Documents published in 2002 : Scipedia

Protectionist High-Flyers : Special Interest Politics in the Airline Industry of the European Union
C. Kraft

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 7

Abstract
This thesis argues that formal liberalization of service sectors is only a necessary but not a sufficient condition for increased competition. Service providers demand and governments supply providers with a certain level of protection, particularly in the form of financial state aid. On the basis of rent seeking and collective action considerations I argue that the level of protection partly depends upon the political power of established providers who defend their dominant position against potential rivals. These considerations are directly applied to the air transport sector of the European Union and empirically tested by means of ordered logit regression models. The results support the theoretical expectation that protectionism and hence the gap between liberalization and competition prevails particularly in markets where governments and airlines are closely connected in terms of equity stakes and personnel.
Abstract
This thesis argues that formal liberalization of service sectors is only a necessary but not a sufficient condition for increased competition. Service providers demand and [...]
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Realistic airspace simulation through the use of visual and aural cues
R. Thien

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 6

Abstract
The increase in air traffic volume within the National Airspace System has prompted the Federal Aviation Administration to explore more efficient methods of conducting Air Traffic Control. Toward this end, a project to develop Simultaneous Non-Interfering (SNI) Routes for rotary wing aircraft has been undertaken. In order to develop these routes with an appropriate level of safety, the ability of a rotary wing pilot to fly an assigned path with the aid of Global Positioning System navigational equipment must be evaluated. This evaluation must be conducted initially in a simulated environment. So as to record the most accurate human performance data possible, the simulated airspace must be as close to reality as possible. The goal of this thesis is to accurately simulate the airspace for use in the development of SNI routes. In order to create a realistic simulated flying environment the performance and visual presentation of other air traffic was made to perform as they do in the real world. In addition, the radio transmissions heard by the simulator pilot were designed with both timeliness and accuracy with regard to the air traffic scenario. Through the use of these visual and aural cues, a realistic airspace simulation was created. http://archive.org/details/realisticirspace109455831 Major, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Abstract
The increase in air traffic volume within the National Airspace System has prompted the Federal Aviation Administration to explore more efficient methods of conducting Air [...]
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Enhancing the situational awareness of airfield local controllers
S. Mowery

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 5

Abstract
In recent years, a number of near midair collisions has shed light on the increased likelihood of mishaps that are partly attributable to traffic density. In air traffic control operations, situational awareness of a local controller at an airfield such as Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton, California, is critical to prevention of catastrophic midair collisions. Spatialized audio technology has the potential to reduce or eliminate temporary losses of situational awareness. Spatialized audio technology allows auditory icons to be presented at perceptual locations external to the head at a complete range of elevation and azimuth locations relative to the listener. This thesis investigates the use of these spatialized auditory icons to determine if they could be effectively implemented in air traffic control type tasks to benefit local controllers. The research was conducted in the Advanced Auditory Displays Laboratory at NPS. A scenario to exemplify typical airfield operations at Camp Pendleton was written using javabased computer code. A virtual tower environment was created with a head mounted video display, inertial head tracker, and a spatialized audio server. Results indicated that subjects of the experiment responded more rapidly and accurately using spatialized audio. http://archive.org/details/enhancingsituati109454779 Major, United States Marine Corps Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Abstract
In recent years, a number of near midair collisions has shed light on the increased likelihood of mishaps that are partly attributable to traffic density. In air traffic control [...]
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İstanbul’da Taksi Araçlarının Tasarım Problemlerine Bir Yaklaşım
B. Bakanay

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 5

Abstract
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2003 Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2003 Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’da taksi araçları, tasarım açısından eleştirel bir gözle analiz edilmiştir. Tasarım araştırma metodolojilerinden yararlanılarak bir anket çalışması yapılmasına karar verilmiş, araştırmanın amacına ve literatürdeki tasarım araştırma metodolojisine uygun olarak oluşturulan anket formu, istatistiksel olarak hedeflenen anlam düzeyine uygun sayıda bir örneklem büyüklüğü ile İstanbul’daki taksi sürücülerine uygulanmıştır. Anket çalışması sonucunda elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak sınanmış, mevcut durum tespiti yanında eğilimler ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Taksi aracı olarak kullanılan binek taşıtların taksi aracında olması gerektiği düşünülen özellikleri tam olarak karşılamadığı savı test edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Örneklem içindeki çeşitli grupların birbirlerinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farkları olup olmadığı da test edilmiştir. Literatür taraması ile daha önce konu hakkında yapılan çalışmalara ulaşılmaya çalışılmış, diğer ülkelerdeki uygulamalar ve düzenlemeler incelenmiştir. Taksi aracı kullanıcıları yanında, taşıt üreticisi ve pazarlayıcısı firmaların konu hakkındaki yaklaşımını öğrenmek amacıyla seçilen firma yetkilileri ile görüşülmüştür. Sonuçların kısmen hipotezi doğrular şekilde ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. In this study the taxi cabs in Istanbul is analyzed from a design point of view. Based on the design research methodology, the use of a questionnaire is decided. The questionnaire that is prepared according to the research aim and design research methodology in the literature, is applied to the taxi cab drivers in Istanbul with a sample size appropriate to the aimed statistical confidence level. The data collected after the questionnaire, is statistically tested; beside the determination of the present situation, stating the tendencies is aimed as well. The hypothesis of the lack of the features -that are thought that should be in the taxi cabs- in the passenger cars which are used as the taxi cars, is tried to be tested. The difference between different groups in the sample is tried to be tested in the aimed statistical confidence level, as well. With the literature research, the studies made on the subject and the applications and regulations in different countries are researched. Beside the drivers, to find out the approach of producers and marketers of the vehicles, interviews are made with the chosen firms. It’s observed that the results were partially justifying the hypothesis. Yüksek Lisans M.Sc.
Abstract
Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2003 Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, [...]
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Multipath based traffic engineering in MPLS networks
İ. Hökelek

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 4

Abstract
Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (M.S.): Bilkent University, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2002. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-82). by İbrahim Hökelek. M.S.
Abstract
Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (M.S.): Bilkent University, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering , İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2002. [...]
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Study of promising points to install road-rail intermodal container terminals in the state of São Paulo
R. Tiago

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 3

Abstract
Este trabalho visa identificar, a partir de um levantamento de dados dos fluxos de cargas conteinerizadas e custos operacionais de transporte, os locais mais promissores para a instalação de futuros terminais intermodais de carga rodo-ferroviários, com auxílio de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (TransCAD), objetivando a redução dos custos e otimização das operações logísticas envolvidas na rede de transportes do estado de São Paulo. Simulações são feitas para a instalação de até dez terminais intermodais rodo-ferroviários em pontos estratégicos do interior do Estado, considerando-se duas condições: a primeira com um terminal existente só em Santos e todos os pontos candidatos escolhidos pelo modelo de localização das p-medianas do TransCAD e, a segunda, considerando-se, além de Santos, os oito terminais intermodais já existentes no Estado. Apresenta-se uma análise dos custos de rede e os mapas temáticos de áreas de influência de cada uma das soluções obtidas pelo modelo. Os resultados são comparados com o trabalho de TONDO (1992). Conclui-se que as soluções encontradas através de um novo enfoque de modelagem do problema, são significativamente diferentes daqueles propostos por TONDO (1992). Based on a data collection of containerized cargo flows and operational transport costs, this study has the objective of identifying promising points to install future road-rail intermodal container terminals, using a Geographic Information System (TransCAD) and the objective function of reducing costs and optimising logistic operations on the transport network of the state of São Paulo. Simulations are presented for the instalation of up to ten road-rail intermodal terminals at strategic locations in the interior of the State, considering two conditions: the first one, with only one terminal placed at the port of Santos and all the candidate points beeing chosen by the p-median location model of TransCAD, and the second one, considering Santos and the other eight existing intermodal terminals in the State. An analysis of the network costs and thematic maps of the influence areas of each solution are presented. The results are compared with the study by TONDO (1992). It is concluded that the solutions obtained by this new modeling focus of the problem, are considerably different from the ones obtained by TONDO (1992).
Abstract
Este trabalho visa identificar, a partir de um levantamento de dados dos fluxos de cargas conteinerizadas e custos operacionais de transporte, os locais mais promissores para [...]
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Um estudo sobre a obtenção de qualidade de serviço Fim-a-Fim em redes IP com Diffserv e engenharia de tráfego baseada em MPLS
A. Oliveira Júnior

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 2

Abstract
O surgimento de novas aplicações na Internet, tais como voz sobre IP (VoIP), ensino a distância interativo, realidade virtual, videoconferência, etc, impõe a necessidade de garantias de qualidade de serviço (QoS - Quality of Service) fim-a-fim. Tais aplicações exigem limites no atraso, sua variação (jitter) e nas perdas de pacotes. O modelo de serviço atual da Internet não possibilita a obtenção dos requisitos de QoS mencionados. Assim sendo, o modelo DifIServ quando combinado com a engenharia de tráfego, provida pelo MPLS pode fornecer uma arquitetura apropriada para assegurar garantias de QoS às aplicações. Neste trabalho, considera-se um ambiente de rede, onde os tráfegos multimídia oriundos de um ISP local são classificados na borda da rede backbone em sub-classes de tráfego definidas pelo DiffServ. Em seguida, estes tráfegos são mapeados em diferentes LSPs (Labei Swiched Paths) com diferentes características de vazão, atraso e jitter. Por meio de modelagem e simulação demonstra-se que o MPLS com a Engenharia de Tráfego combinado com o DiffServ garante os limites requeridos pelas aplicações multimídia para os parâmetros de tráfego e de QoS. Currently, the Internet provides only best-effort Service that treats packets equally, and recently new kinds of distributed applications, like Internet telephony, video conferencing, video-on-demand have been developed which are sensitive to the end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) received from the network. Such applications demand limits in the de-lay, jitter and packet loss. The DiffServ model when combined with Traffic Engineering can provide a suitable architecture for ensuring end-to-end QoS guarantees to several kinds of applications. MPLS is emerging to be the choice for the core network applying multi-service networks, and providing Traffic Engineering. In this work, the following environment is considered: in the network edge, the packets are classified in sub-classes of traffic defined by the DiffServ, with different types of delay, jitter and throughput characteristics. In the MPLS backbone, these sub-classes of traffic are mapped in the different Labei Switched Paths (LSPs). This work proposes to show through modelling and simulation, Traffic Engineering over MPLS combined with DiffServ guarantees, the limits required by multimedia applications to the parameters of traffic and QoS. Dissertação (Mestrado) Document type: Doctoral thesis
Abstract
O surgimento de novas aplicações na Internet, tais como voz sobre IP (VoIP), ensino a distância interativo, realidade virtual, videoconferência, etc, impõe a necessidade [...]
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Modeling Transportation Problems Using Concepts of Swarm Intelligence and Soft Computing
P. Lucic

