Abstract

This paper gives information about Renewable Energy Generation and its impacts on E-Mobility. By 2050, the two pillars of modern transformation are E-Mobility and Renewable Energy. This transformation requires adaptation to meet demographic and economic growth without increasing pollution and congestion. The modern world needs affordable, secure and inclusive, sustainable and integrated with customer-centric infrastructure and services. There is a great fundamental change needed in road transportation sector, which is to achieve its objective of a long term transition to a low-carbon economy. Electric Vehicles when charged with the electricity generated from Renewable Energy Sources can reduce future emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants from road transport. Electric Vehicles combined with renewable energy paint a different picture from the oversimplification of gas miles versus electric miles.Smart Mobility and Smart Grid technologies make people live more sustainable and efficiently.

Abstract

The article considers the role of the transportation system in the sustainable development of cities. The article pays special attention to the development dynamics of road transport in Russia and of the emissions of air pollutants by motor vehicles. The role and significance of fuel taxes in the system of government revenue are investigated. The author analyzes the existing system of fuel taxes in the Russian Federation and concludes that the mechanism of taxing motor fuel is based on consumption and does not take into account the adverse impact on the environment and the energy content of fuels. The author provides arguments for changing the mechanism of calculating the rate of the excise tax on motor fuel so that it factors in its energy efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions. A conclusion is drawn that the introduction of the proposed adjustments would produce a substantial fiscal impact on government revenues and would make it possible to eliminate the existing distortions for two competing sources of energy (petrol versus diesel fuel); would encourage the use and development of public transport and help reduce the emissions of air pollutants. The objective of the study is to work out proposals for improving fuel taxation that would also contribute to the sustainable development of cities. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved. The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, contract No. 17-22-21001.

Abstract

Research reveals that visual information forms the major portion of the received data for driving. At night -owing to the, sometimes scarcity, sometime inhomogeneity of light- the human physiology and psychology experiences a dramatic alteration. It is found that although the likelihood of accident occurrence is higher during the day due to heavier traffic, the most fatal accidents still occur during night time. How can road safety be improved in limited lighting conditions using DMD-based high resolution headlamps? DMD-based pixel light systems, utilizing HID and LED light sources, are able to address hundreds of thousands of pixels individually. Using camera information, this capability allows 'glare-free' light distributions that perfectly adapt to the needs of all road users. What really enables these systems to stand out however, is their on-road image projection capability. This projection functionality may be used in co-operation with other driver assistance systems as an assist feature for the projection of navigation data, warning signs, car status information etc. Since contrast sensitivity constitutes a decisive measure of the human visual function, here is then a core question: what distributions of luminance in the projection space produce highly visible on-road image projections? This work seeks to address this question. Responses on sets of differently illuminated projections are collected from a group of participants and later interpreted using statistical data obtained using a luminance camera. Some aspects regarding the correlation between contrast ratio, symbol form and attention capture are also discussed.

Abstract

In this study, we present a bilevel programming model in which upper level is defined as a biobjective problem and the lower level is considered as a stochastic user equilibrium assignment problem. It is clear that the biobjective problem has two objectives: the first maximizes the reserve capacity whereas the second minimizes performance index of a road network. We use a weighted-sum method to determine the Pareto optimal solutions of the biobjective problem by applying normalization approach for making the objective functions dimensionless. Following, a differential evolution based heuristic solution algorithm is introduced to overcome the problem presented by use of biobjective bilevel programming model. The first numerical test is conducted on two-junction network in order to represent the effect of the weighting on the solution of combined reserve capacity maximization and delay minimization problem. Allsop & Charlesworth's network, which is a widely preferred road network in the literature, is selected for the second numerical application in order to present the applicability of the proposed model on a medium-sized signalized road network. Results support authorities who should usually make a choice between two conflicting issues, namely, reserve capacity maximization and delay minimization. C1 [Baskan, Ozgur; Ceylan, Huseyin] Pamukkale Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fac Engn, TR-20160 Denizli, Turkey. [Ozan, Cenk] Adnan Menderes Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Fac Engn, TR-09100 Aydin, Turkey. Document type: Article