Abstract

Widespread use of the Internet in 21st century society is not risk-free. This paper studies the comorbidity of some problematic uses of Internet with depression in order to assess their correlation. With that aim, a meta-analysis of 19 samples obtained from 13 different studies (n=33,458) was carried out. The subjects of these studies are adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years (µ=15.68) from different cultures and continents (Europe, Euro-Asia, America and Asia). The effect size obtained from the use of a random-effects model (r=0.3, p"0.000) is significant, moderate and positive, thus confirming the relation between pathologic uses of the Internet and depression. Moreover, meta-regression test results showed that 9% of the variance (R2=0.09) is associated with the male gender, while age and culture are not significant variables. The variability rate of the studies is high (I2=87.085%), as a consequence of heterogeneity rather than publication bias, as Egger’s regression test shows (1-tailed p-value=0.25; 2-tailed p-value=0.50, and ?=1.57). Therefore, the need for specific interventions in secondary education dealing with this issue is evident to ensure that it does not extend into adult life.

Abstract

To correlate clinical, social, demographic characteristics and depressive symptoms with suicide risk among parents of patients with neuromuscular diseases in rehabilitation. The study design was prospective, transversal and analytic the study was conducted on parents of children with neuromuscular diseases (NMD), from the Teletón Childrens rehabilitation centre of Western Mexico (Centro de Rehabilitación Teletón de Occidente), through the use of individual validated standardised tests, Becks depression inventory and Plutchiks suicide risk scale. Correlation was measured between suicide risk, depressive symptoms and clinical, social-demographic characteristics. The informed consent was obtained from all participants 54 parents were evaluated, 52 (96%) were mothers, average age 43.43 ±8.2 (20 to 58). The average age of children was 16.61 ±5.6 (8 to 27). 24% of parents showed depression, 15% of participants showed suicidal risk. Social or demographic factors were not correlated with suicide risk. Neither, the clinical characteristics of the patients with neuromuscular diseases were correlated to suicide risk in participants. There was direct correlation of depressive symptoms with suicide risk (r = 0.86, r2 = 0.73). Multivariate analysis only revealed significant data on indecision (rm=18.48), feelings of guilt (rm=11.44), pessimism (rm=11.38), loss of interest in sex (rm=8.4) and active suicide ideation (rm=14.04). The suicide risk in the parents of children with NMD are correlated with depressive symptoms, mainly, indecision, feelings of guilt, pessimism and suicide ideation. Based on results, the parents of children with NMD must be involved in prevention strategies for depression symptoms and suicide behavior.

Abstract

The short version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21, Lovibond y Lovibond, 1995) has been shown to have appropriate psychometric properties among Chilean adolescents and undergraduates. The current study was aimed at determining the cut-off scores of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) for screening Chilean youngsters at risk of mental health problems and requiring mental health treatment. The sample comprised 393 non-patients youngsters aged 15-24 and 77 youngsters at early stage of psychotherapy. The presence of symptoms was used as gold standard for estimating the cut-off betWeen non-symptomatic youngsters and symptomatic patients. Receiving Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses allowed examining accuracy of each scale and sensitivity and specificity analysis was performed for determining the cut-off points. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was higher than 0.9 for each scale of the DASS-21. The optimal cut-off score for the Depression scale was 6 and above, which resulted in sensitivity=88, 46 and specificity=86, 77, and a cut-off of 5 and above was optimal for the anxiety scale, with a sensitivity of 87, 50 and specificity of 83, 38.The Stress Scale had sensitivity of 81, 48 and specificity of 71, 36 at the optimal cut-off score of 6 and above. These findings suggest that the DASS-21 performs adequately as a screening tool to identify Chilean young people at risk of mental health problems.

Abstract

Depression occupies one of the first places as a reason for consultation in psychiatry, with university students being one of the groups most affected. The objective of this investigation was to determine the frequency of depression and associated risk factors in students from the first to the eighth semester in a UCLA Deanery January-May 2013. A cross-sectional, observational analytical study was carried out, In 230 students, 149 females and 81 males. Data collection included a self-administered questionnaire for the measurement of risk factors, validated by experts, and the Beck Depression Inventory of 21 items. It was evidenced that there are 22.6% of depressed students, of whom 20.0% correspond to mild depression and 2.6% to moderate depression. There was a higher frequency of depression in the female sex (25.3%); In students over 20 years old (24.2%); In foreigners (28.1%); In students from the III and VII semesters (29.4% and 34.8%, respectively). In students with regular academic performance, 36.2% (p = 0.0001) of depression was observed; In those who do not share quality time with their family, 50% were evidenced (p = 0.0000); 44.4% (p = 0.000) and 50% (p = 0.007), respectively. Likewise, there is a 35.7% depression rate in students who have poor teacher-student relationships (p = 0.0007), with no respect (p = 0.021) and equity (p = 0.003). Likewise, 28.9% of students with depression have a poor relationship with their classmates. In conclusion, there is a significant percentage of depressed students, mild depression prevailing in them, however, non-depressed students present some risk factors. This paper aims to serve as a pioneer in the aforementioned campus for other research since there is little information on the subject