Collection of open thesis in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 2

Abstract
Many real-world problems could be formulated in a way to fit the necessary form for discrete optimization. Discrete optimization problems can be solved by numerous different techniques that have developed over time. Some of the techniques provide optimal solution(s) to the problem and some of them give â good enoughâ solution(s). The fundamental reason for developing techniques capable of producing solutions that are not necessarily optimal is the fact that many discrete optimization problems are NP-complete. Metaheuristic algorithms are a common name for a set of general-purpose techniques developed to provide solution(s) to the problems associated with discrete optimization. Mostly the techniques are based on natural metaphors. Discrete optimization could be applied to countless problems in transportation engineering. Recently, researchers started studying the behavior of social insects (ants) in an attempt to use the swarm intelligence concept to develop artificial systems with the ability to search a problemâ s solution space in a way that is similar to the foraging search by a colony of social insects. The development of artificial systems does not entail the complete imitation of natural systems, but explores them in search of ideas for modeling. This research is partially devoted to the development of a new system based on the foraging behavior of bee colonies â Bee System. The Bee System was tested through many instances of the Traveling Salesman Problem. Many transportation-engineering problems, besides being of combinatorial nature, are characterized by uncertainty. In order to address these problems, the second part of the research is devoted to development of the algorithms that combine the existing results in the area of swarm intelligence (The Ant System) and approximate reasoning. The proposed approach â Fuzzy Ant System is tested on the following two examples: Stochastic Vehicle Routing Problem and Schedule Synchronization in Public Transit. Ph. D.
Abstract
Many real-world problems could be formulated in a way to fit the necessary form for discrete optimization. Discrete optimization problems can be solved by numerous different [...]
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Pipeline Cross-Site Transfer Assessment for Tank 241-SY-101 Waste
S. Cooley, B. Wells, Y. Onishi, S. Hartley

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 19

Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of transferring waste now stored in Tank SY-101 in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site to a storage tank in 200 East Area through a 6.2-mile-long, 3-inch-diameter stainless steel pipeline. Using the Wasp slurry transport model, the critical velocity and expected pressure drop were calculated to determine 1) whether current SY-101 waste can be transferred through the existing cross-site transfer pipeline without additional dilution and, if it is not possible, how much dilution is needed.
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of transferring waste now stored in Tank SY-101 in the 200 West Area of the Hanford Site to a storage tank in 200 East Area through a [...]
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INTEC CPP-603 Basin Water Treatment System Closure: Process Design
W. Faultersack, J. Foster, R. Kimmitt, S. Berry

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 17

Abstract
This document describes the engineering activities that have been completed in support of the closure plan for the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC) CPP-603 Basin Water Treatment System. This effort includes detailed assessments of methods and equipment for performing work in four areas: 1. A cold (nonradioactive) mockup system for testing equipment and procedures for vessel cleanout and vessel demolition. 2. Cleanout of process vessels to meet standards identified in the closure plan. 3. Dismantlement and removal of vessels, should it not be possible to clean them to required standards in the closure plan. 4. Cleanout or removal of pipelines and pumps associated with the CPP-603 basin water treatment system. Cleanout standards for the pipes will be the same as those used for the process vessels.
Abstract
This document describes the engineering activities that have been completed in support of the closure plan for the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC) [...]
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Wax Point Determinations Using Acoustic Resonance Spectroscopy
R. Jubin

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 16

Abstract
The thermodynamic characterization of the wax point of a given crude is essential in order to maintain flow conditions that prevent plugging of undersea pipelines. This report summarizes the efforts made towards applying an Acoustic Cavity Resonance Spectrometer (ACRS) to the determination of pressures and temperatures at which wax precipitates from crude. Phillips Petroleum Company, Inc., the CRADA participant, supplied the ACRS. The instrumentation was shipped to Dr. Thomas Schmidt of ORNL, the CRADA contractor, in May 2000 after preliminary software development performed under the guidance of Dr. Samuel Colgate and Dr. Evan House of the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Upon receipt it became apparent that a number of modifications still needed to be made before the ACRS could be precisely and safely used for wax point measurements. This report reviews the sequence of alterations made to the ACRS, as well as defines the possible applications of the instrumentation once the modifications have been completed.
Abstract
The thermodynamic characterization of the wax point of a given crude is essential in order to maintain flow conditions that prevent plugging of undersea pipelines. This report [...]
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A load balancing scheme for congestion control in MPLS networks
E. Salvadori, R. Battiti

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 15

Abstract
In this paper we develop a Load Balancing scheme for networks based on the MPLS framework. The proposed algorithm (DYLBA - Dynamic Load Balancing Algorithm) implements a local search technique where the basic move is the modification of the route for a single Label Switched Path. Experiments under a dynamic traffic scenario show a reduced rejection probability especially with long-lived connection requests, thus providing a better use of resources when compared to existing constraint-based routing schemes for traffic engineering in MPLS networks.
Abstract
In this paper we develop a Load Balancing scheme for networks based on the MPLS framework. The proposed algorithm (DYLBA - Dynamic Load Balancing Algorithm) implements a local [...]
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STUDY OF TRANSPORTATION OF GTL PRODUCTS FROM ALASKAN NORTH SLOPE (ANS) TO MARKETS
G. Chukwu

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 14

Abstract
The Alaskan North Slope is one of the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the US where Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology can be successfully implemented. The proven and recoverable reserves of conventional natural gas in the developed and undeveloped fields in the Alaskan North Slope (ANS) are estimated to be 38 trillion standard cubic feet (TCF) and estimates of additional undiscovered gas reserves in the Arctic field range from 64 TCF to 142 TCF. Transportation of the natural gas from the remote ANS is the key issue in effective utilization of this valuable and abundance resource. The throughput of oil through the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) has been on decline and is expected to continue to decline in future. It is projected that by the year 2015, ANS crude oil production will decline to such a level that there will be a critical need for pumping additional liquid from GTL process to provide an adequate volume for economic operation of TAPS. The pumping of GTL products through TAPS will significantly increase its economic life. Transporting GTL products from the North Slope of Alaska down to the Marine terminal at Valdez is no doubt the great challenge facing the Gas to Liquids options of utilizing the abundant natural gas resource of the North Slope. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate and assess the economic feasibility of transporting GTL products through the TAPS. Material testing program for GTL and GTL/Crude oil blends was designed and implemented for measurement of physical properties of GTL products. The measurement and evaluation of the properties of these materials were necessary so as to access the feasibility of transporting such materials through TAPS under cold arctic conditions. Results of the tests indicated a trend of increasing yield strength with increasing wax content. GTL samples exhibited high gel strengths at temperatures as high as 20 F, which makes it difficult for cold restart following winter shutdowns. Simplified analytical models were developed to study the flow of GTL and GTL/crude oil blends through TAPS in both commingled and batch flow models. The economics of GTL transportations by either commingled or batching mode were evaluated. The choice of mode of transportation of GTL products through TAPS would depend on the expected purity of the product and a trade-off between loss in product value due to contamination and cost of keeping the product pure at the discharge terminal.
Abstract
The Alaskan North Slope is one of the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the US where Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) technology can be successfully implemented. The proven and recoverable [...]
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ENVIRONMENTAL BENIGN MITIGATION OF MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION (MIC)
J. Paterek

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 13

Abstract
The overall program objective is to develop and evaluate environmental benign agents or products that are effective in the prevention, inhibition, and mitigation of microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) in the internal surfaces of metallic natural gas pipelines. The goal is one or more environmental benign, a.k.a. ''green'' products that can be applied to maintain the structure and dependability of the natural gas infrastructure. The technical approach for this quarter has been to evaluate a number of real world pipeline sources for microbial communities or consortia that form biofilms under laboratory simulations of pipelines. The microorganisms will be identified using classical and molecular microbiological tools and there activities under pipeline simulating conditions will be studied. The quarter saw the collection of the first samples from the industry for isolation of the microorganisms, as well as the design and construction of the laboratory-scale pipeline simulators. Methods development for MIC and biofilm microbial isolations and identification, and laboratory design and construction of pipeline simulators were the only activities. At this stage of the study (first quarter), only preliminary results are available.
Abstract
The overall program objective is to develop and evaluate environmental benign agents or products that are effective in the prevention, inhibition, and mitigation of microbially [...]
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Competition in or for the Field: Which is Better?
A. Galetovic, R. Fischer, E. Engel

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 12

Abstract
In many circumstances, a principal, who wants prices to be as low as possible, must contract with agents who would like to charge the monopoly price. This paper compares a Demsetz auction, which awards an exclusive contract to the agent bidding the lowest price (competition for the field) with having two agents provide the good under (imperfectly) competitive conditions (competition in the field). We obtain a simple sufficient condition showing unambiguously which option is best. The condition depends only on the shapes of the surplus function of the principal and the profit function of agents, and is independent of the particular duopoly game played ex post. We apply this condition to three canonical examples -- procurement, royalty contracts and dealerships -- and find that whenever marginal revenue for the final good is decreasing in the quantity sold, a Demsetz auction is best. Moreover, a planner who wants to maximize social surplus also prefers a Demsetz auction.
Abstract
In many circumstances, a principal, who wants prices to be as low as possible, must contract with agents who would like to charge the monopoly price. This paper compares a [...]
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DETECTION OF UNAUTHORIZED CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT IN PIPELINE RIGHT-OF-WAYS
J. Huebler

