Abstract

In order to address the Signal Setting Design at urban level two main approaches may be pursued: the coordination and the synchronisation approaches depending on the steps considered for the optimisation of decision variables (two steps vs. one step). Furthermore, in terms of objective functions mono-criterion or multi-criteria may be adopted. In this paper the coordination approach is implemented considering the multi-criteria optimisation at single junctions and mono-criterion optimisation at network level whereas the synchronisation is implemented considering the mono-criterion optimisation. The main purpose of the paper is the evaluation of the performances of two strategies not only considering indicators such as the total delay, the queue length etc. but also considering other indicators such as the emissions and the fuel consumption. The methodological framework is composed by three stages: (i) the decision variables (green timings and offsets) computation through optimisation methods; (ii) the implementation of optimal signal settings in a microscopic traffic flow simulator (“Simulation of Urban MObility”-SUMO); (iii) the estimation of emissions and fuel consumption indicators. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

Nowadays, P2P applications proliferate in the Internet with distinct utilization contexts, being also an attractive model for the deployment of advanced Internet services. However, there are several undesirable effects that are caused by such applications, raising coexistence problems with Internet Service Providers (ISPs). In this context, using as case study BitTorrent like applications, this work explores a collaborative framework allowing that advanced efforts could be carried on between P2P applications and network level entities. In order to illustrate such framework, several Traffic Engineering (TE) mechanisms are devised in order to align some P2P dynamics with particular objectives pursued by network administrators. The simulation results show that both the proposed framework and corresponding illustrative mechanisms are viable and can effectively foster future research efforts within this field. (undefined) Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

The economic effects of existing and prospective federal policies governing intercity and international freight and passenger transportation enterprises in the economy of the United States are evaluated. The analysis encompasses all modes of transportation, including rail, motor, water, air and intermodal coordinative institutions, and focuses upon the impact of alternative regulatory policies. Volume IV includes: an introduction; transport economics at the network level; airline policy analysis at the industrial level--a preview; demand in airline markets; airline policy analysis at the firm level--a preview; and a summary and conclusions. Document type: Report