communication perspective, which is considered a new formula for disseminating information to a heterogeneous audience of people not specialized in the analysis of quantitative data. The principle of storytelling is incorporated as a tool to hold the attention and direct the reading of the visualizations, and to complement the two traditional bases of the discipline: perception and interaction. The reflection is accompanied by visualizations published in the framework of mass communication, ranging from examples in the English-speaking mainstream press to online applications aimed at making information accessible to the general public.

Media credibility: analysis of the daily press based on consumer behaviour

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:42 +0200

We analysed mass media credibility, focusing particularly on generalist journals. We carried out structural equation modeling, based on a sample comprised of 454 questionnaires relative to the newspapers El país, El mundo, Abc, La razón and La voz de Galicia , in order to analyze the antecedents and consequences of credibility. The results obtained show the important influence of perceived quality, media image and awareness on consumers’ attitudes, along with the influence of attitude on media credibility. Our findings provide useful insights for mass media managers that may enhance media image and awareness, along with consumers’ perceptions of quality, in an increasingly competitive environment.

Media literacy and co-innovation in microenterprises: first evidence in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:34 +0200

The inexorable progress of ICT has brought about radical changes in the social and business world. In this context, new patterns of communication and participation, especially since the advent of Web 2.0, and the widespread use of smartphones by the whole population, are particularly striking. In this situation, it is essential to establish what kind of personal skills related to the efficient use of media can be useful from a business perspective, and how these media literacy skills can be aligned with other factors, such as innovation, that determine the competitiveness of companies. In this paper, we analyze the media skills of workers and their connections to the innovation processes in microenterprises. With this analytical objective, exploratory fieldwork has been done in a sample of 154 professionals working in Spanish microenterprises.

AdWords, images, and banner blindness: an eye-tracking study

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:25 +0200

Unlike most online advertising, Google opts for a purely textual model in the ads showed in its results pages. This paper presents an eye-tracking study conducted to determine if right-side graphic elements in Google AdWords affect users’ visual behavior. AdWords have been modified to contain logos and pictures. The analysis concludes that the appearance of images does not change user interaction with ads, which is attributed to the “banner blindness” effect.

Graphical interface of the SCImago Journal and Country Rank: An interactive approach to accessing bibliometric information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:16 +0200

A graphical interface designed to access the bibliometric indicators database of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal(http://scimagojr.com/shapeofscience) is described. The map was generated from the relational matrix based on the citation, co-citation, and bibliographic coupling formed by the nearly 20,000 publications (journals and conference proceedings) registered inScopus. The map layout is based on a variant of a force-directed algorithm using Noack’s proposal of an edge-repulsion energy model. The interface allows the publications’ bibliometric indicators and the cluster structures that they form to be displayed based on their shared use by the authors of the documents. To facilitate navigation, the interface automatically positions the reference areas and subject categories which are viewable via zoom-and-pan. The interface may be found to constitute a useful tool for analyses of theScopus publications’ presence in different scientific domains, and of the global distribution of the publishing capacity of different countries and regions. It uses the method of overlaying maps to locate subsets of selected publications in the context of the global publication structure.

Graphical interface of the SCImago Journal and Country Rank: An interactive approach to accessing bibliometric information

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:47:07 +0200

A graphical interface designed to access the bibliometric indicators database of the SCImago Journal & Country Rank portal (http://scimagojr.com/shapeofscience) is described. The map was generated from the relational matrix based on the citation, co-citation, and bibliographic coupling formed by the nearly 20,000 publications (journals and conference proceedings) registered in Scopus. The map layout is based on a variant of a force-directed algorithm using Noack’s proposal of an edge-repulsion energy model. The interface allows the publications’ bibliometric indicators and the cluster structures that they form to be displayed based on their shared use by the authors of the documents. To facilitate navigation, the interface automatically positions the reference areas and subject categories which are viewable via zoom-and-pan. The interface may be found to constitute a useful tool for analyses of the Scopus publications’ presence in different scientific domains, and of the global distribution of the publishing capacity of different countries and regions. It uses the method of overlaying maps to locate subsets of selected publications in the context of the global publication structure.

Development of Spanish research on stem cells. Visualization and identification of the main research fronts

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:56 +0200

Using visualization techniques based on social networks, this study aims to analyze stem cell research in Spain, as reflected in the Science Citation Index (SCI) database between 1997 and 2010 , divided into three sub-periods. The selected unit of analysis was the KeyWords Plus descriptors (KW+), the unit of measurement was their co-occurrence , and the Pajek and VOSviewer tools were used to generate and display the social networks. The results show two complementary images of research: the static structure, distinguishing between clinical and basic research, and the evolutionary dynamic, analysing both the most established and the emerging lines. The main contribution of this work is to present a methodology for the visualization and detection of the main r esearch lines over time, demonstrating its applicability and its predictability in scientific and geographic domains.

Trends in science mapping: co-use of scientific literature as evidence of researchers' interests

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:45 +0200

The possibility of constructing science maps based on co-use of scientific literature by academic users is explored. We define co-use as the co-occurrence of scientific information requests by pairs of users recorded in platforms of scientific journals. We used search data from the University of Navarre to the ScienceDirect platform in 2012 in order to test the validity and to analyze the possibilities of this methodological approach. We conclude by emphasizing the viability of this methodology when exploring the research interests of an academic institution along with the relations among different disciplines.