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 11

Abstract
Natural gas transmission companies mark the right-of-way areas where pipelines are buried with warning signs to prevent accidental third-party damage. Nevertheless, pipelines are sometimes damaged by third-party construction equipment. A single incident can be devastating, causing death and millions of dollars of property loss. This damage would be prevented if potentially hazardous construction equipment could be detected, identified, and an alert given before the pipeline was damaged. The Gas Technology Institute (GTI) is developing a system to solve this problem by using an optical fiber as a distributed sensor and interrogating the fiber with a custom optical time domain reflectometer. Key issues are the ability to detect encroachment and the ability to discriminate among potentially hazardous and benign encroachments. The work continues on improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the technique. We are now able to detect weights sitting on the Hergalite fiber of as low as 0.2 pound. Detection of load fluctuations with frequencies greater than 1 Hertz is also possible. We have also purchased a brighter diode laser for use with the multimode fibers that should improve our sensitivity by a factor of ten.
Abstract
Natural gas transmission companies mark the right-of-way areas where pipelines are buried with warning signs to prevent accidental third-party damage. Nevertheless, pipelines [...]
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Air traffic management at Sydney with cancellations and curfew penalties
J. Filar, P. Manyem, M. Visser, K. White, P. Pardalos, V. Korotkikh

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 27

Abstract
Ground holding is the practice of keeping an aircraft grounded at its airport of origin if it is apparent that its destination airport would otherwise have insufficient capacity for the level of traffic. A basic ground holding model can be found in Navazio and Romanin-Jacur [7] (the NRJ model). Experimental results obtained by testing the NRJ model with generated schedules that resemble the traffic pattern at Sydney airport in Australia [5] indicate that delay reductions ranging from 11% to 19% may be achievable through the use of ground holding strategies. In this paper, we develop an enhanced model that includes additional features of air traffic at Sydney. Firstly, we allow a flight to be cancelled if its arrival would otherwise be delayed beyond a reasonable upper bound. Secondly, we discourage flight arrivals during the airportâs curfew hours by imposing a penalty for such arrivals. Using the AMPL and CPLEX packages, the NRJ and our enhanced model are tested under various weather scenarios with actual Sydney airport schedules for a busy weekday. The enhanced model performs better than the NRJ model for most weather scenarios. Furthermore, it produces a feasible solution for another scenario where the NRJ model does not. As the airport capacity drops, the enhanced model outperforms the NRJ model more significantly.
Abstract
Ground holding is the practice of keeping an aircraft grounded at its airport of origin if it is apparent that its destination airport would otherwise have insufficient capacity [...]
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The UK e-Science Core Programme and the Grid
T. Hey, A. Trefethen

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 22

Abstract
This paper describes the Â£ 120M UK 'e-Science' (http://www.research-councils.ac.uk/and http://www.escience-grid.org.uk) initiative and begins by defining what is meant by the term e-Science. The majority of the Â£ 120M, some Â£ 75M, is funding large-scale e-Science pilot projects in many areas of science and engineering. The infrastructure needed to support such projects must permit routine sharing of distributed and heterogeneous computational and data resources as well as supporting effective collaboration between groups of scientists. Such an infrastructure is commonly referred to as the Grid. Apart from Â£ 10M towards a Teraflop computer, the remaining funds, some Â£ 35M, constitute the e-Science 'Core Programme'. The goal of this Core Programme is to advance the development of robust and generic Grid middleware in collaboration with industry. The key elements of the Core Programme will be outlined including details of a UK e-Science Grid testbed. The pilot e-Science projects that have so far been announced are then briefly described. These projects span a range of disciplines from particle physics and astronomy to engineering and healthcare, and illustrate the breadth of the UK e-Science Programme. In addition to these major e-Science projects, the Core Programme is funding a series of short-term e-Science demonstrators across a number of disciplines as well as projects in network traffic engineering and some international collaborative activities. We conclude with some remarks about the need to develop a data architecture for the Grid that will allow federated access to relational databases as well as flat files.
Abstract
This paper describes the Â£ 120M UK 'e-Science' (http://www.research-councils.ac.uk/and http://www.escience-grid.org.uk) initiative and begins by defining what is meant [...]
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Multiobjective optimization of the transport in oil pipelines networks.
P. Blanco, J. Cruz, E. Porta, A. Herrán, B. Andres-Toro

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 25

Abstract
Heuristic methods are specially well suited to solve combinatorial problems. One of these problems is the distribution of petroleum products through oil pipelines networks. In this paper the problem is stated and solved using a multiobjective and constraint evolutionary optimization algorithm. Several objective functions has been defined to express the goals of the solutions as well as the preferences among them. Some constraints are included as hard objective functions and some has been evaluated through a repairing function to avoid infeasible solutions. An example of working is given.
Abstract
Heuristic methods are specially well suited to solve combinatorial problems. One of these problems is the distribution of petroleum products through oil pipelines networks. [...]
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Traffic Congestion : Problems and Solutions in Paris, 1830-1939
S. Barles, A. Guillerme

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 24

Abstract
Edition d'un cdrom
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Detection of unauthorized construction equipment in pipeline right of ways
J. Huebler

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 10

Abstract
Natural gas transmission companies mark the right-of-way areas where pipelines are buried with warning signs to prevent accidental third-party damage. Nevertheless, pipelines are sometimes damaged by third-party construction equipment. A single incident can be devastating, causing death and millions of dollars of property loss. This damage would be prevented if potentially hazardous construction equipment could be detected, identified, and an alert given before the pipeline was damaged. The Gas Technology Institute (GTI) is developing a system to solve this problem by using an optical fiber as a distributed sensor and interrogating the fiber with a custom optical time domain reflectometer. Key issues are the ability to detect encroachment and the ability to discriminate among potentially hazardous and benign encroachments. The work continues on improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the technique. We are now able to detect weights sitting on the Hergalite fiber of as low as 0.2 pound. Detection of load fluctuations with frequencies greater than 1 Hertz is also possible. We have also purchased a brighter diode laser for use with the multimode fibers that should improve our sensitivity by a factor of ten. Document type: Report
Abstract
Natural gas transmission companies mark the right-of-way areas where pipelines are buried with warning signs to prevent accidental third-party damage. Nevertheless, pipelines [...]
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CHARACTERIZING NATURAL GAS HYDRATES IN THE DEEP WATER GULF OF MEXICO: APPLICATIONS FOR SAFE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES
E. Jones, S. Holditch, N. Holditch, N. Jones

Collection of open reports in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 12

Abstract
In 2000, Chevron began a project to learn how to characterize the natural gas hydrate deposits in the deepwater portions of the Gulf of Mexico. A Joint Industry Participation (JIP) group was formed in 2001, and a project partially funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) began in October 2001. The primary objective of this project is to develop technology and data to assist in the characterization of naturally occurring gas hydrates in the deep water Gulf of Mexico (GOM). These naturally occurring gas hydrates can cause problems relating to drilling and production of oil and gas, as well as building and operating pipelines. Other objectives of this project are to better understand how natural gas hydrates can affect seafloor stability, to gather data that can be used to study climate change, and to determine how the results of this project can be used to assess if and how gas hydrates act as a trapping mechanism for shallow oil or gas reservoirs. During April-September 2002, the JIP concentrated on: Reviewing the tasks and subtasks on the basis of the information generated during the three workshops held in March and May 2002; Writing Requests for Proposals (RFPs) and Cost, Time and Resource (CTRs) estimates to accomplish the tasks and subtasks; Reviewing proposals sent in by prospective contractors; Selecting four contractors; Selecting six sites for detailed review; and Talking to drill ship owners and operators about potential work with the JIP. Document type: Report
Abstract
In 2000, Chevron began a project to learn how to characterize the natural gas hydrate deposits in the deepwater portions of the Gulf of Mexico. A Joint Industry Participation [...]
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Electrochemical noise sensors for detection of localized and general corrosion of natural gas transmission pipelines final report for the period july 2001 october 2002
M. Ziomek-Moroz, G. Holcomb, B. Covino, S. Bullard, J. Russell, S. Cramer, B. Jr.

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 9

Abstract
The U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory funded a Natural Gas Infrastructure Reliability program directed at increasing and enhancing research and development activities in topics such as remote leak detection, pipe inspection, and repair technologies and materials. The Albany Research Center (ARC), U.S. Department of Energy was funded to study the use of electrochemical noise sensors for detection of localized and general corrosion of natural gas transmission pipelines. As part of this, ARC entered into a collaborative effort with the corrosion sensor industry to demonstrate the capabilities of commercially available remote corrosion sensors for use with the Nation's Gas Transmission Pipeline Infrastructure needs. The goal of the research was to develop an emerging corrosion sensor technology into a monitor for the type and degree of corrosion occurring at key locations in gas transmission pipelines. Document type: Report
Abstract
The U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory funded a Natural Gas Infrastructure Reliability program directed at increasing and enhancing research [...]
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Tank waste transport stability summary of slurry and salt solution studies for fy 2001
T. Welch, T. Welch

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 8

Abstract
Despite over 50 years of experience in transporting radioactive tank wastes to and from equipment and tanks at the Department of Energy's Hanford, Savannah River, and Oak Ridge sites, waste slurry transfer pipelines and process piping become plugged on occasion. At Hanford, several tank farm pipelines are no longer in service because of plugs. At Savannah River, solid deposits in the outlet line of the 2H evaporator have resulted in an unplanned extended downtime. Although waste transfer criteria and guidelines intended to prevent pipeline plugging are in place, they are not always adequate. To avoid pipeline plugging in the future, other factors that are not currently embodied in the transfer criteria may need to be considered. The work summarized here is being conducted to develop a better understanding of the chemical and waste flow dynamics during waste transfer. The goal is to eliminate pipeline plugs by improving analysis and engineering tools in the field that incorporate this understanding. Document type: Report
Abstract
Despite over 50 years of experience in transporting radioactive tank wastes to and from equipment and tanks at the Department of Energy's Hanford, Savannah River, and Oak [...]
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Gas liquid membranes for natural gas upgrading quarterly report number 3
N. Meyer

