Abstract

In this paper, a second order SL-PFEM scheme for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is presented. This scheme is based on the second order velocity Verlet algorithm, which uses an explicit integration for the particle’s trajectory and an implicit integration [...]

Abstract

On gravel roads, tires are not in direct contact with the surface. Particles of e.g. sand or stone contact directly with the tire and cause the tire to wear. During the sliding process, an interaction between particles and the tire occurs. On simplified conditions investigation [...]