Making the invisible visible: visualizing the network structure of Twitter relationships using Social Network Analysis

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:37 +0200

We live in a dense social network of interactions that connect us to people, information, events and places facilitating or constraining the flow of information, ideas, perceptions, etc., into an instant and massive network communication system. We create cognitive artefacts that integrate data visualization and cognitive processes in order to increase our ability to understand the complexity of the external world, made even more complex with the Internet and rise of social media. In this paper, we combine Twitter , as a type of fieldwork site, and Social Networks Analysis (SNA), as both an analytic framework and set of methods, to capture, analyze, and visualize empirical data, both statically (figure representing point in time) and dynamically (video reflecting longitudinal data). We present Flocker, a tool designed for real-time visualization and representation of network activity using Twitter as an illustrative case.

Visual analytics in e-learning

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:27 +0200

Current technologies used in e-learning processes require the logging of all activities performed. These data can be used in the assessment of students, instructors and the processes themselves. However, although this wealth of data exists, it is still difficult for those who teach (and interested stakeholders) to verify a hypothesis, extract conclusions, or make decisions based on the facts or situations that are discovered. This paper introduces an educational data analysis model based on visual analytics, learning analytics and academic analytics and using a software tool that allows performing confirmatory and exploratory data analysis through interaction with the information gathered from a typical Learning Management System. The main goal is to enable the discovery of knowledge on the specific learning process that, in turn, will permit its improvement.

How we draw texts: a review of approaches to text visualization and exploration

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:17 +0200

This paper presents a review of approaches to text visualization and exploration. Text visualization and exploration, we argue, constitute a subfield of data visualization, and are fuelled by the advances being made in text analysis research and by the growing amount of accessible data in text format. We propose an original classification for a total of 49 cases based on the visual features of the approaches adopted, identified using an inductive process of analysis. We group the cases (published between 1994 and 2013) in two categories: single-text visualizations and text-collection visualizations, both of which can be explored and compared online.

How we draw texts: a review of approaches to text visualization and exploration

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:46:08 +0200

Information visualization

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:59 +0200

This overview introduces and synthesizes some basic concepts of the broad spectrum of information visualization, providing examples with geospatial, relational and textual data from a demanding discipline. The concepts are discussed and the examples illustrate some practices and criteria.

Are libraries sustainable in a world of free, networked, digital information?

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:48 +0200

The evolution of libraries through three stages –modernization, automation and digitization- is analysed. A formula is presented to evaluate the importance of libraries to our society, and it is applied both retrospectively and futuristically, extrapolating a 2030 scenario. The conclusion is that if the current generation of librarians does not introduce radical changes in the role of libraries, their future is seriously threatened.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:40 +0200

Jornadas

Bibliometric analysis of the scientific journal Transinformação

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:32 +0200

This paper proposes the application of the three main Bibliometrics laws –Lotka, Zipf, and Bradford- to address the following questions: (i) How to be sure of the quality of publishers and contents in scholarly publishing, and (ii) How to determine content reliability. Our main goal is to evaluate the visibility of Transinformação, a Brazilian scholarly journal in the information science area, according to its productivity, citation counts, and performance indicators. This study focusses on the concepts of Bibliometrics and Scholarly Journals, presenting a brief history of scholarly publishing and its accessibility in Brazil, as well as the software tools used in this work. This is an exploratory documentary study, based on descriptive mixed methods (i.e., both qualitative and quantitative), that analyzes 24 years of Transinformação issues, from its first edition in 1989 to 2011. Descriptive statistics tables are used to show the results obtained from analyses carried out with Publish or perish, Microsoft Excel, and Web of science Citespace tools.

Bibliographic heritage in public libraries: local memories and national identities

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:21 +0200

Considering bibliographic heritage as indispensable for the knowledge of our culture and history, we show the results of the research project “Situation of the heritage library collections of three public libraries of Antioquia, Colombia". This research aimed to establish the role of public libraries in relation to local collections and bibliographic heritage. Aspects discussed include the design of criteria for the assessment and recovery of these collections and the suggestion of a diagnostic process to be followed. Our inventory produced two outcomes: 1) the creation of a digital reference repository that helps to systematize and disseminate the heritage collections existing in public libraries; and 2) evidence of how these collections lack needed policies for recovery, identification, processing, preservation and dissemination, which results in difficulties in terms of their valuation as heritage collections.

Open data in the Spanish public administrations: main subject categories and apps

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:13 +0200

There is a growing number of open data initiatives that allow citizens to reuse public data sets through specifically designed applications. This paper presents an overview of these initiatives and their development in Spain, analyzing the open data sets available and the functions and features of the applications developed for this purpose. The information source used in this work is the portal http://datos.gob.es, of national scope which organizes and manages the public information catalog of Spanish administrations. This source offers information about these data sets and the applications and utilities developed. The analysis shows a diverse distribution of these open data sets that requires grouping by metacategories for its study and analysis. The level of development of the applications seems low but it may be due to the incipience on freely available data. In any case, the data sets related to infrastructures (especially transports) appear to be the main object of the applications developed so far in Spain in this context.

