Abstract

Pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-1,3-dione derivatives were synthesized via a three component reaction of arylaldehydes, 4-phenylurazole and malononitrile in the presence of a catalytic amount of 2-hydroxyethylammonium formate and 2-hydroxyethylammonium acetate as effective mild basic ionic liquids, without using any additional co-catalyst, under solvent-free conditions at room temperature in good yields. Ionic liquids as catalysts were recovered and reused. In addition, the preparation of 2-amino-3-cyano-5,10-dioxo-4-phenyl-5,10-dihydro-4H-benzo[g]chromene derivatives from the reaction of arylaldehydes, malononitrile and 2-hydroxy-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-1,4-dione under solvent-free conditions at ambient temperature in the presence of mentioned catalysts is reported.

Abstract

Abstract

A medida que la humanidad ha desarrollado y generado nuevo conocimiento a partir de investigaciones y estudios en diferentes áreas de la ciencia, se han acumulado grandes volúmenes de datos, hasta tal punto que obtener nueva información de estos se ha vuelto una tarea muy compleja en el que los análisis estadísticos demandan demasiado tiempo y dinero para ser ejecutados de forma manual. Aquí es donde entran las ciencias de la computación, específicamente la minería de datos para facilitar la forma en que estos volúmenes de datos pueden ser tratados. De esta forma, se explicará que es la minería de datos, los tipos de análisis, técnicas y sus principales metodologías para desarrollar proyectos de minería de datos en cualquier área de la ciencia.

Abstract

TNO Automotive is developing an Integrated Powertrain Control (IPC) concept for powertrain controls that focuses on integration of the engine, aftertreatment and parallel hybrid electric system. One of the first steps is the focus on hybrid assisted Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) regeneration. For inner-city distribution trucks the legislation on particulate matter is becoming more stringent. This means that diesel particulate filters will be increasingly applied to inner-city distribution trucks. The fact that these trucks often operate at idle- and part-load poses a great challenge to the successful regeneration of the DPF. Based on a simulation study, the capability of hybrid-assisted DPF regeneration is shown, along with the additional requirements placed on the hybrid components.