Abstract

In chronic nasal obstructive syndrome, mucosal desiccation occurs, causing cilia to be damaged and becoming more susceptible to infection and altering pulmonary function. A bibliographic review was carried out including 28 documents, with the aim of describing the main elements of Nasal Obstructive Syndrome in pediatric patients. Nasal Obstructive Syndrome is considered worldwide one of the most frequent diseases in children and adolescents. Nasal obstruction is a symptom that is frequently presented in dentistry. It manifests as a discomfort, which manifests as a sensation of insufficient airflow through the nose. There are anatomical, physiological and neurological/iatrogenic factors that can cause nasal obstruction. Therefore, it is always pertinent to perform a detailed anamnesis and a thorough physical examination of each patient to properly diagnose the cause of their nasal obstruction, keeping in mind the premise that it is a multifactorial disease.

Abstract

Background: Nasal Obstructive Syndrome, is more abundant among children than is generally assumed and may be the initial symptom of a bronchial asthma attack or be the state preceding sensitization of the lower airways.Aim: To characterize SON in a sample of children aged 7 to 12 years.Methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of 194 children who were examined in the office.Results: The prevalence of female sex was found to be 63.9% and the age group 7-9 years with 56.7%; the most prevalent dentomaxillofacial anomalies according to sex were: Bilabial incompetence with 51.5% and 48.4% antero-lower crowding. The 48.4% of the patients present Angle Class I. There are 34.5% of children treated in the specialty of Otorhinolaryngology who receive drug treatment; while 62.8% who maintain the habit of mouth breather.Conclusions: In this study it was found that female patients and the age group 7 to 9 years were the most affected. At the age of 7 to 9 years, Class I prevailed and according to sex, Class II. There was evidence of a greater number of patients receiving medication treatment during orthodontic treatment, with the age group 7 to 9 years prevailing. A greater number of patients aged 7 to 9 years maintained the habit of mouth breathing despite orthodontic treatment.