Abstract

The media helps to symbolically build the nation by its effect, mainly on culture and, through it, on the different sides and areas of the citizens’ activities. However, the means vary. Here we review and compare what was done by El Mercurio de Santiago with its first and canonic editorial in 1900, to what was done by another canonical publication, this time a Chilean labor press. The latter was written by one of the dignitaries of the Chilean syndicalism, Luis Emilio Recabarren.

The first kind of press indirectly talks to the readers about the Chile expected, whether on the second kind the message comes in an explicit and direct way, which leaves nothing to open interpretation. Our work is about two different ways to build a nation, which depend on the characteristics of both media and on the relevant style to their target public. Nevertheless, their styles are not simply a rhetoric issue.

Abstract

There is growing concern that MSP is not facilitating a paradigm shift towards democratic marine management and that it may simply repackage old power dynamics in the rhetoric of participation. MSP has been advanced using the logic of 'rationality' and 'post-political' forms of planning that emphasise consensus and managerial-technological apparatuses for the governance of socio-political natural spaces. MSP has been described as the rational organization of the use of marine space. Rationality is, however, context dependent and the context of rationality is power. MSP processes are, therefore, arenas where specific and multiple instances of power manifests itself. MSP is also an inherently political (sensu Mouffee, 2005) process. Rather than acknowledging debate and dissensus, MSP is advanced as a neutral, participatory process that can develop win-win outcomes. The result is a choreographed form of governance and participation, with clearly defined roles, processes and acceptable outcomes, which renders invisible the politics of disagreement and legitimises the agendas of dominant actors. This chapter argues that to recapture its democratising potential, MSP requires explicit engagement with power and politics. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

We collect data on the movement and productivity of elite scientists. Their mobility is remarkable: nearly half of the world's most-cited physicists work outside their country of birth. We show they migrate systematically towards nations with large R & D spending. Our study cannot adjudicate on whether migration improves scientists' productivity, but we find that movers and stayers have identical h-index citations scores. Immigrants in the UK and US now win Nobel Prizes proportionately less often than earlier. US residents' h-indexes are relatively high. We describe a framework where a key role is played by low mobility costs in the modern world. Copyright © The Author(s). Journal compilation © Royal Economic Society 2009. Document type: Book