Entrepreneurship training for journalists

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:45:03 +0200

Overcoming the newspaper industry crisis and addressing the urgent need to rethink business models to achieve a greater openness to users and the environment will require turning future generations of journalists into entrepreneurs. To meet this goal, training is important but, according to the scientific literature, its effects on increasing entrepreneurial intentions are not entirely convincing. This study presents a university programme with the aim to ensure this increased interest. The results support the validity of this type of training to generate entrepreneurial intentions and support a high level of increased entrepreneurship in future journalists.

Analysis of research on creativity in advertising in Spain from 1980-2012

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:55 +0200

We provide a content analysis of the research published on advertising creativity in Spanish communication journals of the first and second quartile of the In-Recs index (2011 edition): Anàlisi (from 1980 to 2012), Comunicar (from 1993 to 2012), Comunicación y sociedad (from 1988 to 2012), Doxa (from 2003 to 2012), Questiones publicitarias (from 1993 to 2012), Revista latina de comunicación social(from 1998 to 2012), Trípodos (from 1996 to 2012), and Zer (from 1996 to 2012). The authors analysed 3406 papers to determine the level of interest in advertising creativity evidenced in these scientific journals. Only 0.20% of the studies analyzed focused on advertising creativity.

Analysis of newspapers’ evening editions for tablets

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:46 +0200

In a media ecosystem with news products available instantly, anywhere and at any time, some newspapers have sprung a surprise by publishing an evening edition for tablets, even in countries with no newsprint tradition. This article considers the keys to interpreting this apparent contradiction between the current media ecosystem and the strategy underlying the launch of late editions for these mobile devices. To do so, we establish a sample of native evening newspaper applications not available in print, examine them and interview the prime movers. The conclusions reveal the unique role played by this newspaper type within the daily information process. More than just an end in themselves, they have become a medium that maintains previous patterns of consumption.

Unesco nomenclature: development, scope and reuse for describing scientist profiles using an ontology

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:37 +0200

In 1974, Unesco published the Nomenclature for Fields of Science and Technology. Since then, it has been used in Spain to classify the scientific activity. In order to better determine its characteristics, development and scope, we studied the literature and analysed its use by university research groups in Spain and in other national and international settings. From the data obtained, we designed an ontology based on the combination of the Nomenclature and keywords identified in the literature. The result is an ontological model adapted to the semantic web technologies that provides a higher degree of expressiveness than the original Nomenclature. It also helps to solve problems such as obsolescence and the absence of certain emerging subject areas, facilitating the classification of scientific activities and increasing its usefulness

Work interruptions in the knowledge sector: associations with profession and marital status

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:28 +0200

The advantage of identifying the influence of sociodemographic profiles on work interruptions among knowledge workers is that it allows researchers to predict which individuals are more likely to be interrupted during their work day. For example, there is a relationship between the use of social networks and the profession (engineers are likely to be interrupted more often); between the use of social networks and marital status (knowledge workers who have no partner have more work interruptions); between social origin and working in public administration, and also the socioeconomic situation and working in humanities-social sciences. In contrast, technological disruptions seem to equally affect married and unmarried workers, although singles tend to be more interrupted by their phones. Administrative workers are also more interrupted by mobile phones. All these data are important because of the great impact of interruptions on productivity. More research is needed to identify other variables of a social nature that predispose to labour disruptions.

Presence on social networks and altmetrics of authors frequently published in the journal El profesional de la información

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:19 +0200

We analyzed a discrete sample of the most frequent contributors to the journal El professional information (EPI) for the period 2009-2013. We studied the presence of these authors in social networks and the impact of their EPI publications indexed in Web of Science using different altmetrics. The results showed that 77% had a public profile on Google Scholar Profiles and 70% had an account on both LinkedIn and Mendeley. This platform has served as the tool with higher statistics and obtained the highest correlation with the number of citations in Web of Science (0.516). Other networks were Twitter (55%) and Slideshare (47%); despite its lower presence in the sample, Slideshare offers users higher visibility, receiving the highest number of user hits. We also present detailed altmetrics for 47 EPI authors, ending with a reflection on the difficulty of analysing altmetrics at author level.

New data, new possibilities: Exploring the insides of Altmetric.com

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:11 +0200

This paper analyzes Altmetric.com, one of the most important altmetric data providers currently used. We have analyzed a set of publications with doi number indexed in the Web of Science during the period 2011-2013 and collected their data with the Altmetric API. 19% of the original set of papers was retrieved from Altmetric.com including some altmetric data. We identified 16 different social media sources from which Altmetric.com retrieves data. However five of them cover 95.5% of the total set. Twitter (87.1%) and Mendeley (64.8%) have the highest coverage. We conclude that Altmetric.com is a transparent, rich and accurate tool for altmetric data. Nevertheless, there are still potential limitations on its exhaustiveness as well as on the selection of social media sources that need further research.

New data, new possibilities: Exploring the insides of Altmetric.com

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:44:02 +0200

Altmetrics for research evaluation and information needs assessment

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:53 +0200

Altmetrics measure the impact of research by quantifying its presence on the social web. The use of this tool in research evaluation can supplement citation analysis. However, altmetric data sources suffer from biases similar to those of citation databases. Although altmetrics offer article-level metrics, it is necessary to normalize data collection in order to guarantee the consistency of altmetric indicators and to build a conceptual framework to interpret them. Altmetrics can be a source of information on researchers’ information behaviour and needs.

Taking the alternative mainstream

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:44 +0200

The reasons for the use of "alternative metrics" to measure the influence that the publication of a specific scientific work has on society are discussed. It is argued that altmetrics are complementary to the traditional system of counting citations, and can be used in much broader contexts.

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:37 +0200

Próximas

Document database managed with WinIsis on Dropbox

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:28 +0200

Description of an integration of Unesco's WinIsis database management system, with Dropbox acting as a "virtual hard disk" on the cloud. The case of Facso, a database of the minutes of the Board of the Faculty of Social Sciences, and other documents, is studied. Various routing options are shown, even incorporating the old executables .bat from Ms-dos. This has been tested on Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 8 64-bit using Oracle's virtual box, PC, notebook and 32-bit netbook.

Image description in stock photography agencies

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:18 +0200

Digital images are all around and their number increases every day. However, this growing volume contrasts with a poor description in the vast majority of cases. The value of a picture to illustrate the original event, or to be used in other contexts or situations, is based on an appropriate description. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the difficulties encountered in describing images by categorizing them and the agencies, specifying uses, and exemplifying descriptive differences. The implementation of these recommendations improves the quality of records, helps in successful retrieval, and increases positive evaluations of web sites by clients and users.

Reconstruction and activation of the artistic heritage with audiovisual technology. Experience of Taüll 1123

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:43:07 +0200

With the aim of preserving artistic heritage, in the past museums have removed paintings and furniture from the places they were created for. Over the decades the curators of these places have begun to request that these artistic works be returned, conscious of the significance that many of these works now have. Some institutions and museums have responded to these requests by providing copies of the original works. Traditionally these copies were handmade but now digital resources are used, such as audiovisual technology. The project Taüll 1123 (Lleida, Spain) is an example of the use of these new tools for the benefit of the artistic heritage and its visitors.

Encoding and mapping news. Applying digital humanities methods to research on journalism in the Modern age

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:57 +0200

Digital humanities offer new possibilities to do historical research on journalism in the Modern age. Based on the so-called digital history techniques and methods, we suggest a need to find new, uniform strategies that use the most commonly used standards and protocols in the international scholarly community, so we can construct digitally tagged corpora for future systematic analysis. We review the traditional criteria used to describe newssheets, using the concept of seriality and propose a customized xml/TEI schema to codify this type of texts. We present the preliminary results of the mapping of the news flow networks in the Modern age in Europe. Finally, the conclusions shed some light on the relevance and benefits of applying digital humanities tools to the study of the first European manifestations of what was to become known as ‘journalism’.

From consumer to prosumer: legal liabilities of informers

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:48 +0200

The emerging web 2.0 context is characterized, among other circumstances, by the increasing relative importance of the internet users. These ones have additionally changed from being mere consumers of contents to real producers, i.e. prosumers. Social networks are a particularly suitable environment for the arising of new communication modalities and possibilities. This report focuses on the phenomenon of informers, a kind of anonymous platforms that emerged in early 2013 in Spain, initially supported by the social network Facebook. The report examines their origins and explanatory causes, and also the potential legal liabilities that could reach their administrators, content generators or participants through the I like button or additional comments, taking into account the current both national and international legislation.

Journalistic multiskilling in news agencies. A comparative study between three different models: ACN, EFE and Europa Press

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:40 +0200

This research studies the professional profiles of journalists in the three main news agencies in Catalonia by comparing the multitasking of the Catalan News Agency (ACN) to the specialization of Catalan offices of the Spanish EFE and Europa Press (EP). Although still controversial, the ACN has a more cost efficient organization working with multiskilled employees, i.e. journalists that have to carry out different tasks simultaneously, in comparison to EFE and EP that employ journalists, photographers and cameras giving more priority to the quality of the final product.

Critical training of mass media information scientists

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:26 +0200

This study takes the old myth of objectivity in the media discourse to one of the most relevant and unperceived actors of the process of its construction: the mass media information scientist or documentalist. Accepting the subjective presence of the documentalist in his/her productions, this article opts for the recognition and explicit statement of it through two actions: first, the review of the training process of mass media documentalists in public higher education institutions in such a way that technical training and critical training are combined. For this, we analyze the subjects in the syllabi of the their education programs in order to detect the deficiencies according to the objectives of the study. Finally, we propose alternative lines of training that can contribute to the transversal inclusion of critical training of mass media documentalists in those programs.

A view of digital humanities through its centers

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:18 +0200

Digital humanities (DH) have adopted different institutional forms in academia (centers, networks, projects, etc.). This study addresses the current state of DH through an analysis of its centers, as reported by the association CenterNet. We analysed websites, missions and social media presence of the centers in order to provide an overall picture. Results show a remarkable heterogeneity in the way DH are organised. Finally, some of the most debated issues (for instance, the borders of the field, problems of inclussion and exclusion, or a new cultural colonialism) are discussed.

Online paleography courses: inheritance, constraints, achievements and proposals

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:10 +0200

Nine digital courses on deciphering and reading palaeography are analysed. The study focuses on their goals, taking into account the borrowings inherited from the previous educational materials. The article begins explaining the main terminology. Later, it summarizes the characteristics of the traditional system of learning palaeography, since the current online systems are based on it. The aim of this retrospective view is to determine which achievements belongs to the ancient system. Finally the advantages and the virtues of the new learning systems are discussed.