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 7

Abstract
Efforts this quarter have concentrated on legal agreements, including alternative field sites. Preliminary design of the bench-scale equipment continues. Gas Technology Institute (GTI) is conducting this research program whose objective is to develop gas/liquid membranes for natural gas upgrading to assist DOE in achieving their goal of developing novel methods of upgrading low quality natural gas to meet pipeline specifications. Kvaerner Process Systems (KPS) and W. L. Gore & Associates (GORE) gas/liquid membrane contactors are based on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes acting as the contacting barrier between the contaminated gas stream and the absorbing liquid. These resilient membranes provide much greater surface area for transfer than other tower internals, with packing densities five to ten times greater, resulting in equipment 50--70% smaller and lower weight for the same treating service. The scope of the research program is to (1) build and install a laboratory- and a field-scale gas/liquid membrane absorber; (2) operate the units with a low quality natural gas feed stream for sufficient time to verify the simulation model of the contactors and to project membrane life in this severe service; and (3) conducted an economic evaluation, based on the data, to quantify the impact of the technology. Chevron, one of the major producers of natural gas, has offered to host the test at a gas treating plant. KPS will use their position as a recognized leader in the construction of commercial amine plants for building the unit along with GORE providing the membranes. GTI will provide operator and data collection support during lab- and field-testing to assure proper analytical procedures are used. Kvaerner and GTI will perform the final economic evaluation. GTI will provide project management and be responsible for reporting and interactions with DOE on this project. Document type: Report
Abstract
Efforts this quarter have concentrated on legal agreements, including alternative field sites. Preliminary design of the bench-scale equipment continues. Gas Technology Institute [...]
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Strategic plan for coordinating rural intelligent transportation system its transit development in the great smoky mountains national park
L. Truett

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 6

Abstract
The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, located along the border between North Carolina and Tennessee, is the most visited national park in the United States. This rugged, mountainous area presents many transportation challenges. The immense popularity of the Smokies and the fact that the primary mode of transportation within the park is the personal vehicle have resulted in congestion, damage to the environment, impacts on safety, and a degraded visitor experience. Access to some of the Smokies historical, cultural, and recreational attractions via a mass transit system could alleviate many of the transportation issues. Although quite a few organizations are proponents of a mass transit system for the Smokies, there is a lack of coordination among all parties. In addition, many local residents are not completely comfortable with the idea of transit in the Smokies. This document provides a brief overview of the current transportation needs and limitations in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, identifies agencies and groups with particular interests in the Smokies, and offers insights into the benefits of using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies in the Smokies. Recommendations for the use of rural ITS transit to solve two major transportation issues are presented. Document type: Report
Abstract
The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, located along the border between North Carolina and Tennessee, is the most visited national park in the United States. This rugged, [...]
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Tank waste transport stability summaries of hanford slurry and salt solution studies in fy 2000
T. Welch, T. Welch

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 5

Abstract
This report is a collection of summary articles on FY 2000 studies of slurry transport and salt-well pumping related to Hanford tank waste transfers. These studies are concerned with the stability (steady, uninterrupted flow) of tank waste transfers, a subset of the Department of Energy (DOE) Tanks Focus Area Tank (TFA) Waste Chemistry effort. This work is a collaborative effort of AEA Technology plc, the Diagnostic Instrumentation and Analysis Laboratory at Mississippi State University (DIAL-MSU), the Hemispheric Center for Environmental Technology at Florida International University (HCET-FIU), Numatec Hanford Corporation (NHC), and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The purpose of this report is to provide, in a single document, an overview of these studies to help the reader identify contacts and resources for obtaining more detailed information and to help promote useful interchanges between researchers and users. Despite over 50 years of experience in transporting radioactive tank wastes to and from equipment and tanks at the Department of Energy's Hanford, Savannah River, and Oak Ridge sites, waste slurry transfer pipelines and process piping become plugged on occasion. At Hanford, several tank farm pipelines are no longer in service because of plugs. At Savannah River, solid deposits in the outlet line of the 2H evaporator have resulted in an unplanned extended downtime. Although waste transfer criteria and guidelines intended to prevent pipeline plugging are in place, they are not always adequate. To avoid pipeline plugging in the future, other factors that are not currently embodied in the transfer criteria may need to be considered. The work summarized here is being conducted to develop a better understanding of the chemical and waste flow dynamics during waste transfer. The goal is to eliminate pipeline plugs by improving analysis and engineering tools in the field that incorporate this understanding. Document type: Report
Abstract
This report is a collection of summary articles on FY 2000 studies of slurry transport and salt-well pumping related to Hanford tank waste transfers. These studies are concerned [...]
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN ASSESSMENT FOR THE COFIRING OF BIOREFINERY SUPPLIED LIGNIN PROJECT
J. Broder, J. Ranney, J. Ranney, D. Webster, D. Webster, J. Broder

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 4

Abstract
The major aspects of this project are proceeding toward completion. Prior to this quarter, design criteria, tentative site selection, facility layout, and preliminary facility cost estimates were completed and issued. Processing of bio-solids was completed, providing material for the pilot operations. Pilot facility design, equipment selection, and modification were completed during the fourth quarter of 2000. Initial pilot facility shakedown was completed. After some unavoidable delays, a suitable representative supply of MSW feed material was procured. During this first quarter of 2001, shredding of the feed material and final feed conditioning were completed. Pilot facility hydrolysis production was completed to produce lignin for co-fire testing and the lignin fuel was washed and dewatered. Both the lignin and bio-solids fuel materials for co-fire testing were sent to the co-fire facility (EERC) for evaluation and co-firing. EERC has received coal typical of the fuel to the TVA-Colbert boilers. This material will be used at EERC as baseline material and for mixing with the bio-fuel for combustion testing. EERC combustion testing of the bio-based fuels is scheduled to begin in October of 2001. The TVA-Colbert facility has neared completion of the task to evaluate co-location of the Masada facility on the operation of the power generation facility. The TVA-Colbert fossil plant is fully capable of providing a reliable steam supply. The preferred steam supply connection points and steam pipeline routing have been identified. The environmental review of the pipeline routing has been completed and no major impacts have been identified. Detailed assessment of steam export impacts on the Colbert boiler system have been completed and a cost estimate for steam supply system was completed. The cost estimate and the output and heat rate impacts will be used to determine a preliminary price for the exported steam. Document type: Report
Abstract
The major aspects of this project are proceeding toward completion. Prior to this quarter, design criteria, tentative site selection, facility layout, and preliminary facility [...]
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Results from the 1 data collection workshop 2 modeling workshop and 3 drilling and coring methods workshop as part of the joint industry participation jip project to characterize natural gas hydrates in the deepwater gulf of mexico
N. Holditch, E. Jones, S. Holditch, N. Jones

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 3

Abstract
In 2000, Chevron began a project to learn how to characterize the natural gas hydrate deposits in the deepwater portions of the Gulf of Mexico. A Joint Industry Participation (JIP) group was formed in 2001, and a project partially funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) began in October 2001. The primary objective of this project is to develop technology and data to assist in the characterization of naturally occurring gas hydrates in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico. These naturally occurring gas hydrates can cause problems relating to drilling and production of oil and gas, as well as building and operating pipelines. Other objectives of this project are to better understand how natural gas hydrates can affect seafloor stability, to gather data that can be used to study climate change, and to determine how the results of this project can be used to assess if and how gas hydrates act as a trapping mechanism for shallow oil or gas reservoirs. As part of the project, three workshops were held. The first was a data collection workshop, held in Houston during March 14-15, 2002. The purpose of this workshop was to find out what data exist on gas hydrates and to begin making that data available to the JIP. The second and third workshop, on Geoscience and Reservoir Modeling, and Drilling and Coring Methods, respectively, were held simultaneously in Houston during May 9-10, 2002. The Modeling Workshop was conducted to find out what data the various engineers, scientists and geoscientists want the JIP to collect in both the field and the laboratory. The Drilling and Coring workshop was to begin making plans on how we can collect the data required by the project's principal investigators. Document type: Report
Abstract
In 2000, Chevron began a project to learn how to characterize the natural gas hydrate deposits in the deepwater portions of the Gulf of Mexico. A Joint Industry Participation [...]
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Temporary Losses of Highway Capacity and Impacts on Performance
S. Chin, S. Chin

Collection of open reports in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 2

Abstract
Traffic congestion and its impacts significantly affect the nation's economic performance and the public's quality of life. In most urban areas, travel demand routinely exceeds highway capacity during peak periods. In addition, events such as crashes, vehicle breakdowns, work zones, adverse weather, and suboptimal signal timing cause temporary capacity losses, often worsening the conditions on already congested highway networks. The impacts of these temporary capacity losses include delay, reduced mobility, and reduced reliability of the highway system. They can also cause drivers to re-route or reschedule trips. Prior to this study, no nationwide estimates of temporary losses of highway capacity had been made by type of capacity-reducing event. Such information is vital to formulating sound public policies for the highway infrastructure and its operation. This study is an initial attempt to provide nationwide estimates of the capacity losses and delay caused by temporary capacity-reducing events. The objective of this study was to develop and implement methods for producing national-level estimates of the loss of capacity on the nation's highway facilities due to temporary phenomena as well as estimates of the impacts of such losses. The estimates produced by this study roughly indicate the magnitude of problems that are likely be addressed by the Congress during the next re-authorization of the Surface Transportation Programs. The scope of the study includes all urban and rural freeways and principal arterials in the nation's highway system for 1999. Specifically, this study attempts to quantify the extent of temporary capacity losses due to crashes, breakdowns, work zones, weather, and sub-optimal signal timing. These events can cause impacts such as capacity reduction, delays, trip rescheduling, rerouting, reduced mobility, and reduced reliability. This study focuses on the reduction of capacity and resulting delays caused by the temporary events mentioned above. Impacts other than capacity losses and delay, such as re-routing, rescheduling, reduced mobility, and reduced reliability, are not covered in this phase of research. Document type: Report
Abstract
Traffic congestion and its impacts significantly affect the nation's economic performance and the public's quality of life. In most urban areas, travel demand routinely exceeds [...]
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Tuning delay differentiation in IP networks using priority queueing models
P. Carvalho, V. Freitas, P. Sousa, V. Freitas, P. Sousa

