Abstract

The existence or lack of media accountability instruments in Catalonia, Galicia, Madrid, and Valencia is described. Among the 60 instruments analyzed are journalists associations and unions, press councils, codes of ethics, regulatory authorities, laws regulating the media, online media criticism by journalists bloggers, blogs about media written by members of the public, and viewers associations. A comparative perspective allows us to identify the status of these instruments in the areas studied, including their similarities and differences, and determine which ones are more consolidated within the studied media context.