Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare and examine the performance of an engine, using gasoline with 92 octanes (Super), 87 octanes (Extra) and two volume mixtures of these two types of gasoline, the first one had 50% of volume of each type, the second one had a volume value of 70% of Super with 30% of Extra. To evaluate the performance of the engine, a dynamometer was used to obtain the characteristics curves of power and torque, a gas analyzer was used to determine the level of emission of pollutant gases from the engine (CO, CO2, HC, y NOx), finally an homologated cycle was carried out to measure fuel consumption. The mixture of Super 50% with Extra 50% obtained a higher power value with 81.3 HP, the Super gasoline obtained a higher torque value of 89.2 lb-ft, in cycle ASM 2525, the CO, HC and NOx were measured, the Super gasoline, Extra gasoline and the mixture of 50% of each gasoline were the least polluting ones, in cycle ASM 5015, CO, HC and NOx were measured, Super gasoline, Extra and the Super 70% V mixture with Extra 30% V respectively were less polluting, in the static gas test the least polluting was Super.

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to analyze the deposits in injectors with fuel mixture of 87 octane with percentages of anhydrous ethanol at 5 %, and 87 octane gasoline. The experimental phase was carried out in two ignition engine vehicles at a test height of 2810 msnm when traveling, each one, a distance of 3000 km inside the Metropolitan District of Quito. Two methods were applied: Stereoscopy or Vision for the analysis of the microfilters of the injectors, and the semiquantitative chemical analysis Scanning Electron Microscopy for the samples of the residues originated in the filters. In the case of Stereoscopy, in both vehicles, a reduction of clogging of the filters occurred when using gasoline with 5 % anhydrous ethanol. The Scanning Electron Microscopy allowed to conclude that there is a greater presence of the sulfur element with 4 % in the residues when using gasoline with 5 % ethanol, unlike 1 % in the waste when 87 octane gasoline is applied.

Abstract

utomobile industry is one of the most developed industries in Ukraine and in the world today. The ever-increasing demand for transportation leads to an increase in demand for fuel, which in turn increases its deficit and value. Therefore, the high cost of traditional hydrocarbon fuels and the constant reduction of their world reserves compels scientists to find renewable biofuels. The objective of this paper is to present results of a study aimed at investigating the possibility of using alternative fuels derived from the alcohol industry waste, in pure form and as additives to hydrocarbon fuels. According to the results, the main technical and operational properties of alternative fuels received on the basis of A-92 petrol and fusel oils, experimental values of density, viscosity, distillation temperature on the ENGLER machine, temperature of formation steam congestion, their optimal percentages in the mix for different types were obtained in internal combustion engines. The findings of the research also indicate that an addition of fusel oils to A-92 gasoline leads to improvement of the viscosity-temperature characteristics of formed mixtures and increase in the temperature of formation steam cork, which ultimately reduces the consumption of fuels by 10-12% and also contributes to solving the problem of recycling fusel oils.