Abstract

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) enable fuel savings by re-using kinetic and potential energy that was recovered and stored in a battery during braking or driving down hill. Besides, the vehicle itself can be seen as a storage device, where kinetic energy can be stored and retrieved by changing the forward velocity. It is beneficial for fuel consumption to optimize the velocity trajectory in two ways; i) to assist the driver in tracking an optimal velocity trajectory (e.g. input to an Adaptive Cruise Controller); ii) to estimate the future power request trajectory which can be used to optimize the hybrid components use. Taking advantage of satellite navigation, together with the vehicles current mass and road load parameters, an optimization problem is formulated, and solved for a driver defined time constraint. Despite tight velocity constraints, this can result in 5% fuel saving compared to a Cruise Controller with constant velocity setpoint. The benefit of velocity trajectory optimization is indicated with experimental results. © 2010 AACC.

Abstract

WOS: 000261774600007 Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop a knowledge-based decision support tool used for assisting en-route air traffic controllers by generating resolutions for dual aircraft conflicts after being integrated into a model-based conflict detection and conflict resolution system. Design/methodology/approach - Air traffic controller knowledge, which was obtained from the literature research, about solving aircraft conflicts is represented in a decision tree. Then it is written in Visual Basic programming language. With reference to several rules form the expert air traffic controller knowledge and some factors which affect controller conflict resolution process, the tool generates advisories consisting of eight kinds of separation strategies. Findings - The paper finds that it is expected to increase the safety of air traffic system by supporting air traffic controller in conflict resolution process. Controller workload can be reduced by fast, reliable and acceptable resolution advisories of the tool. Research limitations/implications - The accuracy of decision tree is limited with the adequacy and quality of knowledge obtained from references, several assumptions and interpretation. Because of the unavailability of a model-based conflict detection and resolution tool, the tool could not be evaluated in simulations. Originality/value - After being integrated into a model-based decision support tool, it can reduce the deficiencies of the model-based tool such as low degree of resolution acceptance by controllers and low-resolution speed by providing expert air traffic controller knowledge to the tool.

Abstract

© 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Ways to increase sustainability of the city transport system and, particularly, measures to promote safe public transport and non-motorized means of transport are considered in the article. Analysis of the existing positive experience shows that complex decisions for a sustainable development of the urban transport system are necessary. Technical and organizational ways to increase sustainability and safety of the transport system are studied. The results of solution for separate tasks, which are aimed to meet the goal, are presented: they include definition of transport preferences for the citizens of Naberezhnye Chelny and a model of an adaptive smart-bicycle. It is shown that the reasonable combination of public transport and non-motorized transport systems for strategic and operational management will help to enhance efficiency and safety of transport system.