Abstract

Advertising influences peoples health behaviors. Tobacco companies have linked tobacco and alcohol in their marketing activities. We examined how depictions of alcohol were placed in lifestyle magazines produced by tobacco companies, and if these references differed depending on the magazine’s orientation, if it was towards men, women, or if it was unisex. Content analysis of 6 different tobacco industry lifestyle magazines (73 issues), including 73 magazine covers, 1558 articles, 444 tobacco ads, and 695 non-tobacco ads. 14 of 73 (19%) magazine covers featured alcohol, 581 of 1558 (37%) magazine articles mentioned alcohol, 119 of 444 (27%) tobacco ads showed alcohol images, and 57 of 695 (8%) non-tobacco ads portrayed alcohol. Male-oriented magazines (Unlimited, CML, and Real Edge) contained the most alcohol references, and the references were mainly beer, mixed drinks, and liquor or spirits. Female-oriented magazines (All Woman and Flair) contained the fewest alcohol references, and wine and mixed drinks were the major types of alcoholic beverage portrayed. For the unisex magazine (P.S.), the frequency of alcohol references fell between the male- and female-oriented magazines, and the magazine most frequently mentioned mixed drinks. Frequent depictions of smoking and drinking in tobacco industry lifestyle magazines might have reinforced norms about paired use of tobacco and alcohol among young adults. The pairing of tobacco and alcohol may particularly target young men. Anti-tobacco interventions need to address the co-use of tobacco and alcohol, change the social acceptability of smoking in social settings, and tailor anti-tobacco messaging by gender.

Abstract

This study explored associations between group memberships and recovery capital amongst 20 young adults aged 18 to 21 years in residential alcohol and drug treatment. Participants completed an interviewer administered research interview based on measures of recovery capital and a social networks assessment mapping group memberships, group substance use, and relationships between groups. Higher personal and social recovery capital was associated with lower diversity of group memberships, a higher number of positive links between groups, and greater compatibility of lower substance-using groups with other groups in the network. Higher compatibility of heavier-using groups was also associated with having a higher number of negative, antagonistic ties between groups. These findings indicate that it is higher compatibility of a lower substance-using social identity and lower-using group memberships that contributes to recovery capital. Further, positive ties between groups and lower diversity of group memberships appear to be key aspects in how multiple social identities that are held by young adults relate to personal and social recovery capital.

Abstract

Physical activity in any means is important for all, irrespective of age and gender, however, shift from the adolescence to adulthood is considered to be more susceptible to gain obesity and health risks. It is agreed that physical activity patterns, established in young adult life stage, are likely to endure for a long time. So, to promote active travel behavior and improve health condition of the future adults, young adult is an important life stage to intervene. The purpose of this study is to explore how individual, social, and environmental factors do influence the commuting behavior of emerging adults primarily. Grenoble city is selected as a case for the study. Two institutions (Institut d'Urbanisme de Grenoble (IUG) and Institut de géographie alpine (IGA)) of Université Grenoble Alpes and École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Grenoble (ENSAG) are selected to study the students aged 18 to 25. The association between different factors and active travel behavior of the students are analyzed using both spatial and statistical analysis techniques. For spatial analysis, a face to face interview is conducted through spatial mapping (geocoding) and three spatial attributes (land use, land use mix and public transport service area) are considered as the basis for the analysis. For statistical analysis, in addition with the face to face interview, an online questionnaire survey is conducted, focused on three types of factors (socio-demographic, travel, and environmental factors) associated with the active travel behavior of young adults. Both descriptive statistics and binary logit model are used for this purpose. The findings from these two analyses reveal that there are significant relationships exist between different socio-demographic, travel and environmental factors and students’ active travel behaviors. Besides, this study also explores the potentiality of different alternative strategies adopted in the city of Grenoble and gaps of these interventions from the perspective of students. Therefore, this research justifies the importance of young adult life stage for the promotion of active transportation and potentiality of their participation in research works.

Abstract

One of the challenges of the present century is to achieve adolescents and young adults’ complete development taking as a basis healthy behaviours and a culture of selfcare. On this basis in Toluca, a town in the State of Mexico, an interdisciplinary group has started an action programme dedicated to produce communicative and educational strategies to improve face-to-face and media interactions in order to promote a healthy behaviour in this group of population.