Digital epigraphy: 3D low-cost technology for epigraphy digitalization and widespreading of the results

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:42:00 +0200

The possibilities of image based modeling (IBM) as a 3D scanning technique for modeling low cost Roman inscriptions are analyzed. The study has been carried out at the National Museum of Archaeology (Madrid), where various Roman inscriptions (on stone, bronze and clay) were examined. The results obtained have proved to be excellent as related to the study and widespreading of this type of historical documentation. The 3D Roman inscriptions can be incorporated into digital epigraphy projects in progress, allowing access via personal computers and mobile devices, without extra costs to researchers.

On numbers and freedom

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:50 +0200

After many years of relatively slow progress, the field of research assessment and discovery has begun to change rapidly. As scholars adopt the web for scholarly communication, more and more sources of information about research impact are becoming available, and at much greater global scale and coverage, and openness than before. This article discusses these trends, highlights the major players and ongoing work, and points at future directions.

Cyberinfrastructure for digital humanities: an opportunity for technological development for academic library

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:40 +0200

The central role that technology centers play in the consolidation of digital humanities (DH) is highlighted. For the library and information science area, and particularly for academic and research libraries, working with DH is a strategic opportunity to enhance their cyberinfrastructure. It is argued that to consolidate DH in Spain it is necessary to provide technology centers specific for the humanities and social sciences.

Evaluadores de la revista El profesional de la información 2013-2014

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:32 +0200

Profesionales

Agenda

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:25 +0200

Congresos,

Augmented reality in television and proposed application to document management systems

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:16 +0200

Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that uses different devices to incorporate digital information (virtual or real) into information obtained from a real-life environment, thereby providing additional information. We examine how AR can contribute to the dissemination and uptake of content from audiovisual and television companies. We try to find solutions in the management of audiovisual documentation in information units. First, a state of the art description of AR is provided from different points of view. Applications that are emerging to apply RA to television media are described. Finally the changes that should be implemented in the management of visual, audio and text (or hypertext) information to benefit from AR are discussed.

Linked data of publications, projects and computational tools for digital humanities researchers: the pilot catalogue of the Clarin IULA-UPF Center

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:41:07 +0200

Digital humanities researchers experience some difficulties in accessing and using computational tools which are meant to assist them when carrying out queries of texts analysis in their studies. This is due to the fact that information concerning tools in this field and their effective usage is not linked to the information about their location and utilization. Clarin IULA-UPF Center aims at compiling and relating required information in a catalogue of linked data in order to offer researchers an integrated way of accessing it. This article presents details about the design and selection of the materials and description tools included in the catalogue.

Contributions of a school book club to encourage reading for pleasure

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:58 +0200

Currently one of the main challenges in the work of promoting reading in schools is the cultivation of children's enjoyment of reading. We present a unique case study in a school reading club in Spain that has managed to achieve that goal and has received a very positive assessment from participants. The reasons for its success mainly reside in four key areas: planning, dialogic reading, critical thinking and values education.

News overload in Spain: the role of demographic characteristics, news interest, and consumer paying behavior

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:50 +0200

This article explores attributes that correlate with the perception of news overload and the extent to which Spaniards feel overloaded, or not, with the amount of news available. Specifically, this study explores the following attributes: demographics (age, gender, and income), news interest, and consumer paying behavior for online news. The research methods employ a quantitative, explorative approach with data collected from an online survey of 1,439 Spanish adults, 18 years and older, in January 2013.Finally, managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.

Criteria for evaluation and implementation of web information sources in news media libraries

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:42 +0200

The documentary criteria that researchers and professionals think are essential for assessing Internet information sources and for implementing these sources in news libraries are presented. Results of a Delphi study conducted in 2013 with eight experts in news librarianship and a survey of 81 news librarians working in Spanish media are discussed. Aspects such as the impact of digital sources on news libraries, their frequency of use, the type of resource searched, and the consequences for professional routines in these centres are analyzed. 86.4% of respondents use the Internet every day to search for information. Documentation centres of the Spanish mainstream media have not established a policy for the selection of information sources on the Web.

Are libraries sustainable in a world of free, networked, digital information?

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:33 +0200

Social museums: social media profiles in Twitter and Facebook 2012-2013

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:25 +0200

The results of a study on the development of a museum-2.0 or social museums and the communication between these organizations and their virtual visitors are presented. We based it on an analysis of the social media profiles of major museums and art centers in San Francisco, London and Madrid. Tracking and monitoring of these profiles was performed from December 2012 to December 2013. In this study, not only is it important how many followers or how many profiles are used in online media communication, but also the communication and curatorial strategies that these institutions apply. We explore the possible development of dialogue spaces, interaction, participation and creation that move toward the idea of a complete virtual and social museum.

