Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a pattern of lack of attention, hyperactivity and impulsivity; derived from poor behavioral, cognitive and emotional self-regulation that negatively impacts the patient and their environment, and that if we are treated in time can trigger behavioral, emotional and social problems such as mood disorders, antisocial behavior, substance abuse among others. To explain ADHD, Barkley (1997) points out that the key symptoms underlie a deficit in inhibitory control associated with executive dysfunctions, which impede self-regulation. The objective of the present investigation was to determine self-regulation in children with ADHD. The research was carried out through a non-experimental and transversal design. The population consisted of parents of children with ADHD between 6 and 8 years of age who attend the Psychoeducational Development Center CEDEPSI, C.A. For data collection, the executive function evaluation questionnaire was used through the BRIEF behavior. Among the results, the existence of failures of self-regulation at a behavioral, cognitive and emotional level was detected, detected in the executive functions of emotional control, working memory and monitoring mainly. Therefore, the need to stimulate adequate executive functioning and self-regulatory capacities in children with ADHD is considered imperative

Abstract

Problem gambling has recently been reclassified as a non-substance-associated behavioral addiction. To the associated vital impact (family, social, labor, and economic), we must add its increasing incidence in recent years, which has led to prioritizing the problem from the point of view of public health. Although the effects of advertising on gambling behavior have been explored since the second half of the twentieth century, there is a lack of research regarding its underlying mechanisms. Thus, the objective of this review is to present an update on the effects of advertisements on gambling attitudes and behavioral intentions, as well as to present the neurobiological correlates of gambling-related cues as a possible hypothesis for this effect. Advertisements in various formats may act both as a precipitating factor and as a maintenance factor for the gambling disorder, changing both attitudes and beliefs about gambling. Activation of brain areas related to reward, such as accumbens nucleus, to memory, such as hippocampus or amygdala, and to executive functions could be the underlying mechanism of this effect. Also, ads promoting responsible gambling do not appear to be effective in reducing behavior or encouraging self-control, but the available evidence is scarce. Therefore, the number of studies on this topic needs to increase. In addition, the available evidence questions the effectiveness of responsible gambling policies to promote self-control in this population, as well as to reduce the negative impact of this disorder, so future research on neural-cue reactivity to gambling-related stimuli may serve to improve the design of advertising strategies that increase the impact of these messages.