Abstract

Audiovisual media are part of children´s daily life. They build and/or replace a part of the reality that is sometimes preceded. This paper is interested in one of the elements of the audiovisual binomial, the soundtrack, in order to analyse its meaning and sense from the children’s point of view. The objectives are: to determine if the audiovisual media clips to which children are exposed (sound, image and all) are perceived differently; to establish the possible differences in the assessment they make when comparing the sound and image presentation modalities. Fourteen audiovisual media (movies, series, cartoons and documentaries) were identified by 115 children (10-12 years old) as preferred. Audiovisuals were edited in three modalities (sound, image, and all) and grouped into different series of three clips, which were watched in group sessions by 547 Spanish and Argentinian children (mean age: 11 years old). An Assessment Questionnaire of audiovisual clips was designed and implemented. Results showed differences in the meaning of the soundtrack in three of the five categories of the questionnaire. The significant predominance of the sound in series, documentaries and, especially, movies is highlighted. Contextual space-time elements, affective implications, feelings, and empathy as well as assessment of the experience are all perceived by means of the sound (the music).

Abstract

The article presents a comprehensive solution proposed in response to the last mile problem tackled in freight"br" transport. This specific part of the supply chain requires considerable funding, particularly in urban areas, as well"br" as organisational solutions specifically matching the needs of the given territory. One of the measures"br" undertaken under of the S-mile project was implementation of an ICT solution enabling integration of large"br" transport companies (system clients, in this case) with carriers along with reduction of negative environmental"br" impact of freight transport. Basic modules of the extended S-mileSys system are as follows: S-mile Market Tool"br" (supporting contacts between an urban carrier and customers), S-mile Freighter Tool, S-mile Fleet Management"br" Tool and S-mile Simulation Tool (supporting fleet management by means of such features as e.g. vehicle"br" assignment optimisation algorithms, route planning etc.), S-mile Transport Planner Tool (used for route planning"br" optimisation) as well as S-mile Visualizer Tool (Big Data base addressing local authorities, enabling them to"br" generate a concise review of the overall impact of freight transport on the given area, of the emission distribution"br" as well as of the freight transport distribution against the transport network for spatial planning). The article also"br" provides a description illustrating individual phases of interaction between clients/users and the system.

Abstract

This study analyzes the development of the urban rail transit industry in China from an overall and macroscopic perspective. Multiple factors were considered, such as the degree of urbanization, non-public vehicle ownership, road capacity, and modal share of public transport in international metropolises, as well as planning and construction of urban rail transit systems in China’s large and extra-large cities. Through extensive investigations and research, this paper presents a comprehensive, systematic, and in-depth analysis and explanation of the domestic social demands and environmental background for the development of urban rail transit in China. Based on national development policies and strategic plans, information on current cutting-edge technologies, the adaptability of various urban rail transit modes, industrial technologies, local finances as well as investment and financing models, this study analyzes the opportunities and challenges that the development of urban rail transit in China faces over the 2016–2020 period aligned with China’s 13th Five-Year Plan. This paper aims to provide a forecast and outlook on the period’s ten major trends. The predicted trends include expanded scale, differentiated development, networked structure, multimodal transit systems, industrial standardization, intelligent systems, self-developed technology, diversified funding, international markets, and strategic planning. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the current situation, development prospects, and future trends of urban rail transit in China and proposes corresponding measures and strategies. The findings can serve as an important and valuable reference for the development of urban rail transit in China and other countries. Document type: Article