Abstract

The generation of anatomical models is one the most important concern to biomedical researchers as well as to medical doctors, due to needed to understand the human tissues. Is know that the soft tissues like heart, brain, prostate and hard tissues like jaw, bones, skull, etc are structures of complex morphologies, so, the anatomical models generation is not an easy and trivial task. Currently, this task has benefited of advances of imaging diagnostic, which permit obtain cross and longitudinal sections of human body. In this research, we describe a method to obtain 3D discrete models of human body given by a dataset of medical images. Five main modules were implemented in prototype software: (1) Reading and 3D reconstruction of Computerized Axial Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Images. (2) Preprocessing techniques for improve the low medical images quality by using enhancement algorithms to reduce image noise and to increase structures contrast. (3) Combined segmentation techniques for tissue identification, which were applied through a multi-stage approach. (4) Post processing techniques to improve segmented volumes and (5) Exportation task of volumes to readable formats by Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools to be later analyzed by numerical methods. The performance of our method is shown on several medical examples and the techniques were validated using statistical descriptors to compare our models with models from free databases. Results showed that the implemented techniques generate precise and useful models for numerical analysis and medical survey, planning and surgery in a short processing time.

Abstract

We describe a method for obtaining master versions of historical photographic negatives that are highly representative at the tonal level of their originals from captures made with easily accessible and affordable devices for any cultural organization. We also address the process of creating historic positive virtual copies that can be used to disseminate iconic content according to rigorous technical and historical criteria. The methodology has been applied to a sample of photographic negatives from the Skogler archive (1936-1939). We devised and implemented corrective processes for defects of non-uniformity or dynamic range introduced by the capture devices that do not result in the alteration or loss of the original tonal information.