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 15

Abstract
This article evaluates the use of Priority Queueing models to achieve delay differentiation in IP networks operating under the Class of Services paradigm. Three models are considered: proportional model, additive model and a novel hybrid schema based on the upper time limit model. The characteristics, behaviour and viability of these models are analysed as regards traffic delay differentiation. The impact of each model on traffic aggregation and on individual flows is also evaluated. This study is complemented by the analysis of delay differentiation from an end-to-end perspective. An adaptive differentiation mechanism is also proposed and discussed. (undefined) Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
This article evaluates the use of Priority Queueing models to achieve delay differentiation in IP networks operating under the Class of Services paradigm. Three models are [...]
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Towards a Novel Transport Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks
G. Anastasi, A. Passarella

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 12

Abstract
The TCP protocol exhibits poor performance in multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). The ultimate reason for this is that MANETs behave in a significantly different way from traditional wired networks (like the Internet) for which the TCP protocol was originally designed. In particular, route failures and route changes due to node mobility may be frequent events in MANETs. Furthermore, congestion phenomena in MANETs are essentially different from traditional wired networks. In this paper we propose a novel transport protocol for MANETs. Unlike other proposals, our protocol is not a modification of the TCP but is specifically tailored to the characteristics of the MANET environment. It is able to manage efficiently route changes and route failures. Furthermore, it includes a completely re-designed congestion control mechanism. Finally, it is designed in such a way to reduce as much as possible the number of useless retransmissions. This is extremely important since retransmissions consume energy. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
The TCP protocol exhibits poor performance in multi-hop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). The ultimate reason for this is that MANETs behave in a significantly different way [...]
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The manmachine interface
E. Parr

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 12

Abstract
This chapter discusses man-machine interface. PLC has to connect to human operators, accepting commands from them and displaying the status of the plant in a form that can readily and easily be understood. A digital display driven in BCD normally uses one of the unused binary codes, 1010 to 1111, to generate a blank display. Simple digital inputs (pushbuttons, joysticks, switches) are normally allocated one input per motion and do not require anything particularly special. Concerning PLC with analog signals, flows, temperatures, pressures, etc., these will usually be displayed to the operator. A graphics terminal has just two connections to the outside world, a serial link connection and a power supply. The Allen Bradley Panelview family was designed to replace switches, pushbuttons, numeric displays, and similar devices. The Panelview built up a graphics screen with semigraphic characters placed on a screen with a pick and place menu approach. Siemens provides a vast range of operator terminals from simple text-only message displays to complete computer-based Scada systems. One major advantage of graphical displays is that mistakes can be rectified without leaving scars, albeit at some cost. The operator will need to input data and initiate actions. Where a simple text message is to be displayed, possibly with embedded data, message displays driven by a simple serial link carrying ASCII coded characters can be used. PCs have much better graphics capability than the average PLC, so it is not surprising that PCs are increasingly being used as the link between humans and PLC systems. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
This chapter discusses man-machine interface. PLC has to connect to human operators, accepting commands from them and displaying the status of the plant in a form that [...]
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Optimization based congestion control for multicast communications
J. Kurose, J. Shapiro, D. Towsley

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 10

Abstract
Widespread deployment of multicast depends on the existence of congestion control protocols that are provably fair to unicast traffic. In this work, we present an optimization-based congestion control mechanism for single-rate multicast communication with provable fairness properties. The optimization-based approach attempts to find an allocation of rates that maximizes the aggregate utility of the network. We show that the utility of multicast sessions must be carefully defined if a widely accepted property of aggregate utility is to hold. Our definition of session utility amounts to maximizing a weighted sum of simple utility functions, with weights determined by the number of receivers. The fairness properties of the optimal rate allocation depend both on the weights and form of utility function used. We present analysis for idealized topologies showing that while our mechanism is not strictly fair to unicast, its unfairness can be controlled by appropriate choices of parameters. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
Widespread deployment of multicast depends on the existence of congestion control protocols that are provably fair to unicast traffic. In this work, we present an optimization-based [...]
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IR Pedestrian Detection for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
M. Bertozzi, A. Broggi, M. Carletti, A. Fascioli, T. Graf, P. Grisleri, M. Meinecke

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2003). Vol. 2003, 11

Abstract
This paper describes a system for pedestrian detection in infrared images implemented and tested on an experimental vehicle. A specific stabilization procedure is applied after image acquisition and before processing to cope with vehicle movements affecting the camera calibration. The localization of pedestrians is based on the search for warm symmetrical objects with specific size and aspect ratio. A set of filters is used to reduce false detections. The final validation process relies on the human shapes morphological characteristics. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
This paper describes a system for pedestrian detection in infrared images implemented and tested on an experimental vehicle. A specific stabilization procedure is applied [...]
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Modeling of freeway ramp merging process observed during traffic congestion
M. Kuwahara, M. SARVI, A. Ceder, M. Sarvi, M. KUWAHARA, A. CEDER

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 9

Abstract
This study's focus is on modeling vehicle acceleration-deceleration behavior during freeway and ramp maneuvers in congested traffic. Presented are methodologies for collecting field data, analyzing freeway merging behavior data and developing and calibrating ramp vehicle accelerating models. Substantial data were collected using videotape and image processing techniques. The entrance ramps in the Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway were used for comprehensive traffic surveys. The paper presents a theoretical framework for modeling the ramp driver acceleration-deceleration behavior. The methodology uses the stimuli-response psychophysical concept as a fundamental rule and is formulated as a modified form of the car-following models. The findings could serve future highway geometric design criteria revision, and the mathematical framework of the developed model may be appropriate to study more driver behavioral aspects of congested freeways. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
This study's focus is on modeling vehicle acceleration-deceleration behavior during freeway and ramp maneuvers in congested traffic. Presented are methodologies for collecting [...]
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An experimental study of the POUM hypothesis
D. Checchi, A. Filippin

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2020). Vol. 2003, 8

Abstract
The "prospect of upward mobility" (POUM) hypothesis formalised by Benabou and Ok (2001a) finds explicit assumptions under which some individuals that are poorer than the average optimally choose to oppose redistribution policies. The underlying intuition is that these individuals rationally expect to be richer than average in the future. This result holds provided the mobility process is concave in expectations, redistribution policies are expected to last for a sufficiently long period and individuals are not too risk averse. This paper tests the POUM hypothesis by means of a within subjects experiment where the concavity of the mobility process, the degree of social mobility, the knowledge of personal income and the degree of inequality are used as treatments. Other determinants of the demand for redistribution, such as risk aversion and inequality aversion are (partially) controlled for via either the experiment design or the information collected during the experiment. We find that the POUM hypothesis holds under alternative specifications, even when we control for individual fixed effects. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
The "prospect of upward mobility" (POUM) hypothesis formalised by Benabou and Ok (2001a) finds explicit assumptions under which some individuals that are poorer [...]
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Satellite Communications
R. Sheriff, A. Donner, A. Vanelli-Coralli

Collection of open chapters of books in transport research (2002). Vol. 2002, 3

Abstract
The call for papers resulted in a high number of submis- sions, from which we have been able to select 12 excellent papers dealing with the different aspects of satellite commu- nications and navigation. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques are attracting a considerable amount of attention from within the terrestrial wireless community. The first paper of this spe- cial issue, Multisatellite MIMO communications at Ku band and above: investigations on spatial multiplexing for capac- ity improvement and selection diversity for interference mit- igation, considers the application of such technology over a satellite platform operating in the Ku band and above. The paper considers how MIMO can be used to increase capac- ity by using a satellite spatial multiplexing system and how antenna selection can be used to mitigate interference. The next paper Investigations in satellite MIMO channel model- ing: accent on polarization looks at MIMO systems from the polarization diversity point of view and dwells on the satellite cooperative communication concepts. Switch and stay combining (SSC) is a form of diversity technique used in digital receivers to compensate for fade events introduced by the mobile channel. The third paper Performance analysis of SSC diversity receivers over corre- lated Ricean fading satellite channels investigates the per- formance of dual-branch SSC receivers for different fading channel characteristics. The next four papers deal with the emerging scenario of mobile digital video broadcasting (DVB-S2 and RCS mo- bile). Alternative approaches to counteracting fading chan- nels introduced when operating in a train environment re- ceiving satellite DVB-S2 are presented in the paper Ad- vanced fade countermeasures for DVB-S2 systems in railway scenarios. Here, as a result of simulation analysis, antenna diversity and packet-level forward error correction mecha- nisms are proposed and their impact is evaluated with respect to the receiver design and system complexity. The theme of DVB-S2 is continued with the paper Capacity versus bit er- ror rate trade-off in the DVB-S2 forward link, which inves- tigates how satellite capacity can be optimised for DVB-S2 transmissions. The DVB return channel via satellite (DVB- RCS) is then addressed in Frequency estimation in iterative interference cancellation applied to multibeam satellite sys- tems, which considers the application of interference cancel- lation on the reverse link of a multibeam satellite system, us- ing DVB-RCS with convolutional coding as an example. The paper A QoS architecture for DVB-RCS next-generation satellite networks proceeds to design and emulate a quality- of-service (QoS) architecture that demonstrates using real multimedia applications how QoS can be supported over a DVB-RCS network. 2 EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking Synchronization aspects are dealt with in Maximum likelihood timing and carrier synchronization in burst-mode satellite transmissions. The paper addresses the problem of achieving synchronisation for a burst-mode satellite trans- mission over an AWGN channel. The subject of burst trans- mission continues with the paper Burst format design for optimum joint estimation of Doppler-shift and Doppler- rate in packet satellite communications, which considers optimising the burst-format of packet-oriented transmis- sions by proposing very-low-complexity algorithms for car- rier Doppler-shift and Doppler-rate estimation. A network comprising satellite and high-altitude plat- forms is considered in the paper TCP-call admission con- trol interaction in multiplatform space architectures. Cross- layer techniques are implemented by means of TCP feeding back into call admission control (CAC) procedures for the purpose of prevention of congestion and improvement in QoS. Finally, since navigation is an extremely important part of the satellite system family, we have included two papers. The first paper Efficient delay tracking methods with side- lobes cancellation for BOC-modulated signals deals with bi- nary offset carrier (BOC) modulation, which is adopted in typical navigation systems. The paper considers how to improve the tracking of the main lobe of the BOC-modulated signal by using sidelobe suppression techniques. An alternative approach based on filter bank processing is presented in Analysis of filter-bank-based methods for fast serial acqui- sition of BOC-modulated signals to conclude the special issue. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book
Abstract
The call for papers resulted in a high number of submis- sions, from which we have been able to select 12 excellent papers dealing with the different aspects of satellite [...]
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Posibilidades de los métodos numéricos en el mundo industrial
E. Oñate