Abstract

Introduction: Previous studies have reported high comorbidity between ADHD and anxiety and depressive spectrum disorders, however, few studies have been carried out on the subject in young university students. The present study evaluated the relationship between ADHD and the presence of depressive and anxious symptoms in university students from a medicine program in Manizales.

Materials and methods: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional research. Sample: 362 university students from a medical program. Instruments used: CAGE questionnaire, Beck's depression and anxiety scale, DSM-5 checklist for ADHD.

Results: Average age of 20.32 years. Of the total population 3.3% of a history of ADHD, of which 1.9% of treatment received. 56.36% symptoms current inattentive symptoms, 4.4% impulsive and hyperactive symptoms and 4.4% combined subtype. The absence of depressive symptoms according to the Beck scale is associated with symptoms of absence of inactive symptoms (Pvalor = 0.000), impulsive and hyperactive symptoms (Pvalor = 0.000) and mixed symptoms according to DMS-5 (Pvalor = 0.000). As the severity of depressive symptoms increases, inattentive symptoms, impulsive and hyperactive symptoms, and DSM-5 mixed symptoms increase (Pvalor = 0.000). A significant association was found between the presence of anxious symptoms and inattentive, impulsive, hyperactive and mixed symptoms according to the DSM-5 (Pvalor = 0.000).

Conclusions: ADHD symptoms are associated with the presence of anxious symptoms and depressive symptoms in university students of a medical program

Introduction: Previous studies [...]				

Abstract

The aim of the study was analyze the relationship of stress, depression and coping strategies with PTSD in a sample of patients with breast cancer. With a nonrandom sample of 52 women with breast cancer. The results indicate a relationship between PTSD and stress (r = .344, p = .014), PTSD and depression (rs = .346, p = .013), PTSD and cognitive avoidance (r = .437, p = .001), PTSD and hopelessness (rs = .437, p = .001) and the anxious concern with PTSD (rs =. 581, p = .001). The predictors of PTSD were stress, depression, cognitive avoidance and hopelessness, explaining 43.9% of the variance.

Abstract

In Mexico the process of aging is growing rapidly therefore there are structural changes on the all areas of the life. High levels of poverty exist in the country, which they do of the population of major adults a vulnerable group. In this population the factors that they contribute to his well-being are determined by different situation of his/her life. In relation to the mental health the most frequent suffering is the depression that unlike other social groups the factors that unleash it are different. The aim is to know if difference exists in the levels well-being satisfaction between men and women. Also to know if the level of well-being is relates to the depression. The sample size was 201 major adults who live in situation of poverty in 17 municipalities of the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara, Mexico. The 47.8% was men, the rest (52.2%) women, the average of age is of x˜ =77.6, s=5.8. The comparative analyses showed that the factors that make feel satisfied both men and women are the health and the love of their children. Also the religion (in women) as the relation of spouse (in men) they are factors that favor the well-being of the major adults. The men have better perception of health that the women. Finally in both groups the levels of depression are related principally with being healthy, to be alive and to live in peace.

Abstract

Effective symptom management is a critical component of cancer treatment. Computational tools that predict the course and severity of these symptoms have the potential to assist oncology clinicians to personalize the patient’s treatment regimen more efficiently and provide more aggressive and timely interventions. Three common and inter-related symptoms in cancer patients are depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. In this paper, we elaborate on the efficiency of Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Non-linear Canonical Correlation Analysis by Neural Networks (n-CCA) to predict the severity of the aforementioned symptoms between two different time points during a cycle of chemotherapy (CTX). Our results demonstrate that these two methods produced equivalent results for all three symptoms. These types of predictive models can be used to identify high risk patients, educate patients about their symptom experience, and improve the timing of pre-emptive and personalized symptom management interventions. Document type: Article