Abstract

La presente Tesis de Master tiene como objetivo la modificación del programa CALTEP2000 estacionario, el cual estudia la transmisión de calor mediante el Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF).

Esta modificación pretende adaptar dicho programa al estudio aerodinámico en problemas de fluidos con la aproximación de Flujo Potencial. De esta forma, la adaptación permite soslayar un problema numérico que surge, en fenómenos de flujo alrededor de objetos aerodinámicos que presentan un borde de fuga, si no se toman las precauciones adecuadas.

Una vez obtenida esta adaptación, se procede a validarla con un perfil de ala sencillo y el programa educativo ED-Poiss y, posteriormente, con un cilindro circular y con perfiles NACA-63012A y NACAM-12. Debido a la complejidad de estos últimos, se utiliza para validarlos el programa comercial DesignFOIL, especializado en el estudio de perfiles de ala.

Abstract

Based on earlier hydrotransport research by English and Russian researchers, a special test stand has been designed and constructed to obtain data to determine hydraulic drag, pipe wear, and comminution of particles. These data are intended for design and separate-effects operating information. This information will be used to supplement data developed by the Hydrotransport Research Facility located at the Pittsburgh Mining Operations, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. This report describes the equipment as designed, explains how the hydraulic drag is calculated using test-stand data, and presents some preliminary tests results using water. Tests using water are continuing to further substantiate the system and later, tests will be started using slurries. Document type: Report

Abstract

Several experiments have been conducted in order to improve the understanding of the wastewater drag and the wall frictional force acting on the headspace air in gravity sewers. The aim of the study is to improve the data basis for a numerical model of natural sewer ventilation. The results of the study shows that by integrating the top/side wall shear stresses the log-law models for the air velocity distribution along the unwetted perimeter resulted in a good agreement with the friction forces calculated by use of the Colebrook-White formula for hydraulic smooth pipes. Secondly, the water surface drags were found by log-law models of the velocity distribution in turbulent flows to fit velocity profiles measured from the water surface and by integrating the water surface drags along the wetted perimeter, mean water surface drags were found and a measure of the water surface drag coefficient was found.

Abstract

We present an overview of issues for the modeling of internal forced convective flows with the One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model. Results of recent research as well as prospective research issues are presented for statistically streamwise homogeneous flows and streamwise inhomogeneous mixed convective flows. The results illustrate the capabilities of the model to evaluate and bring insight into a wide range of physical phenomena in the field of convective flows. Nonetheless, as a model, ODT is best suited for the evaluation of asymptotically turbulent flows, i.e., away from laminar regimes.