Abstract

Since some years ago the electric vehicle popularity, and so the pluggable hybrid, notably increased although it's not a brand new development. To understand it, together with the oil prices rise, another factors are to be considered like the CO2 emissions reduction or the fossil fuels dependence. This work is devoted to the study of the electric vehicle integration on the Smart Grid exploring the synergies and the challenges of it. Geographically the study illustrates the Spanish case using as a main data inputs the International Energy Agency forecasts for western Europe together with some highly valuable European Union studies, especially those issued by the JRC. On a first step an electric vehicle market penetration investigation shows that, on year 2030, a 21% of the cars running trough the Spanish roads will be electrically powered. The impact of such a presence of electric vehicles could be assumed, disregarding power grid meshing requirements, by the Spanish electric generation pool and transport infrastructures even if no improvement on them takes place on the next 15 years. The bottleneck will then be found on the low voltage distribution systems and their associated medium voltage lines, that will not be able to hold the electric vehicle deployment forecast unless their capacities are increased or the users car availability is impaired. A solution must be found to this fix this issue that should also explore all the possible synergies with the rest of the electrical system. As a result two countermeasures arise preserving as much as possible the cars availability to their owners. One is to size up all the low voltage and related medium voltage systems to accommodate bigger power flows solving the main problem but doing nothing to integrate the steadily increasing renewal energy that should be consumed when is produced or stored on expensive, environmentally harmful, hydropower pumping stations. The other countermeasure, the main outcome of the next pages, derives from the functionalities of the Smart Grid and is in fact a reviewed version of the, yet popular, Vehicle To Grid (V2G) strategy. Its about to add an inertia battery emulating the inertia tanks in central sanitary water production facilities. Such a kind of proposal is possible because the grid-wide information share and distributed control that lies on the Smart Grid concept. The countermeasure will allow not only a 21% presence of the electric vehicle but even a 100% with almost no cost for the owners, will greatly help the renewables integration as offers a big energy storage capacity on valley hours without compromising the electric vehicles batteries life and also could prevent outages acting as a grid energy supplier in some case

Abstract

© 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works This paper proposes a charging/discharging process for electric vehicles according to mode 4, specifically based on the CHAdeMO protocol. These initiatives will enable acceptably fast charging of EVs. The proposal has been designed and implemented within the Endesa Novare Vehicle to Microgrid project. As a first stage of the project, the charge/discharge process has been emulated before it will be developed in a real device. The emulation consists of two main parts: (i) an electric vehicle and its battery management system emulated by a microcontroller, and (ii) a charging/discharging device emulated by a computer application. Both parts communicate via CAN bus as it is done in existing protocols. The proposed control flow for charging and discharging and the results of the emulation are presented. Moreover, in order to be able to manage charge and discharge processes according to power network operator, a data model for both electrical vehicle and charging/discharging device according to standard IEC 61850-7-420 is also proposed. Document type: Conference object

Abstract

This paper reflects the work done to design a torque control strategy for an axial flux switched reluctance machine. The general electrical model is first presented but as the switched reluctance machine behaves nonlinearly1 a (three-dimensional) finite element method characterization is performed, so the nonlinearity may be considered. Once the machine is characterized in FEM a Simulink model is developed where a torque control strategy is proposed. Then, both the machine and the control are experimentally tested. The control setting, and the obtained real performance results are also presented in this document. Finally, the most outstanding conclusions about the control strategy are captured. Main difficulties encountered during the implementation of the control strategy are also collected. Document type: Conference object

Abstract

Revenues from global sales of light electric vehicles are expected to grow from $ 9.3 billion in 2017 to $ 23.9 billion in 2025. In order to boost this growth electric drives with better features and lower costs have to be developed. This paper presents a new in-wheel axial-flux switched reluctance motor with double rotor and a particular disposition of the stator and rotor poles that provides short flux path without flux reversal. The magnetic active parts of the stator and the rotor are built using soft magnetic composites. The motor is fed from batteries trough a on purpose designed electronic power controller. Simulation of the whole drive, using Matlab-Simulink coupled with the results of the three dimensional finite analysis of the motor is carried out. Simulation results prove that the proposed in-wheel axial-flux switched reluctance motor drive is adequate for the propulsion of electric light vehicles.

Abstract

Electrification of road vehicles is one of the most consistent initiatives to achieve a clean, environmentally friendly and efficient transport system. The choice of the electric machine for the powertrain is an important consideration, nowadays tilted towards permanent magnet synchronous machines. However, rare earth permanent magnet supply drawbacks open up new prospects for other types of machines, such as switched reluctance machines (SRM). This Workshop, Switched reluctance motor drives an alternative for E-traction, aims to deepen into the potential of SRM for electric traction, to be a meeting point for groups that are currently working on the development of SRM drives and an opportunity to establish future collaborations. The Workshop consists of two parts. In the first part, participants will present papers about issues related with switched reluctance machines for electric traction applications. In the second part, they will discuss what aspects slow down the application of SRM drives for electric traction and their possible solutions.

Abstract

© 2014 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works Electric vehicles (EVs) could become a controllable grid load by using demand side management techniques, but this requires an information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure and aggregator agents, to coordinate the EV charging process. To determine the opportunity cost of aggregators, it is necessary to analyze the extra charges in the electricity market, due to the EV charging demand. The EV energy consumption is modeled following agent-based techniques, and the data used corresponds to the Iberian day-ahead market and Spanish mobility needs in 2012. The simulation results show that EVs would significantly influence the electricity price on the day-ahead market, depending on the EV charging behavior.

Abstract

Electrification of road vehicles is one of the most consistent initiatives to achieve a clean, environmentally friendly and efficient transport system. The choice of the electric machine for the powertrain is an important consideration, nowadays tilted towards permanent magnet synchronous machines. However, rare earth permanent magnet supply drawbacks open up new prospects for other types of machines, such as switched reluctance machines. The Workshop aims to be a meeting point for groups that are currently working on the development of Switched Reluctance Motor drives (SRMD) and an opportunity to establish future collaborations. The Workshop consists of two parts. In the first part, in the morning, participants, all by invitation, will present new types of switched reluctance machines for electric traction applications. In the second part, in the afternoon, all participants will discuss what aspects slow down the application of SRMD for electric traction and their possible solutions.

Abstract

This paper is a summary of the debate that took place in the round tables: - What is slowing down the application of SRM drivesfor road vehicle electrification? - Where should research and development focus toboost application of SRM drives to E-traction? These round tables were the second part of the Workshop SRM an alternative for E-Traction held at the EPSEVG, on February 2, 2018.