The generation of large networks from Web of Science data

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:16 +0200

During the 1990s, one of us developed a series of freeware routines (http://www.leydesdorff.net/indicators) that enable the user to organize downloads from the Web of Science (Thomson Reuters) into a relational database, and then to export matrices for further analysis in various formats (for example, for co-author analysis). The basic format of the matrices displays each document as a case in a row that can be attributed different variables in the columns. One limitation to this approach was hitherto that relational databases typically have an upper limit for the number of variables, such as 256 or 1024. In this brief communication we report on a way to circumvent this limitation by using txt2Pajek.exe, available as freeware from http://www.pfeffer.at/txt2pajek

Meloda, a metric to assess open data reuse

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:40:07 +0200

Current policies demanding an increase in transparency, open government and smart cities share open data publication as one of their basic pillars. However, there is a limited availability of mechanisms to assess the use and value of this information. The goal of this paper is to present a new metric, Meloda, that qualifies the information and helps to assess its reusability. Meloda’s four dimensions are described: technical standards, access, legal considerations, and data model. Finally Meloda’s assessment process is explained.

Big data transforms the interpretation of the social media

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:39:59 +0200

In the information society where the volume of data grows exponentially, the blossoming of the big data has had an impact on several fields. The popularity of the expression has blurred the outlines of the concept that not only insists on the size but also on the value of the collected and processed data. Social media, which are characterized by a rapid expansion and by the diversity of interactions and contents that circulate in them, have been incorporated to the big data studies to become resource of useful data for researchers, organizations and companies. This paper observes the typical singularities of the social media analysis inside the big data and, after scrutinizing existing measuring tools, reflects on the opportunity and the necessity of a solution to examine trends and the impact of the profiles that get to set extensive networks.

Big data technologies for fast image retrieval and analysis in web environments

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:39:50 +0200

This paper addresses web analytics from an images perspective, using big data technologies. Images are increasingly present on the web, and therefore any web analysis must consider them. The huge volume of available images requires the use of large computation infrastructures in order to generate this kind of analysis, as well as specific computer vision algorithms. Big data technologies are discussed that can be used for large-scale image processing. In addition, a novel distributed algorithm is proposed that can efficiently retrieve images from an online collection at low computational cost. This algorithm can be used in web analysis or future research requiring detailed image study, without requiring any special hardware.

Big data and web analytics. Studying the currents and fishing in an ocean of data

Scipedia content — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 12:39:41 +0200

A tour is provided of the features, possibilities, scientific, technical and technologies that are collected under the interdisciplinary umbrella of big data and web analytics from the point of view of its application in practice. A reflection is offered about the challenges, risks and problems that the tools and data cannot resolve on their own, as well as the contexts in which these data processing techniques are useful for decision making.

A localized mapped damage model for orthotropic materials

María Jesús Samper — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 11:13:11 +0200

This paper presents an implicit orthotropic model based on the Continuum Damage Mechanics isotropic models. A mapping relationship is established between the behaviour of the anisotropic material and that of an isotropic one. The proposed model is used to simulate the failure loci of common orthotropic materials, such as masonry, fibre-reinforced composites and wood. The damage model is combined with a crack-tracking technique to reproduce the propagation of localized cracks in the discrete FE problem. The proposed numerical model is used to simulate the mixed mode fracture in masonry members with different orientations of the brick layers.

Computational Modeling and Sub-Grid Scale Stabilization of Incompressibility and Convection in the Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding Processes

María Jesús Samper — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 11:01:27 +0200

This paper deals with the computational modeling and sub-grid scale stabilization of incompressibility and convection in the numerical simulation of the material flow around the probe tool in a friction stir welding (FSW) process. Within the paradigmatic framework of the multiscale stabilization methods, suitable pressure and convective derivative of the temperature sub-grid scale stabilized coupled thermomechanical formulations have been developed using an Eulerian description. Norton-Hoff and Sheppard-Wright thermo-rigid-viscoplastic constitutive material models have been considered. Constitutive equations for the sub-grid scale models have been proposed and an approximation of the sub-grid scale variables has been given. In particular, algebraic sub-grid scale (ASGS) and orthogonal sub-grid scale (OSGS) methods for mixed velocity, pressure and temperature P1/P1/P1 linear elements have been considered. Furthermore, it has been shown that well known classical stabilized formulations, such as the Galerkin least-squares (GLS) for incompressible (or quasi-incompressible) problems or the Streamline Upwind/Petrov-Galerkin (SUPG) method for convection dominant problems, can be recovered as particular cases of the multiscale stabilization framework considered. Using a product formula algorithm for the solution of the coupled thermomechanical problem, the resulting algebraic system of equations has been solved using a staggered procedure in which a mechanical problem, defined by the linear momentum balance equation, under quasi-static conditions, and the incompressibility equation, is solved first at constant temperature. Then a thermal problem, defined by the energy balance equation, is solved keeping constant the mechanical variables, i.e. velocity and pressure. The computational model has been implemented in an enhanced version of the finite element software COMET, developed by the authors at the International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE). Two numerical examples have been considered. The first one deals with the numerical simulation of a coupled thermomechanical flow in a 2D rectangular domain. Steady-state and transient conditions have been considered. The goal of this numerical example has been the comparison between different sub-grid scale stabilization methods for the velocity and temperature equations. In particular, using a GLS stabilization method for the pressure equation, a comparison between SUPG and OSGS convective stabilization methods has been performed. Additionally, using a SUPG stabilization method for the temperature equation, a comparison between GLS and OSGS pressure stabilization methods has been done. The second example deals with the 3D numerical simulation of a representative FSW process. Numerical results obtained have been compared with experimental results available in the literature. A good agreement on the temperature distribution has been obtained and predicted peak temperatures compare well, both in value and position, with the experimental results available.