Col·lecció Aula de Ciència i Cultura (2002). Nº 13, pp. 9-33

Abstract
Se presentan en el artículo las ideas básicas de qué son los métodos numéricos, cuáles son los métodos numéricos más populares, cómo se aplican para resolver ecuaciones diferenciales de interés práctico en ingeniería y qué posibilidades y limitaciones tienen para ayudarnos a entender mejor el mundo que nos rodea. El contenido del artículo se completa con diversas aplicaciones prácticas del método de elementos finitos a diversos problemas de ingeniería.
Abstract
Se presentan en el artículo las ideas básicas de qué son los métodos numéricos, cuáles son los métodos numéricos más [...]
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Enrichment of the finite element interpolation with mesh-free methods
A. Huerta, S. Fernández-Méndez, P. Diez

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis (2002). Vol. 36 (6), pp. 1027-1042

Abstract
In the framework of meshless methods, the interpolation is based on a distribution of particles: it is not necessary to define connectivities. In these methods the interpolation can be easily enriched, increasing the number of particles (as in h-refinement of finite elements) or increasing the order of consistency (as in p-refinement of finite elements). However, comparing with finite elements, particle methods suffer from an increase in the computational cost, mainly due to the computation of the shape functions. In this paper, a mixed interpolation that combines finite elements and particles is presented. The objective is to take advantage of both methods. In order to define h- p refinement strategies an a priori error estimate is needed, and thus, some convergence results are presented and proved for this mixed interpolation
Abstract
In the framework of meshless methods, the interpolation is based on a distribution of particles: it is not necessary to define connectivities. In these methods the interpolation [...]
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Stabilized finite element approximation of transient incompressible flows using orthogonal subscales
R. Codina

Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., (2002). Vol. 191 (39-40), pp. 4295-4321

Abstract
In this paper we present a stabilized finite element method to solve the transient Navier–Stokes equations based on the decomposition of the unknowns into resolvable and subgrid scales. The latter are approximately accounted for, so as to end up with a stable finite element problem which, in particular, allows to deal with convection-dominated flows and the use of equal velocity–pressure interpolations. Three main issues are addressed. The first is a method to estimate the behavior of the stabilization parameters based on a Fourier analysis of the problem for the subscales. Secondly, the way to deal with transient problems discretized using a finite difference scheme is discussed. Finally, the treatment of the nonlinear term is also analyzed. A very important feature of this work is that the subgrid scales are taken as orthogonal to the finite element space. In the transient case, this simplifies considerably the numerical scheme.
Abstract
In this paper we present a stabilized finite element method to solve the transient Navier–Stokes equations based on the decomposition of the unknowns into resolvable [...]
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A numerical model to track two‐fluid interfaces based on a stabilized finite element method and the level set technique
R. Codina, O. Soto

Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids (2002). Vol. 40 (1-2), pp. 293-301

Abstract
The objective of this work is to present a stabilized finite element formulation for transient incompressible flows and to apply it to the tracking of two‐fluid interfaces. The stabilization technique employed allows us to use equal velocity–pressure interpolations and to deal with convection–dominated flows. The tracking of the fluid interface is based on the level set technique. A novel smoothing technique of this surface based on ideas of signal processing is presented.
Abstract
The objective of this work is to present a stabilized finite element formulation for transient incompressible flows and to apply it to the tracking of two‐fluid interfaces. [...]
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Analysis of a stabilized finite element approximation of the transient convection-diffusion equation using an ale framework
S. Badia, R. Codina

Computing and Visualization in Science (2002). Vol. 4 (3), pp. 167-174

Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection diffusion equation on moving domains using an ALE framework. As basic numerical strategy, we discretize the equation in time using first and second order backward differencing (BDF) schemes, whereas space is discretized using a stabilized finite element method (the orthogonal subgrid scale formulation) to deal with convection dominated flows. The semi-discrete problem (continuous in space) is first analyzed. In this situation it is easy to identify the error introduced by the ALE approach. After that, the fully discrete method is considered. We obtain optimal error estimates in both space and time in a mesh dependent norm. The analysis reveals that the ALE approach introduces an upper bound for the time step size for the results to hold. The results obtained for the fully discretized second order scheme (in time) are associated to a weaker norm than the one used for the first order method. Nevertheless, optimal convergence results have been proved. For fixed domains, we recover stability and convergence results with the strong norm for the second order scheme, stressing the aspects that make the analysis of this method much more involved.
Abstract
In this paper we analyze a stabilized finite element method to approximate the convection diffusion equation on moving domains using an ALE framework. As basic numerical strategy, [...]
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Recent advances in unstructured mesh and point generation
R. Löhner

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI210

Abstract
Recent advances in mesh and point generation are reviewed. These include: meshing of discrete surfaces, parallel advancing front methods, improvements in RAMS gridding via directional enrichment and tighter sphere packing for discrete particle methods. Several examples are included to illustrate the effectiveness of developed techniques.
Abstract
Recent advances in mesh and point generation are reviewed. These include: meshing of discrete surfaces, parallel advancing front methods, improvements in RAMS gridding via [...]
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Development of an adaptive mesh generator
J. Olausson, J. Gustafsson, D. Capua, E. Oñate

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI211

Abstract
This study thoroughly explains the process of implementing Adaptive Mesh Refinement into a Finite Element Analysis program. Using the error norm, a routine for improving an original mesh for an arbitrary 2D structural problem has been developed. By utilizing user-defined relative global error, an optimal mesh for a given level of approximation can be obtained in an iterative manner. The routine (called AMG v1.0) runs with the pre-/postprocessor GiD and the calculation module Calsef, but can easily be tailored to work with other FEA programs. AMG operates with two mesh optimality criteria, which have proven to refine the mesh in a non-oscillatory manner. The open structure, along with the Graphical User Interface, makes AMG suitable for educational and experimental purposes. For validation, six examples within the field of structural engineering have been solved, four of which have been compared favorably with analytical solutions. The mesh optimality routines used are general, why AMG can be extended to handle more types of elements, 3D analysis, and to be applicable to other types of engineering problems. Above all AMG serves as a first step of implementing Adaptive Mesh Refinement procedures into GiD.
Abstract
This study thoroughly explains the process of implementing Adaptive Mesh Refinement into a Finite Element Analysis program. Using the error norm, a routine for improving an [...]
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Cálculo de estructuras con materiales compuestos laminados por el método de elementos finitos
E. Oñate

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI212

Abstract
La utilización de materiales compuestos laminados en estructuras es creciente en todos los ámbitos de la ingeniería. El cálculo de esas estructuras requiere tener en cuenta las características de dichos materiales, tanto en cuanto a sus propiedades mecánicas, generalmente ortótropas, como a la peculiaridad de su distribución en capas laminares. Un caso particular de interés práctico de ese tipo de estructuras mixtas de hormigón y acero, e incluso las estructuras de hormigón armado en las que el hormigón y las armaduras se asimilan a capas de materiales con propiedades diferentes. En este capítulo presentamos una panorámica del cálculo por el método de elementos finitos de estructuras formadas por materiales compuestos laminados. Iniciaremos el capítulo con una introducción al cálculo de vigas planas formadas por un apilamiento de capas utilizando elementos de viga de Timoshenko de dos nodos. Tras ello estudiaremos las placas multilaminadas mediante elementos de Reissner-Mindlin, para terminar con el análisis de láminas de forma arbitraria y de revolución utilizando elementos finitos multilaminados planos y troncocónicos respectivamente, basados también en la teoría de Reissner-Mindlin.
Abstract
La utilización de materiales compuestos laminados en estructuras es creciente en todos los ámbitos de la ingeniería. El cálculo de esas estructuras [...]
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Introducción a la optimización de estructuras
M. Soboleosky, G. Bugeda, S. Oller

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI213

Abstract
El presente apunte tiene como meta mostrar, de manera sencilla y conceptual, los objetivos y procedimientos de la optimización orientada a la ingeniería. Es el resultado de una pasantía en el Centro Internacional de Métodos Numéricos en Ingeniería de la Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, bajo la dirección de los profesores Gabriel Bugeda y Sergio Oller.
Abstract
El presente apunte tiene como meta mostrar, de manera sencilla y conceptual, los objetivos y procedimientos de la optimización orientada a la ingeniería. Es [...]
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Volumetric constraint models for anisotropic elastic solids
C. Felippa, E. Oñate

