Abstract

The electric drive with the synchronous electrical machine of independent excitation differs by high specific parameters, adaptability to manufacture, simplicity of a design, and reliability. These properties of the electric drive allow using it in heavy conditions of operation. In particular, it can be recommended to use in electrical vehicles. The electric motor for this electric drive can be executed with two separate stator windings. Therefore, there are additional benefits connected to an opportunity of change of geometry of an iron stator stamp of the given type motor. In this report, the principle of operation of the electric drive with control system is considered. The different variants of a stator design of the electrical machine are discussed. The stator design allows improve of the mass and weight parameters of the electric machine. For the offered stator designs, the comparison of specific parameters (relationship of the nominal torque to load current) is carried out. The received results of analysis are discussed. Copyright © 2009 SAE International.

Abstract

This paper reviews path-creation processes in road transport systems in the Nordic countries: e-mobility in Denmark, hydrogen and fuel-cell electrical vehicles in Norway, and advanced biofuels in Finland and Sweden. The study builds on the path creation literature, which seeks to explain the emergence of new technological pathways. Drawing on recent insights concerning the differences between design- and manufacturing-intensive technologies, the paper analyses the influence of technological characteristics on path creation processes. The case comparison indicates that technological characteristics seem to have greater influence on the content of activities in the later phase rather than the early phase of path creation processes. The analysis also emphasises that barriers to path creation processes differ depending on technological characteristics. This highlights the importance of considering technological characteristics in energy and transport policies. Document type: Article

Abstract

This paper describes a grid impact analysis of charging electric vehicles (EV) using charging curves with detailed battery modelling. A probabilistic method using Monte Carlo was applied to a typical Spanish distribution grid, also using mobility patterns of Barcelona. To carry out this analysis, firstly, an IEEE test system was adapted to a typical distribution grid configuration secondly, the EV and its battery types were modeled taking into account the current vehicle market and the battery characteristics and, finally, the recharge control strategies were taken into account. Once these main features were established, a statistical probabilistic model for the household electrical demand and for the EV charging parameters was determined. Finally, with these probabilistic models, the Monte Carlo analysis was performed within the established scenario in order to study the lines’ and the transformers’ loading levels. The results show that an accurate model for the battery gives a more precise estimation about the impact on the grid. Additionally, mobility patterns have been proved to be some of the most important key aspects for these type of studies. Document type: Article

Abstract

This paper presents a reference architecture for interoperability testing of electric vehicles as well as their support equipment with the smart grid and the e-Mobility environment. Pan-European Electric Vehicle (EV)-charging is currently problematic as there are compliance and interoperability issues on different communication levels and among the different domains comprising the eMobility system. The discussed reference architecture is composed out of three layers that enable addressing a direct mapping of interfaces, functions and services, as well as real world actors and/or laboratory equipment. Utilizing this architecture enables cross-domain co-simulation for interoperability within the electric mobility and the smart grid environment. Given the future challenges that rise to interoperability testing and the fact that certain aspects are yet unknown or rarely defined, the discussed architecture presents a very modular and extendable approach. © 2015 IEEE.

Abstract

This research letter presents the modeling and simulation of electronic differential, employing a novel wavelet controller for two brushless dc motors. The proposed controller uses discrete wavelet transform to decompose the error between actual and reference speed. Error signal that is actually given by the electronic differential based on throttle and steering angle is decomposed into frequency components. Numerical simulation results are provided for both wavelet and proportional-integral-derivate controllers. In comparison, the proposed wavelet control technique provides greater stability and ensures smooth control of the two back driving wheels.