Abstract

Text in English; Abstract: English and Turkish Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-49) x, 50 leaves On a regular day, almost 200,000 cars use Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge of Istanbul to commute between European and Asian side of the Bosporus. This enormous volume causes the traffic congestion to become a problem not only endemic to the bridge, but also cascading some major arterial roads of the city. This study includes a simulation model to analyze the traffic congestion problem in Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge of Istanbul. The main focus of this research are to identify the bottlenecks of the system, to discover vehicle behaviors in these bottlenecks, and to create a simulation model to predict the level of congestion on the bridge that will occur with different arrival rates of the vehicles. Our simulation analysis shows that even though there is no significant difference between the number of cars arriving to the bridge from both directions in the evening rush hour, when both directions on the bridge have four lanes (without any counter-flow lane), east direction (Europe-to-Asia) suffers more from traffic congestion due to lane merging taking place after the electronic toll collection (ETC) plazas. The analysis also suggests that a counter-flow lane in favor of the east (Europe-to-Asia) direction significantly improves the average number of cars congested at the entrance of the bridge. Ortalama bir günde İstanbul Boğazının Avrupa ve Asya yakası arasında seyahat etmek için neredeyse 200,000 araç Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsünü kullanmaktadır. Bu miktarda araç sadece köprüde değil köprüye ulaşan ana arterlerde de trafik sıkışıklığı problemi oluşmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsündeki trafik sıkışıklığı probleminin analizi için oluşturulmuş bir simülasyon modelini içermektedir. Bu araştırmanın asıl odak noktası sistemin sahip olduğu darboğazların tespit edilmesi, araçların bu darboğazlardaki davranış biçimlerinin incelenmesi ve değişik araç geliş sıklıkları için trafik sıkışıklığı seviyesi tahmini yapılabilmesi için bir simülasyon modeli oluşturulmasıdır. Yapmış olduğumuz analizin önemli sonuçlarından bir tanesi köprünün her iki yakasına gelen araç sayısında önemli bir farklılık olamamasına rağmen akşam yoğunluğu saatlerinde her iki yöne 4 şerit ayrıldığında (ek şerit uygulaması olmadan) Doğu (Avrupa-Asya) yönüne giden araçlar trafik yoğunluğundan daha fazla etkilenmektedir. Bu yoğunluk farkı gişeler bölgesi sonrasındaki şerit birleşimi etkisinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Analizimizin önerisi Doğu yönüne (Avrupa-Asya) bir ek şerit verilerek köprü girişinde ortalama bekleyen araç sayısının azaltılması yönündedir.

Abstract

Thesis (PhDTransportSystemsEngineering)--University of South Australia, 2005. Road incidents and incident induced traffic congestions are a big threat to the mobility and safety of our daily life. Timely and accurate incident detection using automated incident detection (AID) systems is essential to effectively tackle incident induced congestion problems and to improve traffic management. The core of an AID system is an incident detection algorithm that interprets real time traffic data and makes decision on incidents. Literature review of existing AID algorithms and their applications reveals that 1) there is no single freeway algorithm that can fulfil the universality aspect of incident detection which is required by the advanced traffic management systems, and 2) how to achieve the effective and stable arterial road incident detection remains a big issue of AID research. In addition, there exists a strong need for incorporating existing expert traffic knowledge into AID algorithms to enhance incident detection performance.

Abstract

Thesis (MTransportSysEngineering)--University of South Australia, 2005. Transport systems can be modelled and analysed with two techniques namely analytical and simulation. Until recently, aaSIDRA was the leader in the traffic modelling and analysis software based on analytical theory at micro scale. However, it cannot be used for more than one intersection. Meanwhile, the PARAMICS, AIMSUN NG and VISSIM are micro simulation software which are widely used in modelling and analysing transport systems. Further, CUBE Dynasim is also micro simulation software. It is created by Dynalogic in France and integrated in CUBE by Citilabs, UK. However, this software is relatively new compared to PARAMICS, AIMSUN NG or VISSIM. It is able to model multi nodes and multi modals transport system. The version of software used in this research is CUBE Dynasim 1.4.9 released in 2004 aaSIDRA 2.0 version 2.0.0.205.