Abstract

International audience; We introduce an electric vehicle routing problem combining conventional, plug-in hybrid, and electric vehicles. Electric vehicles are constrained in their service range by their battery capacity, and may require time-consuming recharging operations at some [...]

Abstract

SUMMARY This article investigates charging strategies for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) as part of the energy system. The objective was to increase the combined all-electric mileage (total distance driven using only the traction batteries in each PHEV) when the total [...]