Abstract

The concepts of disinformation and misinformation have almost as many meanings as the number of authors who have treated them. Considered from the semiotic and psychological point of view, disinformation and misinformation seem to be the result of the inadequacy of what is communicated to the reality of an object. The focus of both Political Science and Public Relations is set on disinformation / misinformation as an example of how masses and public opinion can be manipulated, while the vision of Communication Sciences and Information considers such behaviours as natural features of the media in a clearly oversaturated communications ecosystem. This paper describes the different approaches to the topic of disinformation/misinformation made in the above mentioned scientific disciplines.

Abstract

Web 2.0 has become an important space for citizens to get together and spread their complaints on matters of public interest. In Peru, we can see this in citizen campaigns that are organized on the Internet. In 2007, the most important campaign was “Adopt a congressman”, that demanded Peruvian legislators to show their operating expenses. Another known case is “D’onofrio, far from you”, a protest against the ice-cream factory D’onofrio that took place on Facebook, Twitter and blogs. The protest was motivated by a promotion that said the factory was going to sell all of its ice creams for one sol for a couple of days. However, people had trouble finding ice cream men those days, and most of them just sold only the products that usually cost one sol.

Both experiences were part of a thesis (Chauca, 2012), which aims to describe how networks of public opinion are built in Web 2.0, and how these networks provoke a response from the traditional media. The thesis was based on three theoretical perspectives: sociology of message production, construction of public opinion and computer-mediated discourse analysis. These perspectives helped to analyze the content produced by internet users, and also the way the media spread those contents. Bloggers and editors of different media were interviewed to know their production routines.

Abstract

The growing presence of Internet and social networks into the structure of social information and their integration into traditional journalism, give the idea of a shift in the relationship between media and its users, placing them as partners in the development of public agendas. However, the change seems to focus on the activation of parallel information systems, remote from the original proposal of Civic Journalism. The purpose of this paper is to recover the meaning and the original proposals of this current, distinguishing it from functional uses that Internet provides to the media today. At the same time, investigates the model at theoretical and methodological level, rescuing the few cases in the country.

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