Abstract

Abstract

The focus of Work Package 4 is on the integrated management of interchanges. Based on case studies, stakeholder interviews, and literature, this work package analysed the organisation and operation of interchanges in terms of planning, operational functionality, management, practicalities, services and efficiency."br/"The research has shown that currently there are few examples of regulations or guidance that cover the design, construction, management and operation of interchanges as a whole. The interchange facility itself and the interchange zone are often considered to be ‘grey areas’ in transport planning; and the roles and responsibilities of those interested in the interchange are often dominated by the regulations of each mode. The design, construction and management of interchanges would benefit from closer interaction between the public and private sectors as there are opportunities for commercially successful utilisation of the space available in the terminals for services provided by the private sector, and thus make the interchanges economically more viable. In addition, partnerships with private sector can introduce business models which can complement the skills of the public sector. Public consultation should be carried out for the integration of the opinions and concerns of relevant stakeholders in the decision-making process in order to make the process more transparent, to gather more input on which to base decisions, and to create support for the decisions that are made. The positive impacts of an interchange on local economy are more likely to occur if there is an integrated development plan linking the transport function with the urban and economic functions. However, as the interchanges are typically located in the town centre, it is difficult to assess whether new developments in retail, housing or offices were direct results of the interchanges or if they would have been developed within town centre development context anyway."br/"Clear information systems are essential for making a public transport journey easy, efficient and stress-free. It is proposed that information between different operators and modes should be integrated to provide relevant information to all in a centralised and harmonised manner. Integrated, smart ticketing makes transferring easier for the traveller and thus promotes the use of public transport. It is a matter that needs to be addressed by the regional authorities and all stakeholders. Sustainable interchange design and energy efficiency are not only relevant for environmental purposes, but can also have positive impact on both social and economic elements. None of the present rating systems to assess energy efficiency are specifically developed for terminals or interchanges, but many of the tools can be applied successfully. For the end user, i.e. the traveller, however, the main point is neither the energy efficiency nor the carbon footprint of the interchange, but the functionality of the interchange for her/his needs, good air quality and comfortable atmosphere, and appropriate services."br