Abstract

The continuous growth of the urban population has generated a drastic expansion of our cities. Nowadays, indeed, more than 50 % of the world’s population is urban, and they forecast that it will reach 70 % by 2050. Therefore, cities need to be ready to accommodate this huge amount of citizens and to face new challenges (e.g., traffic congestion, air pollution, waste management, etc.). The concept of cyber-physical systems, as integration of computation and physical processes, can help toward the realization of real smart cities capable to ensure sustainability and efficiency. To this purpose, this chapter investigates the cyber-physical system (CPS) and their cyber-physical object (CPO) as key units, in the context of a smart city concept. We survey the smart city vision, providing information on the main requirements, the open challenges, and highlighting the benefits; we also browse the European Commission initiatives for smart cities and some pilot projects that are in development.

Abstract

The manufacturers and the operators of the fleets of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are subjected to huge expectations expressed in terms of the availability and reliability of the provided products and services during the exploitation of these fleets in dynamic environments. These expectations foster the fleet manufacturers, particularly in the transportation sector, to develop effective mechanisms as far as the reactive planning of the maintenance operations at the fleet level is concerned. In this research work, a multi-agent system (MAS) for the reactive maintenance planning of a fleet of CPSs is proposed. The proposed MAS is conceived by using the ANEMONA design methodology and it aims at optimizing the fleet maintenance planning decisions to meet the specified objectives. The experiments carried out in the course of this work demonstrate the ability of the proposed MAS in planning the fleet maintenance effectively (i.e. satisfying the fleet’s availability and reliability requirements in a static environment) and reactively (i.e. being able to adapt/modify the fleet maintenance planning decisions following perturbations). The effectiveness of the MAS model is validated by a mathematical programming model and its reactivity is tested by using simulated perturbations. An application in rail transport industry to the fleet of trains at Bombardier Transportation France is proposed. The proposed MAS is integrated in a decision support system called "MainFleet". The development of Main-Fleet at Bombardier is ongoing.; Les industriels et les opérateurs des flottes de systèmes cyber-physiques (CPS) sont soumis à de fortes exigences exprimées en termes de disponibilité, fiabilité des produits et des services fournis lors de l’exploitation de ces flottes dans des environnements dynamiques. Ces attentes incitent les industriels, et notamment dans le secteur du transport, à développer des mécanismes efficaces de planification réactive des opérations de maintenance au niveau de la flotte. Dans cette thèse, un système multi-agent (SMA) pour la planification réactive de la maintenance d’une flotte de CPS est proposé. Ce SMA est construit en utilisant la méthode de conception ANEMONA et a pour objectif d’optimiser la planification de la maintenance au niveau flotte afin de répondre aux exigences spécifiées. Les expériences réalisées au cours de ces travaux démontrent la capacité de ce SMA à planifier la maintenance de la flotte de manière efficace (c'est-à-dire satisfaire les exigences de disponibilité et de fiabilité de la flotte dans un environnement statique) et de manière réactive (c'est-à-dire être capable d'adapter/de modifier les décisions de planification de la maintenance à la suite des perturbations). L'efficacité de ce modèle SMA est validée par un modèle mathématique et sa réactivité est testée par simulation de perturbations. Une application dans le domaine ferroviaire au sein de Bombardier Transport France est proposée. Le SMA est intégré à un système d’aide à la décision dénommé « MainFleet ». Le développement de MainFleet est en cours.

Abstract

ong"Dzhala R., Dzhala V., Horon B., Senyuk O., Verbenets’ B. Information Technology of Surveys and Diagnostics of Underground Pipelines // 2019 XIth International Scientific and Practical Conference on Electronics and Information Technologies (ELIT), September 16–18, 2019, Lviv, Ukraine. P. 214–218."/strong" The problems of inspections, nondestructive testing, and diagnostics of underground pipelines from the standpoint of the structure and functioning of modern cyber-physical systems are discussed. Method and apparatus for contactless measurement of currents with memory and automatic computer processing of results improve efficiency and information of testing to ensure the reliability and extension of trouble-free operation of pipelines. Document type: Conference object

Abstract

The increase volume of vehicles circulating in large cities and the limited space for parking are factors that motivate the adoption of systems capable of dealing with such problems. In this context, smart parking systems are suitable solutions to avoid the traffic congestion, the air pollution and the long search to find a free parking spot. The inclusion of emergent ICT technologies and artificial intelligence techniques, and particularly using multi-agent systems, combined under the scope of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), ensure flexibility, modularity, adaptability and the decentralization of intelligence through autonomous, cooperative and proactive entities. Such smart parking systems can be easily adapted to any type of vehicle to be parked and scalable in terms of the number of parking spots and drivers/vehicles. A fundamental issue in these agent-based CPS parking systems is the interconnection between the cyber and physical counterparts, i.e. between the software agents and the physical asset controllers to access the parking spots. This paper focuses on developing an agent-based CPS for a smart parking system and particularly addressing how the software agents are interconnected with the physical asset controllers using proper Internet of Things technologies. The proposed approach was implemented in two distinct parking systems, one for bicycles and another for cars, showing an efficient, modular, adaptable and scalable operation. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Abstract

In recent years, the intense urbanization, and consequently the traffic congestion, has been a major concern of large cities. In this context, the development of smart parkings is a suitable solution to deal with this problem. However, the complexity and requirements imposed by such large-scale systems are an obstacle to its easy implementation. In this sense, it is fundamental to adopt emergent ICT and Artificial Intelligence technologies that are capable to address the imposed requirements. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is a suitable approach to face this challenge by providing modularity, flexibility, reconfigurability and fast response to condition change based on its decentralized nature. The use of such agent-based solutions to control physical assets, create novel systems entitled Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) where the interconnection between the cyber and the physical parts is a crucial issue. This paper focuses the interface between the software agents of a smart parking system with the physical control devices of the parking spots. For this purpose, different interface practices were implemented and tested, considering different interaction schemes and technologies. These alternative interface practices were analyzed taking into consideration the response time, scalability and re-usability parameters. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion