Abstract

This paper gathers experiences and results from several demonstration projects in the field of grid integration of electric vehicles. The analyzed research projects are selected among research institutes and universities that are part of the European Energy Research Alliance Joint Program on Smart Grids. The paper provides an overview of recent trends in the field of electric vehicles integration issues and then dives deeper into specific aspects of each project. Twelve research projects are presented in general terms, while detailed information can be retrieved from the references and the websites. Although each project has its focus, a common element that can be devised is that the charging process can be technically controlled based on different interests and algorithms, but its role in the market is still under development. Particular focus is always given to the behavior of the user, which ultimately determines the possible level of flexibility that the electric vehicle can provide to the grid.

Abstract

Keynote.- Ambient Intelligence 2.0: Towards Synergetic Prosperity.- Sensing.- Behavior Analysis Based on Coordinates of Body Tags.- MobiDiC: Context Adaptive Digital Signage with Coupons.- Slice&Dice: Recognizing Food Preparation Activities Using Embedded Accelerometers.- Reasoning and Sensing.- The Ambient Tag Cloud: A New Concept for Topic-Driven Mobile Urban Exploration.- Constructing Topological Maps of Displays with 3-D Positioning Information.- Activity Recognition for Personal Time Management.- Getting Places: Collaborative Predictions from Status.- Ambient Technology.- Place Enrichment by Mining the Web.- Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition in a Multi-user Scenario.- Amelie: A Recombinant Computing Framework for Ambient Awareness.- Bug-Free Sensors: The Automatic Verification of Context-Aware TinyOS Applications.- Semi-automatic Story Creation System in Ubiquitous Sensor Environment.- SAGE: A Logical Agent-Based Environment Monitoring and Control System.- Using Video with Active Markers.- Ambient Assisted Living.- An Event-Driven Approach to Activity Recognition in Ambient Assisted Living.- EMon: Embodied Monitorization.- Interoperation Modeling for Intelligent Domotic Environments.- Intertwining Implicit and Explicit Awareness of Wellbeing to Support Peace of Mind and Connectedness.- NICA: Natural Interaction with a Caring Agent.- Applications and Studies.- Ambient Rabbits Likeability of Embodied Ambient Displays.- Contextual Interaction Design: The Case of Pause Buddy.- Creating a Development Support Bubble for Children.- I Bet You Look Good on the Wall: Making the Invisible Computer Visible.- AmIQuin - An Ambient Mannequin for the Shopping Environment.- Designing an Awareness Display for Senior Home Care Professionals.- Methods and Tools.- A Framework to Develop Persuasive Smart Environments.- Measuring the Response Bias Induced by an Experience and Application Research Center.- The Assisted User-Centred Generation and Evaluation of Pervasive Interfaces.- Reasoning and Adaptation.- Increased Robustness in Context Detection and Reasoning Using Uncertainty Measures: Concept and Application.- Synthetic Training Data Generation for Activity Monitoring and Behavior Analysis.- Adaptive User Profiles in Pervasive Advertising Environments. Document type: Part of book or chapter of book

Abstract

This article discusses the results of supporting transition towards fully automated driving with remote operator support via the novel V2X channels. Automated passenger cars are equipped with multiple sensors (radars, cameras, LiDARs, inertia, GNSS, etc.), the operation of which is limited by weather, detection range, processing power and resolution. The study explores the use of a dedicated network for supporting automated driving needs. The MEC server latencies and bandwidths are compared between the Tampere, Finland test network and studies conducted in China to support remote passenger car operation. In China the main aim is to evaluate the network latencies in different communication planes, whereas the European focus is more on associated driving applications, thus making the two studies mutually complementary.5G revolutionizes connected driving, providing new avenues due to having lower and less latency variation and higher bandwidths. However, due to higher operating frequencies, network coverage is a challenge and one base station is limited to a few hundred meters and thus they deployed mainly to cities with a high population density. Therefore, the transport solutions are lacking so-called C-V2X (one form of 5G RAT) to enable data exchanges between vehicles (V2V) and also between vehicles and the digital infrastructure (V2I). The results of this study indicate that new edge-computing services do not cause a significant increase in latencies $(\\lt 100$ ms), but that latency variation (11 - 192 ms) remains a problem in the first new network configurations.

Abstract

Research on the acceptability of assistive systems for improving the safety of powered two-wheelers (PTWs) is a pressing issue. The use of safety-enhancing assistive systems for motorised vehicles, including advanced driver assistance systems and in-vehicle information systems is widespread in many countries. Yet, there is only a limited number of equivalent intelligent transport systems (ITS) for PTWs, namely advanced rider assistance systems and on-bike information systems. This study describes the methodological development of a specific tool for assessing motorcyclists' acceptability of ITS, as part of the motorcyclists' profiling questionnaire (MOPROQ). There were three stages of development. First, a literature review was undertaken to assess the current state of the art regarding ITS for PTWs and to determine the most relevant facets of acceptability that should be measured. Second, a series of focus group interviews were conducted to explore riders' attitudes towards ITS. Finally, the focus group results were used to develop a large-scale survey (MOPROQ), which was administered to an initial sample of over 6000 riders internationally. The designed tool can be used as a basis for the determination of rider acceptability of ITS systems in the future.

Abstract

m: An easy-to-use human factors (HF) tool for air traffic control (ATC) operators was applied in an air traffic management (ATM) organization to ensure ATC operators' learning and commitment to HF, which is seen as a critical factor in improving safety. Methods: ATC operators analyzed the positive and negative causal factors of 3163 incident reports in 2008-2010 using the HF tool in 27 ATC units. We studied the active usage of the HF tool and causal factors of incidents. Users' experiences of the HF tool were assessed using questionnaires with open questions. Results: Although the usage of the tool varied from year to year and across units, it helped ATC units analyze both positive and negative HF-related causal factors of incidents. It also enabled ATC operators to learn about the new field of HF. Discussion: The target ATM organization accepted the new HF tool. The benefits of the tool were its visuality, user-friendliness and the congruence of its contents with existing HF tools. The lessons learnt revealed the need for more extensive training, clearer instructions for the users of the HF tool, and publicizing the actions based on the findings. Conclusions: The application of a new HF tool in the target ATM organization was supported by the fact that it could be included as one of the core processes of ATC work (reporting system). Improving HF competence in the organization is recommended, to further improve ATC work and the safety of ATC operations. The HF tool would support this.

Abstract

Simulation has become an established technique to support the design of complex, mechatronic or cyber-physical systems. Ideally, simulations should already be performed at an early design phase before high-cost design commitments are made, and the recent advances in the digitalization of design information open possibilities for automatic generation of simulation models. However, high-fidelity simulation model building depends on accurate data. In particular, firstprinciples models are desirable source information for simulations, but such models generally are not available at an early design stage. This paper investigates the automatic generation of first-principles 3D models for piping intensive systems based on design information that is available at an early design stage, namely Piping & Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID). An algorithm is presented for the generation of such 3D models based on machine-readable P&ID information. The main focus of the algorithm is the automatic generation of feasible pipelines into the 3D models, so that the model has sufficient information which can be exploited in further work to automatically generate high fidelity first-principles thermohydraulic simulations.