Abstract

The sophistication of society and the scientific specialization lead to the fragmentation of the groups and the audiences. With congresses happens the same and in this paper the organization of more general and cross-discipline conferences is proposed. A review of the evolution of the congresses and their characteristics over the past 15 years in Spain is done. In the annex the main Spanish congresses are listed.

Abstract

The purpose of this report is to help policymakers improve economic development and job creation in Cameroon’s cities. The report is part of the World Bank’s Technical Assistance project on Enhancing Economic Performance of African Cities, supporting clients in the Ministry of Economy, Planning and Regional Development (MINEPAT), Ministry of Urban Development (MINDHU) and the Urban Metropolitan Councils (Communauté Urbaines), particularly of Douala, Kribi and Bamenda, in the areas of: a) economic analyses and b) institutional support to strengthen their ability to plan and implement relevant reforms. This study utilized various research methodologies including (1) desk based analysis of quantitative data; (2) focus group discussions with over 120 local firms and stakeholders in Douala, Bamenda, Kribi; and (3) institutional analysis of Cameroon’s decentralization framework to identify appropriate institutional mechanisms for promoting local economic development. The report highlights the importance of investing in Cameroon’s cities and makes key recommendations to national and local government for the key investments and reforms needed to improve economic competitiveness and job creation.

Abstract

International audience; During the last decade the air transport market was marked by the emergence and development of the low cost carriers (LCCs). The LCCs market share in Europe was indeed multiplied by 3 in 4 years, going from 5% in 2002 to 16% in 2006. This major change in the air transport market has strongly contributed to the trend towards privatization of airport ownership and management. One main result of such changes is the development of airports? new strategies to increase their attractiveness and their competitiveness. In this context, it is particularly relevant to focus on airport strategies and their future evolution. Which type of airport will be concerned by these strategies? Will new trends in airport strategies appear? What could be the impact of airport strategies development on the traffic distribution at airports? The FAST project aims at providing answers to these questions by analyzing the potential evolution of airport strategies in the next decade according to a defined typology of airports and by analyzing the potential impacts of such future strategies on traffic distribution at airports. The project is decomposed in three work-packages.