Comparison of a Fluid and a Solid Approach for the Numerical Simulation of Friction Stir Welding with a Non‐Cylindrical Pin

María Jesús Samper — Mon, 08 Apr 2019 10:47:29 +0200

Friction stir welding (FSW) process is a solid‐state joining process during which materials to be joined are not melted. As a consequence, the heat‐affected zone is smaller and the quality of the weld is better with respect to more classical welding processes. Because of extremely high strains in the neighborhood of the tool, classical numerical simulation techniques have to be extended in order to track the correct material deformations. The Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) formulation is used to preserve a good mesh quality throughout the computation. With this formulation, the mesh displacement is independent from the material displacement. Moreover, some advanced numerical techniques such as remeshing or a special computation of transition interface is needed to take into account non‐cylindrical tools. During the FSW process, the behavior of the material in the neighborhood of the tool is at the interface between solid mechanics and fluid mechanics. Consequently, a numerical model of the FSW process based on a solid formulation is compared to another one based on a fluid formulation. It is shown that these two formulations essentially deliver the same results in terms of pressures and temperatures.

Information management in organizations: 2013 perspectives and trends

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 16:24:25 +0200

In the coming years, personal and organizational information environments will undergo a thorough transformation, of which the following aspects must be emphasized: digital connection management by individuals or work teams, the types of market that exist in relation to big data and the use of these for knowledge creation, the interaction between an organization’s digital space and physical space, and the role of human beings and machines in all of these arenas. The response to these questions will depend to a great extent on what the organizations can discern from an environment riddled with technological innovations and information content, generated at high speed by multiple actors with very diverse interests.

Libraries in 2014: 10 recipes to continue innovating

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 16:23:51 +0200

Based on the idea of a just-in-time library, not just-in-case, and a shift from supply to demand as the engine of management, 10 library innovation actions are proposed. Examples of these actions are: Less is more; Don't buy, rent; No storage for just-in-case; Discard old habits and concepts; Make your library visible, etc.

Professional profiles of the community manager and content curator: similarities and differences

Scipedia content — Tue, 02 Apr 2019 16:22:57 +0200

The current situation in Spain of the professional profiles of community manager and content curator is analyzed by considering the following aspects: established profile versus emerging profile, definitions, core objectives (community and content) and three posible relationship scenarios: assumption of content curator duties by community managers, differentiated profiles and hybrid profiles.

Reseñas de informes: Sistemas de información

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:53:05 +0200

Análisis

Quién es quien

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:57 +0200

Breve

2013 en 50 noticias

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:50 +0200

Resumen

Tools for the analysis and development of strategies for search engine optimization

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:43 +0200

The article reviews the most pressing needs of information professionals regarding search engine optimization (SEO), focusing on the evolution of the discipline in recent years. A wide range of factors need to be considered in ranking a piece of information in the calculation of its value to a question or query on a search engine like Google. Given the need for more weapons with which to improve website sin more diverse areas of knowledge, 88tools for working in the field of search engine optimization are listed and classified, along with content management modules and seminal articles on the subject.

Teaching social technologies literacy for empowerment and everyday life

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:36 +0200

Numerous social-oriented collaborative technologies, called social technologies, are presented within the framework of digital literacy. They have an impact in the empowerment and self-organization of individuals and groups as they set their own goals and increase their influence in public opinion. These digital platforms also help to obtain practical outcomes by new forms of interchange

Libraries and the ROPO effect

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:28 +0200

The ROPO effect (research online, purchase offline) corresponds to the process by which customers first search for information on the web and then finalize the transaction in a physical store. Like “showrooming”, the opposite trend, ROPO is a natural and common human behaviour that will not die off as digital consumer culture continues to evolve. Libraries can benefit from these practices if they are able to align their contents with user needs, offer library web sites with a user-centred design, and improve the user-experience. In this way, users can search for information on Internet, find and evaluate their library’s contents, and then go to the physical library to use its collections and services.

Library selections and recommendations of native mobile applications

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:21 +0200

Libraries have traditionally selected and recommended books, music, and movies. Mobile apps can also be readily included, thus extending library services by offering users more content, resources and services in different formats. Some basic ideas to tackle the discovery, selection and recommendation of native mobile apps are addressed in this text. Processes, information sources, selection criteria to be take ninto account, and what information to provide to the users are also defined.

The history of the #hashtag

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:13 +0200

The hashtag, a phrase that is highlighted by preceding it with a hash symbol (#), is already 6 years old. People use it on a massive scale in social media, with two objectives: to tag (or label) conversations and content, and to identify communities. It can be used also as a rhetorical element in activism, marketing, or just for amusement. Recent research highlights its value as a predictive system and for engaging the TV audience using Twitter. Some national and academic libraries are storing and preserving hashtags for future research.

Advances in library management systems in response to the new challenges for their collections

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:52:06 +0200

Libraries now have the challenge of managing a wide variety of materials, from books and journals on paper to the existing range of electronic resources. Information is packaged in various forms, and libraries must sign on to big deals as well as acquire single titles, single articles, open access works, ebooks, etc. Integrated library systems (ILS) are improving little by little to help in these tasks; various brands and models are cited.

