Abstract

Climate change is a global problem that affects the state of conservation of ecosystems in all regions of the world; as well as in the Chimborazo Fauna Production Reserve, which is linked to anthropogenic activities inside and outside it, such as the extensive and intensive grazing of sheep and cattle that have caused effects on vegetation and soil given to the consumption of native plants and all ecosystem processes because they are related to each other. The methodology used to achieve optimal discrimination of vegetation change and conservation status is obtained through the application of satellite images LANDSAT 5, LANDSAT 7, orthophotos and aerial photographs from 1962 to 1966 up to 2010 distributed in three periods; using procedures such as supervised classification and the calculation of the Normalized Differential Index of Vegetation. Anthropogenic activity for the period 1962-1966 determines 0.26% and snow is 10.30%, while for the period 2010-2011, the percentage of intervention increases to 9.54% and the snow decreases to 4.46%, evidencing the loss of perpetual snow due to solar radiation.

Abstract

This work evaluates the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Water Stress Index (CWSI) in tuna crops, located in the Guano Canton of Chimborazo Province, Ecuador. The area of interest (AOI) included the parishes of San Andres and Guano, in which the texture of the soil was determined with the existing data in Ecuador's National Information System (SNI), a satellite image of Sentinel 2A from June 16 2018 was used. Raster functions were applied to obtain an approximate and referential mean of NDVI, the reflectance received from both the soil and the tuna crop (SAVI) and the perspiration corresponding to the water stress (CSWI) of the tuna plots. Finally, we obtained approximate and referential NDVI data with a value of 0.31, SAVI values reflecting soil and crop data, and a very low CWSI, showing that perspiration is minimal, so it can be concluded that drip irrigation is a suitable technique for increasing tuna production.