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI216

Abstract
We study three “incompressibility flavors” of linearly-elastic anisotropic solids that exhibit volumetric constraints: isochoric, hydroisochoric and rigidtropic. An isochoric material deforms without volume change under any stress system. An hydroisochoric material does so under hydrostatic stress. A rigidtropic material undergoes zero deformations under a certain stress pattern. Whereas the three models coalesce for isotropic materials, important differences appear for anisotropic behavior. We find that isochoric and hydroisochoric models under certain conditions may be hampered by unstable physical behavior. Rigidtropic models can represent semistable physical materials of arbitrary anisotropy while including isochoric and hydroisochoric behavior as special cases.
Abstract
We study three “incompressibility flavors” of linearly-elastic anisotropic solids that exhibit volumetric constraints: isochoric, hydroisochoric and rigidtropic. [...]
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Stress, strain and energy splittings for anisotropic elastic solids under volumetric constraints
C. Felippa, E. Oñate

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI217

Abstract
We define stress and strain splittings appropriate to linearly elastic anisotropic materials with volumetric constraints. The treatment includes rigidtropic materials, which develop no strains under a stress pattern that is a null eigenvector of the compliance matrix. This model includes as special case incompressible materials, for which the eigenvector is hydrostatic stress. The main finding is that pressure and volumetric strain must be redefined as effective quantities. Using this idea, an energy decomposition that exactly separates deviatoric and volumetric energy follows.
Abstract
We define stress and strain splittings appropriate to linearly elastic anisotropic materials with volumetric constraints. The treatment includes rigidtropic materials, [...]
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A study of optimal membrane triangles with drilling freedoms
C. Felippa

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI218

Abstract
This article compares derivation methods for constructing optimal membrane triangles with corner drilling freedoms. The term “optimal” is used in the sense of exact inplane pure-bending response of rectangular mesh units of arbitrary aspect ratio. Following a comparative summary of element formulation approaches, the construction of an optimal 3-node triangle using the ANDES template is shown to be unique if energy orthogonality constraints are enforced a priori. Two other formulation are examined and compared with the optimal model. Retrofitting the conventional LST (Linear Strain Triangle) element by midpoint-migrating by congruential transformations is shown to be unable to produce an optimal element while rank deficiency is inevitable. Use of the quadratic strain field of the 1988 Allman triangle, or linear filtered versions thereof, is also unable to reproduce the optimal element. Moreover, these elements exhibit aspect ratio lock. These predictions are verified on benchmark examples.
Abstract
This article compares derivation methods for constructing optimal membrane triangles with corner drilling freedoms. The term “optimal” is used in the sense of [...]
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A template tutorial: panels, families, clones, winners and losers
C. Felippa

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI219

Abstract
The article has a dual historical and educational theme. It is a tutorial on finite elements templates for two-dimensional structural problems. The exposition focused on the four-node plane stress element of flat rectangular geometry, called here the “rectangular panel” for brevity. This is one of two oldest two-dimensional structural elements, soon to reach its gold anniversary. On the other hand, the concept of finite element templates is a recent development. Interweaving the old and the new throws historical perspective into the “golden age” of discovery of finite elements. Templates provide a framework in which diverse element development methods can be fitted, compared and traced back to the sources. On the technical side templates have the virtue of facilitating the unified implementation of back to the sources. On the technical side templates have the virtue of facilitating the unified implementation of element families as well as the construction of custom elements. As an illustration of customization power, the Appendix presents the construction of a four noded bending optimal trapezoid that has eluded FEM investigators for several decades.
Abstract
The article has a dual historical and educational theme. It is a tutorial on finite elements templates for two-dimensional structural problems. The exposition focused on the [...]
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Principis d'acústica, d'aeroacústica i breu introducció a l'aeroacústica computacional de fluixos subsònics
O. Guasch

(2002). Research Report, Nº PI220
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Materiales compuestos - Simulación del comportamiento anisótropo
E. Car, S. Oller, E. Oñate

(2002). Análisis y Cálculo de Estructuras de Materiales Compuestos, Oller S. (Ed.), pp. 95-144, CIMNE, Barcelona, Spain
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Numerical modelling of concrete curing, regarding hydration and temperature phenomena
M. Cervera, R. Faria, T. Prato, J. Oliver

Computers and Structures (2002). Vol. 80 (18–19), pp. 1511-1521

Abstract
A numerical model that accounts for the hydration and aging phenomena during the early ages of concrete curing is presented in a format suitable for a finite element implementation. Assuming the percolation of water through the hydrates already formed as the dominant mechanism of cement hydration, the model adopts an internal variable called hydration degree, whose evolution law is easily calibrated and allows an accurate prediction of the hydration heat production. Compressive strength evolution is related to the aging degree, a concept that accounts for the influences of the hydration and curing temperature on the final mechanical properties of concrete. The model capabilities are illustrated by means of a wide set of experimental tests involving ordinary and high performance concretes, and through the simulation of the concrete curing on a viaduct deck of the Öresund Link.
Abstract
A numerical model that accounts for the hydration and aging phenomena during the early ages of concrete curing is presented in a format suitable for a finite element implementation. [...]
- 48
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Red de revistas iberoamericanas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 70
- 0
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Reseñas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 69
- 0
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Plataformas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 68
- 0
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Apuntes
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 67
- 0
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Informaciones
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 66
- 0
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Didactic use of news in adult education
M. Ricoy Lorenzo

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 65

Abstract
With the present paper, we want to overview the state of the question about the adult education and the didactic learning using the newspaper. Knowing the different results, proposals, reflections, researches, etc. we discover the importance of this rich
Abstract
With the present paper, we want to overview the state of the question about the adult education and the didactic learning using the newspaper. Knowing the different results, [...]
- 1
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Educational software and education for health
M. Álvarez Girón, M. Gómez del Castillo Segurado

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 64

Abstract
This paper reflects on interdisciplinary descriptive research -although by no means lacking in valuable judgement- which tries to analyse education in values and attitudes regarding health education, carried out through educational software geared towards
Abstract
This paper reflects on interdisciplinary descriptive research -although by no means lacking in valuable judgement- which tries to analyse education in values and attitudes [...]
- 1
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TV and teenagers in changing times
M. Morgan, T. Merlo Flores

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 63

Abstract
Data collected from 1.000 adolescents in Argentina in 1986 extended U.S.A. and other international comparative research to show that television plays a major role in shaping young people's conceptions of social reality. The study examined television usage
Abstract
Data collected from 1.000 adolescents in Argentina in 1986 extended U.S.A. and other international comparative research to show that television plays a major role in shaping [...]
- 1
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Teenagers attitudes before media
A. Fleitas, R. Zamponi

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 62

Abstract
This paper analyses the adolescents´attitude towards the media using a sample of 423 students between 16 and 20 years old from secondary schools of Cordoba, the Argentine. The first results show that students learn and understand reality and they are able
Abstract
This paper analyses the adolescents´attitude towards the media using a sample of 423 students between 16 and 20 years old from secondary schools of Cordoba, the Argentine. [...]
- 1
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Cinematographic analysis of «La dolce vita»: the twelve heresies
V. Reia Baptista

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 61

Abstract
The author analyses how Federico Fellini represents in «La dolce vita» the social, cultural, sexual and politic characteristics of a generation who has grown up in a strict latin and catholic context. Ethic, aesthetic and cinematographic keys of this film
Abstract
The author analyses how Federico Fellini represents in «La dolce vita» the social, cultural, sexual and politic characteristics of a generation who has grown up in a strict [...]
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Reflections about the works of Joan Fontcuberta
P. Alfonso Escuder

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 60

Abstract
The text suggests distrust as a basic attitude when approaching audiovisual aids in general and image in particular. Then –as an exercise of distrustful view– it proposes to take advantage of the pedagogic power of the photographs of this master of suspic
Abstract
The text suggests distrust as a basic attitude when approaching audiovisual aids in general and image in particular. Then –as an exercise of distrustful view– it proposes [...]
- 2
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Emotional reactions to cinema
E. Conde Miranda, L. de Iturrate Cárdenes

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 59

Abstract
Emotion is one of the most used resources for getting and maintening the viewer´s attention in audiovisual context, although with no similar level of success. In this paper, some of the factors that determine the viewer´s emotional impact will be analyzed
Abstract
Emotion is one of the most used resources for getting and maintening the viewer´s attention in audiovisual context, although with no similar level of success. In this paper, [...]
- 1
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Communicational technologies in teaching training
I. Comuzzi

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 58

Abstract
Teacher training in new technologies of information and communication is related to the appropiation of aesthetic and cultural codes as tools which enable teachers to research and propitiate genuine ways of expression in their communities and changes in t
Abstract
Teacher training in new technologies of information and communication is related to the appropiation of aesthetic and cultural codes as tools which enable teachers to research [...]
- 1
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Books and TV
M. Matute

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 57

Abstract
The author explains a cultural project related with the National Library of Venezuela. The project consists of stablishing the relationship between cultural shows and books in order to build an original method of learning new ways of reading and creating
Abstract
The author explains a cultural project related with the National Library of Venezuela. The project consists of stablishing the relationship between cultural shows and books [...]
- 1
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Digital books: new ways of reading
P. Toledo Morales, J. Sánchez García

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 56

Abstract
The evolution of new technologies of communication and information is rapidily modifying the way we perceive the information. The rupture between the new forms of reading and writing and those that have been closer to us until now such as books, newspaper
Abstract
The evolution of new technologies of communication and information is rapidily modifying the way we perceive the information. The rupture between the new forms of reading [...]
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Design of attitude scales for teaching training in new technologies
F. Hinojo Lucena, F. Fernández Martín

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 55

Abstract
In this paper, the authors present a scale elaborated in order to find out towards training and continuum improvement in NICT (new information and communication technologies) of education professionals, since this attitude is negative to them. This may be
Abstract
In this paper, the authors present a scale elaborated in order to find out towards training and continuum improvement in NICT (new information and communication technologies) [...]
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Learning skills with videogames
M. Alfageme González, P. Sánchez Rodríguez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 54

Abstract
Nowadays, it is necessary to learn new skills and to work with the telematic network. We can learn some of these skills through the videogames, in fact we think that the teacher must study and use them. The authors defend the idea that it may be advisable
Abstract
Nowadays, it is necessary to learn new skills and to work with the telematic network. We can learn some of these skills through the videogames, in fact we think that the teacher [...]
- 1
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Multimedia means for professional guidance
G. Grupo de Investigación Didáctica

