Abstract

The paper is aimed to present industrial applications of sheet stamping simulation using new finite element formulations developed in the International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering in Barcelona. Theoretical formulation is briefly reviewed. Both continuum and shell elements have been considered. The new shell elements developed are based on a geometrically exact shell model treating the shell as one-director Cosserat surface. The formulation of the continuum elements employs the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient tensor into its elastic and plastic parts. The new finite element models have been implemented in the in-house explicit dynamic code STAMPACK. A number of practical problems of sheet metalforming have been solved with the program. Some of the problems, namely stamping of a kitchen sink, hydraulic forming of an aeronautical part and stamping of a food can, have been presented in the paper. The examples give an idea of practical information that can be obtained from the computer simulation of a forming process. The results confirm a good behaviour of the formulation and program used in the industrial applications.

Abstract

This study utilizes ABAQUS finite element software to analyze embankment deformation during shield tunneling. Results reveal that shield tunneling effects are manageable.The left tunnel line successfully tunnels beneath the embankment, causing a maximum settlement of 8.7 mm, meeting regulations. The ground surface exhibits a "V"-shaped lateral settlement trough, approximately five times the tunnel centerline width. Conversely, the right tunnel line induces a more extensive impact, with a 12.2 mm maximum settlement.Different lateral settlement patterns emerge in soil at varying depths. The left tunnel creates a "V" shape, with slightly increasing settlement above the tunnel axis as depth increases, accompanied by narrower troughs. The right tunnel line results in a pronounced "W" shape, especially at the grouting layer depth.Horizontal displacement forms an "S" shape, with maximum displacement at positions ±i from the tunnel axis. The right tunnel line induces greater maximum horizontal displacement than the left.In summary, this numerical analysis provides insights into embankment deformation during shield tunneling, aiding in assessing the impact and guiding safe tunneling beneath embankments.

Abstract