Information gaps in open data in Spain

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:58 +0200

This paper studies how public statistical data are becoming open in the catalogs of Spain’s central and regional governments. It starts with the hypothesis that documentary treatment is insufficient, especially if we consider that statistics are particularly relevant in the open data world. This paper examines three issues regarding official statistics: what meets the requirements required of open data, how data can be found in the catalogs, and whether they can be properly understood ahead of reuse. These three aspects involvedefining open data and public statistics, considering whether it is possible to identify the statistical information in the portals, and finally determining if the documentary treatment allows reuse with guarantees. The results show a wide disparity, both in the form of designating the statistical information (findability) and how to offer it (accessibility). Therefore, a portal can increase data dispersion when they are recovered. Furthermore, only some portals describe datasets so that they are readily intelligible. We conclude with the need to concentrate efforts or at least coordinate actions with respect to the supply of open data in Spain.

Practical aspects of open government data projects

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:50 +0200

Publishing open data managed by public administrations is beginning to be considered a strategic action for social and economic development. The legislative and policy support on this issue should be complemented by practical considerations related to certain technical aspects. These aspects have a nimpact on the descriptive metadata datasets of specialized catalogs, the use of open formats and the need to consider open data projects in the cycle of information in organizations. Open data is a source of innovation and new business models that requires efficient mechanisms for locating datasets and tools to access and reuse them.

Communities and networks: the uncertainty principle

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:43 +0200

To explore the relative failure of libraries in the social we, the ideas of community and networking are compared, considering the associated concepts of cognitive surplus and network behavior aswell. The environment is one of a changing universe of almost instant obsolescence, where everything is for sale -especially to users, who give up their privacy. The conclusion: the keys to unlock the language of the network must be mastered in order to take advantage of the benefits and confront potential threats.

Visualization in information retrieval: Standards, trends and limitations

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:36 +0200

The evolution of the information retrieval discipline has not been sensitive to developing the display of results. In many cases, the results presentation is as important as the selection of the retrieved documents in satisfying the user’s information needs. However, it is possible to identify a number of standard models and certain trends in the visual presentation of results in a retrieval system. This study analyzed the patterns and trends and established a series of requirements (architectural and semantic) as a guide for improving the functionality of visualization tools in the retrieval processes.

Information technologies and systems

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:28 +0200

In a review of the main developments and trends during 2013 in the field of information technology and systems, relevant changes and initiatives of main technology corporations (Apple, Google, Microsoft) are shown and their impact on applications and cloud computing services is discussed. The deploymentof user experience platforms in web content management is also examined. The ISO standardization activity and main W3C recommendations are summarized. Finally, the review analyzes the incorporation of information discovery and entity search techniques into search and information retrieval processes.

Reseñas de informes: Mercado, industria y sector información

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:20 +0200

Análisis

Borrowing library e-books: between reality and desire

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:12 +0200

Libraries want to lend e-books, but they are finding many problems in doing this. This paper reviews the main obstacles that libraries have to face when lending e-books. First of all, the article describes the differences in the digital publishing market around the world, but there isn’t only one global situation regarding this topic. Further barriers placed by providers and publishers, which make it difficult to lend e-books, are also analyzed. Criteria that libraries should follow in order to acquire and lend e-books to their patrons are listed. Finally, the Cielo model of e-lending in the libraries of the University of Salamanca is explained.

New trends in academic ebooks

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:51:05 +0200

The ebook has established itself in recent years thanks to a confluence of factors. One is the innovations in information technology, which have produced more ergonomic and functional reading devices and changed the reading practices of an important sector of the population. Another is the increased number of titles offered, both general and specialized. In the sciences, these developments have found an increasingly important niche market because of the benefits that electronic publishing provides to improve scientific communication, wherein continuous updating and renewal are very important criteria. Ebooks have given rise to new business and publishing models that have generated a number of trends: open access, unbundling content and publishing on the web, interoperability, editing in the cloud, open proceses, continuous improvements, and the social systems that are integrated into ebook readers.

The decline of social ROI

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:50:58 +0200

In the context of managing social media, metrics showing only financial return on investment (ROI) are losing ground to those that show social media’s primary value as a powerful platform for audience-building and customer relations and conversations. Well-known marketing associations are proposing indicators to monitor the value of Reach, Activity, Engagement, Competitive Analysis, and Sentiment in measuring the relationship in social media between the brand (e.g., libraries) and the users.

Active audiences, democracy and algorithms

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:50:52 +0200

The Internet has shaken the foundations of regulatory practices in journalism. Audiences take a more active role and the media have opened their doors to citizen participation. The decision about what is and is not worth showing no longer rests exclusively in the hands of journalists. At the same time, the media have more information than ever about citizen interests. As a result, journalists experience an unsteady balance between journalistic and business logic, between the public interest and the public’s interest.

The loss of journalistic information value: causes and consequences

Scipedia content — Mon, 01 Apr 2019 10:50:45 +0200

The exchange value of journalistic information is deteriorating. This phenomenon affects both the industrial basis and the social and democratic functions of journalism. This paper analyses the causes and effects. The first is related to the abundance of information, the lack of credibility and the absence of a solid digital business model. The second suggests a scenario accentuated by the reduction of quality, the fragility of journalistic business, the concentration of the audience, the weakening of the journalistic profession, and less social relevance. These effects suggest the need to explore new channels to recover the value of journalistic information in the digital scenario.