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 53

Abstract
The changing context in which we are living raises considerable challenges in the educational and formative processes. Vocational guidance tries to bring the technical assistance that provides the individuals with the instrument and tools which are necess
Abstract
The changing context in which we are living raises considerable challenges in the educational and formative processes. Vocational guidance tries to bring the technical assistance [...]
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About cinematographic joint productions
G. Moreno Pérez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 52

Abstract
The processes of cultural and economic globalisation and the migration of the world population call for diversity and plurality in media productions. The production of cultural expressions is a critical element in the system of film coproduction. This ess
Abstract
The processes of cultural and economic globalisation and the migration of the world population call for diversity and plurality in media productions. The production of cultural [...]
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Media and bilingualism
S. Fernández Parratt

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 51

Abstract
In societies in which historically two languages have lived side by side, one of which is in disadvantage in comparison to the other, what role can mass media play towards the teaching of that second language and its definitive and «peaceful» consolidatio.
Abstract
In societies in which historically two languages have lived side by side, one of which is in disadvantage in comparison to the other, what role can mass media play towards [...]
- 2
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Critical reviews of a film
C. Silva

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 50

Abstract
This paper presents the use of a film, «Camila», in a class-group of Spanish as a foreign language. In order to explore the deep links between language practice and social context, the author uses a personal method that discovers them, using two elements
Abstract
This paper presents the use of a film, «Camila», in a class-group of Spanish as a foreign language. In order to explore the deep links between language practice and social [...]
- 2
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Communication and health practices
C. Baccin

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 49

Abstract
The present paper seeks to ponder the linking between means and practical of communication in relation to the diffusion of topics on youngters´public health, based on results obtained thanks to a project of international investigation –by initiative of th
Abstract
The present paper seeks to ponder the linking between means and practical of communication in relation to the diffusion of topics on youngters´public health, based on results [...]
- 1
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What are institutional resources for?
A. Ferrer Escalona

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 48

Abstract
The press offices of the institutions that make science and technology are a valuable source of information for the journalists of the different media who many times do not take advantage of the materials that they receive losing some news because they th
Abstract
The press offices of the institutions that make science and technology are a valuable source of information for the journalists of the different media who many times do not [...]
- 0
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Science popularization from public institutions
T. Camiñas Hernández

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 47

Abstract
In this paper it´s being analyzed how public institutions are trying to cope with an important aspect for the social development: the communication and the popularization of the scientific and technician knowledges. The paper states how, in fact, the publ
Abstract
In this paper it´s being analyzed how public institutions are trying to cope with an important aspect for the social development: the communication and the popularization [...]
- 0
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Scientific and environmental popularization in TV
S. Aguaded Landero

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 46

Abstract
Nowadays, we attend an omnipresent audiovisual culture that, according to some authors, it´s transforming the citizens into passive consumers and it is making the citizens ´intelectual activity difficult. New technologies, which take more and more time fr
Abstract
Nowadays, we attend an omnipresent audiovisual culture that, according to some authors, it´s transforming the citizens into passive consumers and it is making the citizens [...]
- 2
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Knowledge dialectical structure and scientific popularization
G. Pedrós Pérez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 45

Abstract
A very important factor in the scientific popularization that the magazines carry out is to be able to contrast the information, opinions or exposed theories. In this sense, a very used fruitful element in the field of the publications on the Anglo-Saxon
Abstract
A very important factor in the scientific popularization that the magazines carry out is to be able to contrast the information, opinions or exposed theories. In this sense, [...]
- 1
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Geography and travels in scientific journalism
M. Belenguer Jané

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 44

Abstract
Traditionally, the image of science has been burdened with some negative connotations that have not favoured its popularization among the great public. Associating science to something abrupt, boring, complex and unaware to our lives has been a constant f
Abstract
Traditionally, the image of science has been burdened with some negative connotations that have not favoured its popularization among the great public. Associating science [...]
- 1
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Science popularization using scientific journalism: «Mètode»
M. Domínguez Romero

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 43

Abstract
In this paper, the author sums up what he has been achieved in his three years as the editor of Valencia University´s popular scientific journal «Mètode». He describes the difficulties of reporting scientific activity so that it could be attractive to bot
Abstract
In this paper, the author sums up what he has been achieved in his three years as the editor of Valencia University´s popular scientific journal «Mètode». He describes [...]
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Science popularization in TV programs
J. Gutiérrez Lozano

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 42

Abstract
Nowadays, the programme planning of nationwide Spanish television does not contain, contrary to previous decades, popular programmes of relevance for the popularization science. This situation is specially painful in the relation to the children and adole
Abstract
Nowadays, the programme planning of nationwide Spanish television does not contain, contrary to previous decades, popular programmes of relevance for the popularization science. [...]
- 0
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«Nature» and scientific news
C. Elías Pérez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 41

Abstract
In this paper, the author analyzes how the magazine «Nature» influences over the sociology of science and the scientific news published in the Spanish press. To measure how much the prestigious magazine above mentioned influences the Spanish press, a quan
Abstract
In this paper, the author analyzes how the magazine «Nature» influences over the sociology of science and the scientific news published in the Spanish press. To measure [...]
- 1
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Sherlock Holmes was right
S. Rementol i Massana

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 40

Abstract
Can we inform of science in an objective way? Some professional sectors sustain that the objectivity doesn’t exist and that it is not even desirable. But that idea appears as absurd in the mark of the scientific information. The problem of the journalisti
Abstract
Can we inform of science in an objective way? Some professional sectors sustain that the objectivity doesn’t exist and that it is not even desirable. But that idea appears [...]
- 1
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Science news and contemporary politic scene
J. Luján

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 39

Abstract
In this article, I analyze several characteristics of science and technology which have studies (STS). These characteristics imply some important conclusions for the infor: science and technology are activities which are dependent, up to a certain point,
Abstract
In this article, I analyze several characteristics of science and technology which have studies (STS). These characteristics imply some important conclusions for the infor: [...]
- 0
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Science and technology in journalists training
C. Moreno Castro, J. Gómez Mompart

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 38

Abstract
In this paper the authors analyze the university formation which scientific journalists get in Communication Studies Colleges all over Spain trough the different curricula. As a new proposal, they believe how useful it would be the introduction of a scien
Abstract
In this paper the authors analyze the university formation which scientific journalists get in Communication Studies Colleges all over Spain trough the different curricula. [...]
- 0
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Scientific journalism: a challenge for XXI
M. Calvo Hernando

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 37

Abstract
This paper tries to value the importance of science popularization through some of its forerunners, both Spanish and from other countries. There has been a Spanish scientific journalism since the first decades of the XXth century. Nowadays, the society ne
Abstract
This paper tries to value the importance of science popularization through some of its forerunners, both Spanish and from other countries. There has been a Spanish scientific [...]
- 1
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Presentación de «Temas»: comunicar la ciencia
C. Moreno Castro

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 36
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Prolegómenos
J. Aguaded Gómez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (2), 35
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Red de revistas iberoamericanas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 34
- 0
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Reseñas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 33
- 0
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Plataformas
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 32
- 0
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Actualidad
Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 31
- 0
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Música y género: análisis de una muestra de canciones populares
E. Berrocal de Luna, J. Gutiérrez Pérez

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 30

Abstract
The role of gender is very important in popular songs. The authors in this paper have chosen several songs where we can see the significance of the role that men and women have nowdays in the society. The author analyses the lyrics of the songs, classifie
Abstract
The role of gender is very important in popular songs. The authors in this paper have chosen several songs where we can see the significance of the role that men and women [...]
- 2
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Televisión y consumo de golosinas
J. Santibáñez Velilla

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 29

Abstract
The action of sweets and soft drinks advertisements over children motivates the initiation into behaviors of consumption, necessity, maintenace and persistence. It is necessary to forbid the broadcast of advertisements of sweets and food items that are co
Abstract
The action of sweets and soft drinks advertisements over children motivates the initiation into behaviors of consumption, necessity, maintenace and persistence. It is necessary [...]
- 5
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Orientación, acción tutorial y educación en medios de comunicación
J. Méndez Garrido

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 28

Abstract
In such a complex society as present-day one, in which the global village that McLuhan suggested is a throbbing reality, it is necessary to consider the process of educational guidance as a valid tool to forewarn and restore to normal the possible maladju
Abstract
In such a complex society as present-day one, in which the global village that McLuhan suggested is a throbbing reality, it is necessary to consider the process of educational [...]
- 0
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Estereotipos y valores en la prensa juvenil
A. Ciudad González

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 27

Abstract
We remark daily the great importance that the teenager’s magazines have between ours pupils (girls but also boys). These magazines, inside the audiovisual mass media, produce an authentic parallel curriculum, true text-book, really different (and opposed)
Abstract
We remark daily the great importance that the teenager’s magazines have between ours pupils (girls but also boys). These magazines, inside the audiovisual mass media, produce [...]
- 0
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Música e imagen en el aula
A. Sedeño Valdellos

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 26

Abstract
Music video, one of the most creative audiovisual messages, was originated by discographic industry to advertise and to promote rock and pop music in the eighties decade. This kind of text would be able to be changed into an useful assistant in the classr
Abstract
Music video, one of the most creative audiovisual messages, was originated by discographic industry to advertise and to promote rock and pop music in the eighties decade. [...]
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La discapacidad en el cine: propuestas para la acción educativa
O. Alegre de la Rosa

Comunicar. Media Education Research Journal (2002). Vol. 10, (1), 25

Abstract
Throughout history the cinema has reflected a lot of disability forms. This has always been from the point of view of a non-disabled. Disabled people are an important social group whose image can be affected by cinema approach where their point of view is
Abstract
Throughout history the cinema has reflected a lot of disability forms. This has always been from the point of view of a non-disabled. Disabled people are an important social [...]
- 1
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