Abstract

The purpose of the study was to analyze the deposits in injectors with fuel mixture of 87 octane with percentages of anhydrous ethanol at 5 %, and 87 octane gasoline. The experimental phase was carried out in two ignition engine vehicles at a test height of 2810 msnm when traveling, each one, a distance of 3000 km inside the Metropolitan District of Quito. Two methods were applied: Stereoscopy or Vision for the analysis of the microfilters of the injectors, and the semiquantitative chemical analysis Scanning Electron Microscopy for the samples of the residues originated in the filters. In the case of Stereoscopy, in both vehicles, a reduction of clogging of the filters occurred when using gasoline with 5 % anhydrous ethanol. The Scanning Electron Microscopy allowed to conclude that there is a greater presence of the sulfur element with 4 % in the residues when using gasoline with 5 % ethanol, unlike 1 % in the waste when 87 octane gasoline is applied.

Abstract

Introduction The development of urbanization has had many negative outcomes in different societies. Population growth and the increase in the transportation are the consequences of urban growth which has resulted into problems. Vehicles are responsible for 90% of air pollution in Iran and it is essential to use authentic models of traffic emissions in accordance with the current conditions to predict this and future emissions. Iran has a lot of different air pollution dispersion parameters compared with the developed countries. Method In this paper air pollution emission parameters in signalized intersections have been modelled and results have been compared to measured concentrations of air pollution in intersections. For this purpose the use of IVE (International Vehicle Emission) model that is common air pollution modelling and besides, Sensitivity Analysis has been performed to show modeling accuracy in comparison with current emissions. Result By modeling and measurement results, it’s easily understood in warm seasons emission concentration is more than cold seasons. Minimum and maximum rate of Carbon-monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen-oxides (NOX) has been evaluated. Conclusion IVE model has shown a bit difference amount of pollutions by comparison with field measurement emission. It could be said it is appropriate for model vehicle emission in Iran. Document type: Article